采矿引起的边坡倾倒滑移变形机理与变形安全性分析研究—以抚顺西露天矿边坡为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

申力  纪玉石  刘大勇  祖国林  刘晶辉 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(3):63-68

在矿山开发、水电建设过程中倾倒变形问题日渐突出。倾倒变形边坡一般具有反倾边坡结构,变形的过程和机理比较复杂、涉及的变形岩体范围较大、危害严重。论文以抚顺西露天矿边坡为例,通过岩体位移监测资料的跟踪分析、底面摩擦模拟试验,以岩体力学、松散介质力学原理为理论基础,探讨了采矿影响下边坡倾倒滑移体的变形机理,分析认为采矿引起的倾倒滑移变形问题是在特定的地质构造和采矿工程条件下产生的,并提出了岩体变形安全性分析方法。通过工程实例,验证了方法的实用性,并针对实际问题提出了变形整治对策。  相似文献   

淮北煤田芦岭井田二叠纪含煤岩系原生沉积构造序列与沉积环境     

李运山  魏尔林 《安徽地质》2002,12(1):29-34

通过对保留在沉积物中与水动力条件有密切联系的原生沉积构造的观察和研究,分析了淮北煤田芦岭井田二叠纪含煤岩系属于以河流作用为主的建设性三角洲沉积环境,阐明了根据原生沉积构造序列解释沉积环境的基本方法.  相似文献   

影响新生界"底含"发育的因素及含水层参数修正   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

许光泉  严家平  桂和荣 《煤田地质与勘探》2003,31(2):40-42

分析了“底含”发育的主要影响因素，并以祁东煤矿为例，利用地下水动力学方法重新计算了“底含”的有关参数，对以往抽水试验参数进行修正，并成功地运用到邻近矿井。该研究表明，在富水性较强的古河道发育位置，要合理留设防水煤岩柱，才能保证煤矿安全生产。  相似文献   

金川矿区露采边坡超基性岩体工程地质特性研究     

李毓瑞  吴芝兰 《工程地质学报》1997,5(4):323-329

超基性岩体在金川矿区露采边坡稳定性评价中占有重要地位, 它是整体边坡的支撑体。本文研究了该岩体的物质组成、赋存环境、物理力学性质、岩体结构特征等。在此基础上, 对超基性岩体质量进行了评价。  相似文献   

利用地质成果优化3010皮带上山设计     

邱尔强 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(Z1):89-90

3010皮带上 山 建成 后将 担 负着 范各 庄 矿三 水平 、四 水平 的 煤炭 运输 任 务,服务 年 限要 求 至 少 30a。 此 皮 带上山 位于 岩 溶陷 落柱 较 发育 的井 口 区域 ,范 各庄 矿 发现 的 12个 陷落 柱 全部 位于 此 区域 。由 于 陷落 柱直 接 导通 下部 奥 灰水 ,一 旦揭 露 将有 淹没 整 个矿 井的 危 险。为 保 证矿 井安 全 ,在 工程 施工 前 ,利用 地 质手 段对 设 计区 域进 行 了探 查,发现皮 带上 山 的中 上部 发 育有 岩溶 陷 落柱 ,两 次对 设 计进 行了 修 改,为 施 工提 供了 安 全保 障。  相似文献   

疏降地下水引起地面塌陷浅析--以淮南煤矿区为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

许光泉  沈慧珍 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(4):64-68

以淮南西部矿区为例，介绍了该地区自20世纪60年代开采煤矿以来，由于疏降地下水，引起的地面塌陷。为了研究灰岩水动力场规律，先后在该区进行多时段、多水平放水试验。研究表明，覆盖粘土层、岩溶及人工疏降地下水，是该地区岩溶塌陷形成的基本条件。通过对粘土盖层性质、疏降地下水岩溶塌陷演化过程及塌陷机理与对应阶段过程综合分析，结合区域地质条件，掌握了塌陷点的分布规律。对目前西部地区塌陷“复活”、整治及未来城市规划，提出了建设性建议。  相似文献   

Water pollution in gold mining industry: a case study in Roşia Montană district, Romania     

R. M. Florea  A. I. Stoica  G. E. Baiulescu  P. Capotă 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(8):1132-1136

