海洋功能区划符合性判别方法初探——以港口功能区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王江涛  刘百桥 《海洋通报》2011,30(5):496-501

借鉴国外用海兼容性和土地使用兼容性,分析了海洋功能区划符合性内涵,基奉原则,并以港口功能区为例,分析了港口用海对海洋环境的影响,建立了港口功能特征指标,以及港口功能区与海域使用之 间对照表.通过搭建起海域使用和海洋功能区划之间的桥梁,更好地为海域使用审批管理提供技术支持.  相似文献   

地壳岩石剪切失稳的应力与应变准则   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

秦四清  泮晓华 《地球物理学报》2011,54(7):1767-1771

本文建立了岩石体膨胀起点与峰值点之间应力与应变关系的解析表达式,分别给出了其剪切失稳应力与应变准则.考虑到地壳岩石缓慢加载作用使其均匀性指标的减小效应,本文也分别给出了简化的适用于脆性破坏预测的应力与应变准则.实例表明该应变准则可用于崩塌与强震等脆性破坏问题的预测分析.  相似文献   

GPS控制网起算点精度的检核方法     

赵景泉  孟长虹 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(2):144-146

结合实际经验,阐述了起算点精度对GPS控制网兼容的重要性,介绍了几种检核起算点精度的有效方法。  相似文献   

浅析地籍缮证图文的兼容     

邱金满 《现代测绘》2011,34(5):44-45

PDF栅格图的成功开发,在地籍总登记网络上,整合了原有的土地登记系统和测绘基础信息数据系统,实现两个业务系统的相互衔接,使得各项业务管理从＂自成体系,条块分隔＂的现状中解放出来,实现地籍发证图文同步：＂一站式,零环节,无纸化＂,办证期限＂归零＂。  相似文献   

基于高精度地层倾角线性反演的地震全体积拉平方法          下载免费PDF全文

王伟  郭宇宏  高静怀  陈文超  王宝江 《地球物理学报》2013,56(3):1012-1022

地震数据的拉平分析是三维地震资料解释中的常见方法,一般通过拾取某一标准层位并将其校正到一个基准面的方式拉平地震数据,这样会导致距离标准层越远的层位拉平效果越差.近几年发展起来的三维地震数据全体积拉平方法是避免这种拉平缺陷的有效途径.本文提出一种基于高精度地层倾角的全体积自动拉平方法,该方法将一种自适应加权的向量滤波法获得高精度的局部地层倾角作为观测数据,根据拉平变换对每个数据样点产生的垂向偏移量与地层倾角之间的近似线性关系,建立最小二乘反演机制.在优化反演模型时,引入由梯度结构张量法得到的误差控制模板,抑制断层等复杂地质构造对拉平效果的影响;此外,增加模型参数的平滑度量项,避免拉平后的数据出现较大的畸变,并采用模型重新参数化方法,加快反演算法的收敛速度.三维合成数据和实际地震资料的试算结果表明这种三维全体积拉平方法是有效和可行的.  相似文献   

Efficacy of rights-based management of small pelagic fish within an ecosystems approach to fisheries in South Africa     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):315-322

South Africa's small pelagics fishery is moving towards a management strategy using an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF), with rights-based management (RBM) as the key rights allocation system. While EAF strives to balance between, among others, ecological and social-economic objectives, RBM is driving the sector towards economic efficiency. Within EAF itself, there are still underlying mismatches between the two top objectives, ‘human wellbeing’ and ‘ecological wellbeing’, in effect requiring a better balance between these objectives than there is currently. For example, fishers do not believe they should be competing with marine mammals and birds for allocation of the resource, yet this is one of the primary trade-offs that have to be made when setting the annual total allowable catches (TACs) under EAF. A balance between the two objectives could be achieved through acceptable trade-offs between them among all stakeholders within inclusive governance. Implementation of RBM has had both positive and negative effects on the objectives for EAF. Of concern are the negative effects of RBM on human wellbeing. For example, fishers feel that RBM has weakened their bargaining position, thereby reducing their benefits. In addition, RBM has resulted in job losses and insecurity of employment within the fisheries sector. The most affected have been the most vulnerable — the low level workers — who ought to be the key beneficiaries of RBM. Thus prioritising and protecting vulnerable groups and fishing communities need careful consideration when creating RBM, even in the context of EAF. Rights-based management has also had negative effects on ecological wellbeing through practices such as increased dumping and ‘high grading’ as part of industry's drive for increased efficiency under RBM. Whereas scientists believe that variability is largely due to environmental conditions, fishers strongly feel that dumping, high grading and high fishing pressure are the main factors. One of the positive aspects of RBM has been improved understanding among rights-holders and fishers of the need to consider other organisms in the TAC and to protect these through establishment of marine protected areas, island perimeter closures and limiting bycatch, thereby impacting positively on ecological wellbeing.  相似文献   

具备兼容性的在线坐标转换系统设计     

潘国富  鲍志雄  吴文志 《地理空间信息》2012,10(6):39-41,4

介绍了区域CORS系统地方坐标转换参数保密运用的常规方法,提出了通过网络实时进行在线坐标转换的方法;通过合理设计软件接口及公开数据通信协议,解决了各仪器厂家的手簿软件兼容问题;并通过实例验证了方法的可行性。  相似文献   

生石灰为掺料的土遗址锚固浆液选型和性能研究     

崔凯  黄井镜  谌文武  王东华  韩宁 《岩土力学》2019,40(6):2183-2191

锚固浆液的兼容性不理想、类型发展的滞后性成为制约土遗址锚固技术发展的关键问题。为了丰富锚固浆液类型和提高其兼容性,研究以传统材料生石灰为掺料,通过其与质量浓度为1.5%的SH黏结剂、黏土和粉煤灰拌和组成的SH-（CaO+C+F）锚固浆液进行流动性测试以及结石体进行物理、力学特性测试,确定了水灰比为0.5的浆液作为优选浆液。并以该型锚固浆液与2种不同材质的锚杆,在3种长度为变量的条件下组成的6种锚固系统开展原位试验。原位试验以获取6种锚固系统的破坏模式、极限荷载与极限荷载?位移特征以及锚固段应力沿锚固深度分布特征为目的,并对其进行分析与讨论。最后,通过对锚固力学机制的分析,对比并评价了该型锚固浆液的兼容性和锚固性能。该研究结果为土遗址锚固浆液的多样性选择提供了参考。  相似文献   

泥石流防治工程规划的可拓决策技术     

汤家法  姚令侃  王沁 《山地学报》2001,19(6):541-545

泥石流防治工程规划属于一种半结构化的决策问题。可拓决策是根据物元的可拓性，采用定性分析与定量计算相结合的方法解决矛盾问题的一种决策技术。本文根据可拓学的基本理论与方法，提出了一种首先基于系统物元相容性评判进行方案比选；再对初选方案通过系统物元变换进行方案优化设计的可拓决策模型，并以成昆铁路大田箐沟泥石流防治方案的优化设计为例说明这种可拓决策技术的应用程式。  相似文献   

Potentials having two orthogonal families of curves as trajectories     

François Puel 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1999,74(3):199-210

We study, using the tool of Joukovsky’s orthogonal coordinates, the determination of the potentials having two families of orthogonal trajectories. We show for compatible cases the existence and the uniqueness, up to a constant factor, of the solution. We note the importance of the ‘isothermal’ nets of curves. We study as an example the net of geometrically similar conic curves and orthogonal trajectories. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献