湘西震旦纪武陵山生物群的化石形态学特征和归属   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈孝红  汪啸风 《地质通报》2002,21(10):638-645

湘西桃源理公港震旦系留茶坡组中部黑色页岩中的炭质压膜化石,为研究末前寒武纪晚期生物学提供了一个稀有的布吉斯页岩型分类学窗口。根据已知属种和新获材料的研究,确定了17个明显的形态类型,讨论了每种形态类型特征及其可能的生物学属性,指出除个别化石可能为两侧对称动物外,其余绝大多数化石可以解释为原核生物或多细胞藻类,系统发育上与绿藻、褐藻、蓝藻细菌等相关。具固着器、叶状体为球状或具同心纹构造的Apsidiumsphaericus的发现,进一步证明典型埃迪卡拉动物群(或白海生物群)中简单的圆盘状化石可能为多细胞藻类,而不是水母。武陵山生物群中具同心纹结构的大型圆盘状化石的出现及其共生生物特点,指示该生物群是埃迪卡拉期生物分异发展阶段的产物,是末前寒武纪晚期一个以多细胞藻类发育为特色的新型生物群。  相似文献   

Time and tectonic setting of the Xixiang Group: Constraints from zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

凌文黎  高山  欧阳建平  张本仁  李惠民 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(9):818-831

The present paper reports the research development in the timing and tectonic setting of the Xixiang Group, northwestern margin of the Yangtze block. U-Pb concordant ages of (946 ± 18) Ma and (904±18) Ma of zircons were obtained from the upper and lower units of the Xixiang volcanic succession, respectively. Elemental and Nd isotope characteristics show that the volcanic suite has the affinities of arc island magmatism as well as an evolution trend of tectonic setting from front-arc to back-arc. The volcanic rocks suffered from some extensive post-stage tectono-thermal events, resulting in the resetting of their Rb-Sr isotopic system.  相似文献   

A Fresh Look at Dickinsonia： Removing It from Vendobionta     

ZHANG Xingliang Joachim REITNER 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(5):636-642

The Ediacaran Dickinsonia is well-known for being the only fossil to be assigned to many phyla, ranging from lichens, Cnidaria, Piatyheiminthes, Annelida, and a phylum of its own to a nonmetazoan kingdom. A new specimen from the Ediacaran fine-grained sandstone on the Winter Coast of the White Sea in northern Russia, which has an age of -555 million years ago, preserved convincing internal anatomies of definite animals, comparable with meridionai canals of extant ctenophores （comb jellies）. Additionally, we reconsidered Dickinsonia as a biradiaily symmetrical animal rather than a bilateral one as previously thought. The animal nature of Dickinsonia is, thus, well established and its affinities are most probably allied to ctenophores. This research is not only removing Dickinsonia from Vendobionta, but also bringing the fossil record of ctenophores forward to 20 million years before the Cambrian ＂explosion＂.  相似文献   

Antimony in the environment: A review focused on natural waters. III. Microbiota relevant interactions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Montserrat Filella  Nelson Belzile  Marie-Claire Lett 《Earth》2007,80(3-4):195-217

Antimony is ubiquitously present in the environment as a result of natural processes and human activities. Antimony is not considered to be an essential element for plants or animals. In this third review paper on the occurrence of antimony in natural waters, the interactions of antimony with microbiota are discussed in relation to its fate in natural waters. This paper covers the following aspects: occurrence in microbiota, uptake transport mechanisms, pathways of Sb(III) removal from cells involved in antimony tolerance, oxidation and reduction of antimony by living organisms, phytochelatin induction and biomethylation. This review is based on a careful and systematic examination of a comprehensive collection of papers on the above mentioned aspects of the subject. All data are quoted from the original sources. Relatively little existing information falls within the strict scope of this review and, when relevant, discussion on the interactions of antimony with reference microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and different protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, has been included.  相似文献   