The preliminary study of streams and rivers from the Roşia Montană area revealed that the concntration of heavy metals— Cd, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Zn—are above accepted limits. The gold extraction method is based on flotation. The most important pollution sources are mine tailings. The determinations were performed for samples collected in: April 2004, July 2004, September 2004, November 2004, February 2005 and May 2005. The highest concentrations were found for cadmium in September 2004: 0.17 mg/L; for copper in September 2004: 1.38 mg/L; for manganese in July 2004: 239.4 mg/L; for lead in May 2005: 0.54 mg/L; and for zinc in September 2004: 35.37 mg/L;. This study involved three small rivers (streams) that flow into the Mureş River and finally into the Danube River, having a great impact on human health and environmental stability in the area. In May 2005, a sample of drinking water from the mining district was also collected.  相似文献   

HXY-800QT型拖车钻机的研制及应用          下载免费PDF全文

胡仲杰  张联库  邓小军  刘彦仁 《探矿工程》2005,32(6):34-37

为了满足可地浸砂岩铀矿的开采工艺要求，研制了HXY-800QT型拖车钻机。介绍了该钻机的设计思想、性能特点、主要部件的结构设计及生产使用情况。  相似文献   

Thermodynamic properties of tooeleite,Fe63+(As3+O3)4(SO4)(OH)4·4H2O     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(3):419-428

Tooeleite, nominally Fe₆³⁺(As³⁺O₃)₄(SO₄)(OH)₄·4H₂O, is a relatively uncommon mineral of some acid-mine drainage systems. Yet, if it does occur, it does so in large quantities, indicating that some specific conditions favor the formation of this mineral in the system Fe-As-S-O-H. In this contribution, we report the thermodynamic properties of synthetic tooeleite. The sample was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. These methods confirmed that the sample is pure, devoid of amorphous impurities of iron oxides, and that the oxidation state of arsenic is 3+. Using acid-solution calorimetry, the enthalpy of formation of this mineral from the elements at the standard conditions was determined as −6196.6 ± 8.6 kJ mol⁻¹. The entropy of tooeleite, calculated from low-temperature heat capacity data measured by relaxation calorimetry, is 899.0 ± 10.8 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹. The calculated standard Gibbs free energy of formation is −5396.3 ± 9.3 kJ mol⁻¹. The log K_sp value, calculated for the reaction Fe₆(AsO₃)₄(SO₄)(OH)₄·4H₂O + 16H⁺ = 6Fe³⁺ + 4H₃AsO₃ + SO₄²⁻ + 8H₂O, is −17.25 ± 1.80. Tooeleite has stability field only at very high activities of aqueous sulfate and arsenate. As such, it does not appear to be a good candidate for arsenic immobilization at polluted sites. An inspection of speciation diagrams shows that the predominance field of Fe³⁺ and As³⁺ overlap only at strongly basic conditions. The formation of tooeleite, therefore, requires strictly selective oxidation of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ and, at the same time, firm conservation of the trivalent oxidation state of arsenic. Such conditions can be realized only by biological systems (microorganisms) which can selectively oxidize one redox-active element but leave the other ones untouched. Hence, tooeleite is the first example of an “obligatory” biomineral under the conditions prevailing at or near the Earth's surface because its formation under these conditions necessitates the action of microorganisms.  相似文献   

Sequestration of molybdate during transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite under alkaline conditions     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

Hematite is a thermodynamically stable iron oxide under the aerobic conditions present in most natural surface soils and sediments. Most studies to date have focused on the capacity of hematite to adsorb trace metals and metalloids, but structural incorporation of trace metals within hematite is less recognized. This study assessed the incorporation of molybdenum within the structure of hematite during the phase transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite under alkaline conditions (pH ∼10). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses show molybdenum incorporated into hematite, with two Mo-O shells having a coordination number (CN) of 3 and average bond distances of 1.78 ± 0.01 and 2.08 ± 0.02 Å, respectively, as well as two Mo-Fe shells with a CN of 3 and average bond distances of 3.10 ± 0.02 Å and 3.44 ± 0.02 Å, respectively. This observation suggests the tetrahedrally-coordinated Mo in the molybdate that adsorbs onto the 2-line ferrihydrite changes to an octahedrally-coordinated Mo within the hematite with Mo possibly substituting for Fe in the hematite structure. Our findings suggest that molybdenum partitioning (low concentrations) to iron oxides in the environment can occur due to structural incorporation as well as adsorption.  相似文献