The place of rural, remote and least-wealthy small islands in international water development: the nexus of geography–technology sustainability in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia     

WILLIAM JAMES SMITH JR 《The Geographical journal》2008,174(3):251-268

Many least-wealthy, rural, remote and resource-poor small island communities are unlikely to benefit from high-profile global water improvement initiatives. Their small landmasses, geologic composition, geography, social and technological isolation, colonial history, and weak educational and financial resources constitute significant barriers to improving access to safe drinking water. This paper discusses the relatively unique position of such island societies in the international community, providing a case study of the Federated States of Micronesia that integrates data and information pertaining to water resources management and governance, spanning from the island village to national scale. A vision is offered regarding the interaction between small island human and biophysical water systems, manifesting ways to pursue water resource development to improve public health which are constructed to be economically, physically and culturally sustainable.  相似文献   

三山岛北部海域金矿海上钻探施工管理   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘治  孙宏晶 《探矿工程》2017,44(4):85-92

山东莱州三山岛北部海域金矿钻探工程项目从2012年开始,至2015年底结束。施工陆地与海上钻孔138个,总工作量15万余米,合同额2.4亿元。此项目属于施工周期长、工作量大、投资额高、施工机台多、施工管理难度大的超大型钻探工程项目。因其涉及海上钻探,施工环境、交通运输、实施手段都较陆地钻探有很大的不同。结合该项目海上钻探实际的施工管理情况,从设定组织机构入手,重点对工程的安全、进度、质量、成本等管理方面进行研究、分析,细分各岗位职责,严抓重点工序与关键环节,提出了一套适合海上钻探施工的安全、科学、高效的管理方法,可为类似海上钻探项目提供一定的经验参考。  相似文献   

2009年9月29日萨摩亚群岛地区地震破裂过程快速反演          下载免费PDF全文

张勇  许力生  陈运泰 《地震学报》2010,32(1)

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法,在2009年9月29日萨摩亚群岛地区地震发生后,采用全球地震台网(GSN)的宽频带地震资料,快速反演了这次地震的破裂过程,并于震后3.5小时内得出了这次地震破裂过程的反演结果.结果表明,这次萨摩亚群岛地区地震的破裂过程具有如下基本特征:①矩震级约为MW8.0;②地震主要破裂持续时间约为138s;③滑动量在断层面上的分布比较复杂,整个地震破裂包含至少2个滑动量较大的区域;④这次地震基本上是一次单侧破裂事件,破裂主要朝向西北方向.  相似文献   

Continuity and change: Spatiotemporal land use dynamics on Bellona Island, Solomon Islands   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Torben Birch-Thomsen  Anette Reenberg  Ole Mertz  Bjarne Fog 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2010,31(1):27-40

Traditional agricultural land use systems in the humid tropics of the Southwest Pacific are, as elsewhere, affected by globalization processes. This paper analyzes the directions of change in the land use system of Bellona, a small outer island in the Solomon Islands. We focus on the human–environmental interaction that shapes land use patterns and practices in the context of theoretical lines of thought concerning intensification of agricultural systems in the tropics. Aerial photography from 1966 and satellite imagery from 2006 in conjunction with studies from the 1960s and a contemporary household survey reveal only minor changes in the agricultural system. Land use and land cover dynamics are related to agricultural strategies, demographic factors, institutional actors as well as biophysical drivers or constraints. Local agricultural production still contributes significantly to local subsistence but imported food has also become a major food source. Hence, land use has become partially disconnected from the local population pressure and therefore remains relatively stable while the larger livelihood portfolio has undergone significant diversification. At present, the agricultural system is a supplement to a range of strategies supporting the increasing number of people on the island. This explains why land use patterns continue relatively unchanged while livelihood and food supply strategies have changed.  相似文献   

Biological response to coastal upwelling and dust deposition in the area off Northwest Africa     

T. Ohde  H. Siegel 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

Nutrient supply in the area off Northwest Africa is mainly regulated by two processes, coastal upwelling and deposition of Saharan dust. In the present study, both processes were analyzed and evaluated by different methods, including cross-correlation, multiple correlation, and event statistics, using remotely sensed proxies of the period from 2000 to 2008 to investigate their influence on the marine environment. The remotely sensed chlorophyll-a concentration was used as a proxy for the phytoplankton biomass stimulated by nutrient supply into the euphotic zone from deeper water layers and from the atmosphere. Satellite-derived alongshore wind stress and sea-surface temperature were applied as proxies for the strength and reflection of coastal upwelling processes. The westward wind and the dust component of the aerosol optical depth describe the transport direction of atmospheric dust and the atmospheric dust column load.  相似文献   

