西昆仑新藏公路118～323km段基性、酸性岩脉K—Ar年龄   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

计文化周辉  李亚民 《地质通报》2005,24(3):243-245

在西昆仑西段新藏公路沿线广泛发育数量众多的岩脉，野外出露有煌斑岩脉、辉绿岩脉、闪长岩脉、花岗岩脉。对以上岩脉进行了全岩K-Ar同位素测年，其侵位年龄与该区的地质构造事件有很好的对应关系：辉绿岩脉273～280Ma的侵位年龄对应着弧后扩张的时间，闪长岩脉和花岗岩脉230～244Ma的侵位年龄对应着碰撞造山的时间。  相似文献   

Structural Control to the Genesis of Sediment-hosted Disseminated Jinlongshan Gold Orebelt, China     

Liqing Zhao    Jun Deng    Xiang Chen    Hong Zhou  Xioumei Li 《Resource Geology》2005,55(1):9-19

Abstract. Jinlongshan gold orebelt is a newly discovered sediment-hosted gold orebelt in Southeastern Qinling Mountains hosted by Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous sedimentary rocks. The location of the belt is regionally controlled by E-W striking Zhenan-Banyan and Ningshan Faults, which were formed during the Indo-Sinian Orogeny. Circular patterns on TM images indicate that intrusive rocks occur at shallow depths in the Jinlongshan orebelt. Two basic types of disseminated and vein-type mineralization have been recognized. Calcareous siltstone is the most favorable host for disseminated mineralization. Vein-type mineralization is mostly hosted by limestone. Locally vein-type mineralization has envelop of disseminated mineralization.
Gold deposits are distributed north and south of the Zhenan-Banyan Fault zone, and the zone is considered to be the feeder zone and pathway for mineralizing fluids. During the Indo-Sinian Orogeny, magmatic and orogenic fluids may have extracted gold and other elements from underlying Proterozoic rocks and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. The ore solutions evolved continuously with sedimentary rocks until gold was precipitated in appropriate structural sites. Exploration needs to be expanded along the Jinlongshan gold orebelt, focusing on inferred concealed intrusions and calcareous host rocks close to the Zhenan-Banyan Fault.  相似文献   

The role of Pan-African structures in intraplate seismicity near the termination of the Romanche fracture zone, West Africa     

Kodjopa Attoh  Larry Brown  Joel Haenlein 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2005,43(5):111

The distribution of epicenters of both historic earthquakes and recent seismic events in southeastern Ghana, compiled from local and teleseismic networks, show strong correlation with the Pan-African structures onshore and indicate an alignment with disruptions on seismic sections offshore. The seismic reflection sections reveal basement structures of the external zone of the Pan-African Dahomeyide orogen and these structures can be traced to offsets of shelf strata and seabottom reflectors, providing direct evidence, for the first time, for neotectonic activity that may be responsible for seismicity in the area. The deep structure of the external zone consists of moderately-dipping reflectors inferred to represent high-strain zones in the variably deformed margin of the West African craton. Taken together, the available data suggest that active tectonics in this intraplate environment may involve inversion of the Pan-African thrust structures but that this activity is apparently not related to reactivation of the nearby Romanche Fracture Zone.  相似文献   

Stratigraphical and palynological appraisal of the Late Quaternary mangrove deposits of the west coast of India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K.P.N. Kumaran  K.M. Nair  Mahesh Shindikar  Ruta B. Limaye  D. Padmalal 《Quaternary Research》2005,64(3):418-431

The organic deposits derived from the mangrove swamps form reliable stratigraphic markers within the Late Quaternary sequence of Kerala–Konkan Basin. Three generations of such deposits have been identified. The older one is dated to around 43,000–40,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P., with a few dates beyond the range of radiocarbon. The younger ones date from the Middle Holocene to latest Pleistocene (10,760–4540 ¹⁴C yr B.P.) and the Late Holocene (<4000 ¹⁴C yr B.P.). Pollen analyses confirm that the deposits are mostly derived from the mangrove vegetation. Peat accumulation during the period 40,000–28,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. can be correlated with the excess rainfall, 40–100% greater than modern values, of the Asian summer monsoon. The low occurrence of mangrove between 22,000 and 18,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. can be attributed to the prevailing aridity and/or reduced precipitation associated worldwide with Last Glacial Maximum, because exposure surfaces and ferruginous layers are commonly found in intervals representing this period. The high rainfall of 11,000–4000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. is found to be the most significant as the mangrove reached an optimum growth around 11,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. but with periods of punctuated weaker monsoons. From the present and previous studies, it has been observed that after about 5000 or 4000 ¹⁴C yr B.P., the monsoons became gradually reduced leading to drying up of many of the marginal marine mangrove ecosystems. A case study of Hadi profile provided an insight to the relevance of magnetic susceptibility (χ) to record the ecological shift in Late Holocene.  相似文献   

Première approche pour l'étude des bassins hydrogéologiques profonds du Sud-Ouest tunisien     

Moncef Chalbaoui 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(16):222

Due to their high cost, a small number of deep wells cannot give a satisfactory image of the architecture of deep geological formations and their continuity. However, it is very important at an early stage of research to recognize the relations that can exist between the different compartments of the underground formations. Generally speaking, we usually deduce that the hydrodynamic and geochemical parameters can be generated by geological discontinuity. In southwestern Tunisia, the seismic and diagraphic data make it possible to get a satisfactory insight into the underground layers so as to identify the hydrogeological basins and the extension of their parameters. To cite this article: M. Chalbaoui, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).  相似文献   

Formation, Crystallization, and Migration of Melt in the Mid-orogenic Crust: Muskoka Domain Migmatites, Grenville Province, Ontario     

SLAGSTAD  T.; JAMIESON  R. A.; CULSHAW  N. G. 《Journal of Petrology》2005,46(5):893-919

Migmatitic orthogneisses in the Muskoka domain, southwesternGrenville Province, Ontario, formed during the Ottawan stage(c. 1080–1050 Ma) of the Grenvillian orogeny. Stromaticmigmatites are volumetrically dominant, comprising granodioriticgneisses with 2–5 cm thick granitic leucosomes, locallyrimmed by thin melanosomes, that constitute 20–30 vol.%, and locally 40–50 vol. %, of the outcrops. Patch migmatitesin dioritic gneisses form large (>10 m) pinch-and-swell structureswithin the stromatic migmatites, and consist of decimetre-scale,irregular patches of granitic leucosome, surrounded by medium-grainedhornblende–plagioclase melanosomes interpreted as restite.The patches connect to larger networks of zoned pegmatite dykes.Petrographic and geochemical evidence suggests that the patchleucosomes formed by 20–40% fluid-present, equilibriummelting of the dioritic gneiss, followed by feldspar-dominatedcrystallization. The dyke networks may have resulted from hydraulicfracturing, probably when the melts reached water saturationduring crystallization. Field and geochemical data from thestromatic migmatites suggest a similar petrogenesis to the patchmigmatites, but with significant additions of externally derivedmelts, indicating that they acted as conduits for melts derivedfrom deeper structural levels within the orogen. We hypothesizethat the Muskoka domain represents a transfer zone for meltsmigrating to higher structural levels during Grenvillian deformation. KEY WORDS: migmatite geochemistry; partial melting; melt crystallization; melt transport; Grenville orogen  相似文献   

FORMATION OF GOLD-BEARING HYDROFRACTURING BRECCIA BODIES IN TECTONIC LENSES： A CASE STUDY ON SHUANGWANG GOLD DEPOSIT, SHAANXI, CHINA     

ZENG Qiaosong WANG Jincao CHEN Guanghao 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2005,29(2):93-106

1 Introduction Hydrofracturing is possibly an important fracture behavior within the whole lithospheric crust, many geologists have noticed and carried out study on hydrofracturing in the fluid-rock systems (e.g., Phillips, 1972; Sibson, 1986; Fyfe, 1987; Svyatoslav and Kirill, 1993; Cox, 1995; Nakashima and Toriumi, 1996; James et al., 2000; Agust et al., 2002). Hydrofracturing phenomena are universally existent in the active structural belts, nonlinear tension vein systems in metamorphi…  相似文献   

浅论西部边疆五省区的发展     

夏骥 《云南地理环境研究》2006,18(3):62-66

西部大开发战略的实施为西部地区的发展提供了历史性机遇.西部边疆五省区在西部经济发展中扮演着重要的角色,加快其发展对于西部大开发具有重要意义.西部边疆五省区具有显著的资源优势、区位优势和政策优势,经济发展的潜力巨大;同时,它们在人口、经济、生态环境等方面所面临的一系列共同的问题,又严重阻碍了其发展步伐.因此,如何抓住西部大开发的机遇,制订有效的对策和措施,扬长避短、进一步加快其发展,是西部边疆五省区应认真面对的问题.  相似文献   

Late Glacial and Holocene Palaeoenvironmental Changes in the Rostov-Yaroslavl’ Area, West Central Russia     

Barbara Wohlfarth  Pavel Tarasov  Ole Bennike  Terri Lacourse  Dmitry Subetto  Peter Torssander  Fedor Romanenko 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(3):543-569