美国国家公园志愿者服务及机制——以海峡群岛国家公园为例     

王辉  刘小宇  郭建科  孙才志 《地理研究》2016,35(6):1193-1202

具有百余年历史的美国国家公园志愿者服务已成为美国国家公园管理的重要部分,志愿者服务有效实现了美国国家公园的全民管理思路。通过实地考察和访谈记录梳理,就国家公园志愿者服务的相关概念、服务动机、服务决策、服务内容、服务支持和服务机制深入剖析,从庞大有序的服务系统、管理与运行、功能实现三方面分析国家公园志愿者服务机制;提炼出美国国家公园志愿者服务的四个支持：宣传支持、技术支持、学习支持和立法支持。并以美国海峡群岛国家公园为例进行论证。最后提出国家公园志愿者服务和中国国家公园志愿服务尚需研究的诸多内容,任重而道远。  相似文献   

文化生态学视角下的南海诸岛地名文化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵静  张争胜  陈冠琦  南文龙 《热带地理》2016,36(6):1045-1056

地名具有丰富的文化内涵,正日益受到学术界的高度关注。南海诸岛及其附近海域是中国政治敏感地带,多国为主权归属问题摩擦不断,研究其地名文化历史演变问题可为维护中国领土主权提供有力证据。基于南海诸岛地名命名、变更和演变等资料,采用文本分析方法,分析《更路簿》和不同时期公布的南海诸岛命名资料,并利用 GIS 将地名的演变情况进行地理可视化表达,同时对南海诸岛及其附近海域的开发者--渔民和老船长等进行深入访谈。研究发现：南海诸岛的土地名主要依据岛礁的自然地理环境特征而命名,地名的更替、消亡与社会文化环境紧密相关;1935 年公布的地名以音译英文地名为主,1947 年更名以去外国化、美化、纪念地名为主,1983 年对 1947 年所公布的标准地名更改很少,在这 118 个地名中,增加了前几次未公布地名 39 个,这些地名几乎都沿用渔民命名的土地名。  相似文献   

Reciprocality between biology and geology: Reconstructing polar Gondwana     

B. Michaux   《Gondwana Research》2009,16(3-4):655-668

The reciprocal nature of the relationship between historical geology (reconstruction models) and biology (constructing phylogenies) is discussed and the conceptual basis of such a relationship is examined through its historical development. Examples to illustrate aspects of the relationship are drawn from the Cretaceous breakup of polar Gondwana and the Cenozoic history of some of the resultant microcontinental fragments. A new mid-Cretaceous (circa 100 Ma) rift zone, separating the west Gondwanan Campbell Plateau, southern New Zealand, from the east Gondwanan Melanesian Rift is proposed, and biological and geological evidence for it is presented and discussed. It is also suggested that the Bounty Trough, Chatham Rise, and Hikurangi Plateau unit is incorrectly placed in reconstruction models, and it should be fitted outboard of the Melanesian Rift until its mid-Cenozoic attachment to the Campbell Plateau. It is concluded that both reconstruction modelling and phylogenetic analyses have much to gain through ‘reciprocal illumination’.  相似文献   

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN DENMARK     

ROLF GUTTESEN M.Sc.  FRANK HANSEN M.Sc.  BUE NIELSEN M.Sc. 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(1):74-87

  相似文献   

The Problem of Double Longitudes on Glavač’s Map     

Marina Viličić  Miljenko Lapaine 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):217-234

Abstract

Exploring large volumes of geospatial data is difficult. This paper presents an approach that combines visual and computational analysis to make this process easier. This approach is based on the effective application of computational algorithms, such as the Self-Organizing Map (SOM). These are used to uncover the structure, patterns, relationships and trends in the data, and for the creation of abstractions where conventional methods may be limited. In addition, graphical representations are applied to portray extracted patterns in a visual form that allows for better understanding of the derived structures and possible geographical processes, and should facilitate knowledge construction.  相似文献