Three lake sediment sequences (lakes Nero, Chashnitsy, Zaozer’e) from the Rostov-Jaroslavl’ region north of Moscow were studied to provide information on palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes during the past 15,000 cal yr. The multi-proxy study (i.e., pollen, macrofossils, mineral magnetic measurements, total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur) is chronologically constrained by AMS ¹⁴C measurements. Lake Nero provided the longest sedimentary record back to ca. 15,000 cal yr BP, while sediment accumulation began around ca. 11,000 cal yr BP in the two other lakes, possibly due to melting of permafrost. Limnic plant macrofossil remains suggest increased lake productivity and higher mean summer temperatures after 14,500 cal yr BP. While the late glacial vegetation was dominated by Betula and Salix shrubs and various herbs, it appears that Betula sect. Albae became established as early as 14,000 cal yr BP. Major hydrological changes in the region led to distinctly lower lake levels, starting 13,000 cal yr BP in Lake Nero and ca. 9000 cal yr BP in lakes Chashnitsy and Zaozer’e, which are situated at higher elevations. These changes resulted in sedimentary hiatuses in all three lakes that lasted 3500–4500 cal yr. Mixed broad-leaved – coniferous forests were widespread in the area between 8200 and 6100 cal yr BP and developed into dense, species-rich forests between 6100 and 2500 cal yr BP, during what was likely the warmest interval of the studied sequences. Agricultural activity is documented since 500 cal yr BP, but probably began earlier, since Rostov was a major capital by 862 A.D. This apparent gap may be caused by additional sedimentary hiatuses around 2500 and 500 cal yr BP.  相似文献   

青藏高原典型地区的地貌量化分析——兼对高原“夷平面”的讨论   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18  

尹安 《地学前缘》2006,13(5):0-0

尽管过去150年以来,人们对于喜马拉雅造山带有很长的一段研究历史,但是对其几何特征、运动方式、动力学演化仍然理解不深。这种情况的出现,主要是因为人们持续关注的是喜马拉雅造山带的二维构造空间特性,并将某些研究程度较高地区的地质关系向外推广到造山带其他地区。就地理、地层及构造划分而言,概念的混淆和误解在有关喜马拉雅的文章中也大量存在。为了阐明这些问题,并为那些有兴趣探究喜马拉雅造山带地质演化过程的人们提供一个新的平台,文中系统地综述了以前的基本观察。我的综述主要是强调沿走向变化的喜马拉雅地质格架在喜马拉雅剥露、变质和前陆沉积方面所起的作用。文章的主要目的是阐明占据造山带核部的大喜马拉雅结晶岩带(GHC)的侵位历史。因为喜马拉雅大部分地区是由主中央冲断层(MCT)和藏南拆离系(STD)之间的GHC所组成,所以在地图和剖面观察上确定这些一级喜马拉雅构造之间的关系是非常关键的。中喜马拉雅出露的平面模式表明,MCT具有断坪-断坡的逆断层的几何特征。南部的逆冲断坪携带了一个GHC的板片(Slab)叠置在小喜马拉雅层序之上(LHS),并形成了一个在MCT逆冲断层带之南延续100km的巨大上盘断弯褶皱。在西喜马拉雅造山带地区,东经约77°处,MCT呈现为横向逆冲断坡(Mandi倾向逆冲断坡)。在其西边,MCT将低级变质的特提斯喜马拉雅层序(THS)叠置到低级变质的小喜马拉雅之上;而在其东边,MCT将高级GHC叠置到低级LHS之上。这种沿走向变化的地层叠置和横穿MCT的变质等级表明,逆冲断层的断距向西减小,可能是由于地壳短缩总量沿着喜马拉雅造山带向西减小所致。在所有出露的地方,STD大致都沿着THS底部的同一地层面,呈现出一个长度>100km的上盘断坪。这种关系说明:STD可能沿着一个先期存在的岩石接触面,或者沿中部地壳近水平的脆性—韧性转换带而发生。虽然喜马拉雅造山带藏南拆离系的上盘都有THS发育,但是至今没有找到THS切断STD下盘的证据。这样使得估算STD的滑动距离非常困难。STD最南端地层或与MCT(即,Zanskar)相交,或者位于MCT前端1～2km的范围内(不丹),这两种可能都暗示MCT与STD在它们向南的上倾(up-dip)方向有可能结合。虽然这种几何特征在现有的模型中几乎被忽略,但对于整个喜马拉雅造山带的变形和剥露历史具有重要的指示作用。  相似文献