贵州关岭上三叠统卡洛维龙 (爬行动物：鱼龙类)一新种          下载免费PDF全文

陈孝红  程龙  P.  Martin  Sander 《中国地质》2007,34(6):974-982

根据采自贵州关岭上三叠统小凹组一件近乎完整的鱼龙骨架标本和一件压扁的头骨标本,笔者建立并系统描述了卡洛维龙的一个新种Callawayia wolonggangensis sp.nov.。分析和讨论了新种与Callawayia属其他种及其在关岭生物群中共生的各鱼龙属种之间的异同点,指出新种以具有发育的上颌骨上升支,窄的额骨及其与鼻骨之间宽缓的U-形接缝与该属模式种C.neoscapularis相区别。新种与关岭生物群中的Panjiangsaurus分子在头骨和四肢的一般形态特征上较为接近,但新种的鼻骨向后延伸与后额骨接触;额骨呈槽状向上颞孔方向延伸,并直接参与上颞孔前边缘的形成,以及后部顶骨脊之下具有发育的顶骨架而易于区别。另外,新种桡骨和桡侧腕骨前边缘直的特点也与Panjiangsaurus明显不同。  相似文献   

中国西南部三叠纪海相生物群及其集群死亡事件     

钱迈平  马雪  姜杨 《江苏地质》2015,39(4):519-529

中国西南部三叠纪海相生物群主要有海生爬行类、鱼类、棘皮类、菊石类、双壳类、腹足类及节肢动物等,分布范围包括贵州关岭、兴义、盘县和云南罗平一带的中—上三叠统关岭组、竹竿坡组及小凹组灰黑色钙质泥岩及泥质灰岩地层。这些生物群高度分异,数量丰富,反映了地球生命在经历了二叠纪末大绝灭以及早三叠世的相对停滞期后,在中三叠世开始进入迅速辐射演化的新阶段。这样不同类型和不同生长阶段的大量海洋动物同时集群死亡,并被迅速封埋保存成化石,反映了当时多次发生突发灾变事件。这与该生物群所处的古地理位置恰好位于华南板块、江南造山带及印度支那板块交界区构造活动带的海湾盆地环境有密切关系。推测那里滞流深水区还原环境形成硫化氢水团,在印支造山运动期间多次发生的海底地震及火山活动时,其硫化氢水团及海底富含碳酸盐的软泥泛起,混合成高密度有毒浊水团,侵入海洋生物群生存的清澈浅水区,导致大量海洋生物中毒窒息,出现突发性集群死亡,随后又被有毒浊水团携带的泥沙迅速封埋,在以后的成岩作用中保存为灰黑色钙质泥岩及泥质灰岩中的精美化石。  相似文献   

Neogene Paleoseismic Events and the Shanwang Biota’s Burial in the Linqu Area, Shandong Province, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

TIAN Hongshui  A. J. 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(4):1103-1119

Several paleoseismic events are recorded in the Neogene Linqu Group, exposed in the Linqu area, Shandong Province, China. The events were interpreted on the basis of fieldwork and laboratory analysis, which showed the presence of seismites with plastically deformed soft-sediment deformation structures in the Shanwang Formation, and of seismic volcanic rocks in the Yaoshan Formation which show brittle deformation. The earthquake-triggered soft-sediment deformations in the seismites include load structures, ball-and-pillow structures, flame structures, pillow-like beds, boudinage structures, slump folds, syn-depositional faults, veins of liquefied sand, and dikes of liquefied sandy lime-mud. The seismic activity is also reflected in what might be called ‘brittle seismites'; these originated when, under the influence of seismic vibrations, semi-consolidated conglomerate was shattered. Moreover, volcanic activity is related to intense earthquakes that affected basalts intercalated with sand layers; these successions are known as ‘seismic volcanic rocks', which are characterized by veins of liquefied sand intruding the basalts. All above traces of paleoseismic activity were left from one single time span of 4 Ma with active seismicity that took place 14–10 Ma. This time span is known as ‘the Linqu Neogene Paleoseismic Active Period', which is divided into four paleoseismic episodes, which were responses to tectonic extension and basin rifting in this area. It even includes the activity of the Yishu Fault Zone during the Miocene and the Neogene. The ratios of trace elements in the seismites, w(La)/w(Sc) and w(La)/w(Th) are higher than the average value of the upper crust, but w(Th)/w(Sc) is lower; this is geochemical evidence for the basin rifting that resulted in a high sedimentation rate. The intense and frequent paleo-earthquakes are held responsible for the rapid burial of the Shanwang Biota. Secondary earthquake-induced processes(e.g. slumping of a lake shore and the strongly increased lacustrine sedimentation rate) contributed to the rapid burial of the biota.  相似文献   

云南罗平大凹子与上石坎剖面牙形类动物群研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄金元  张克信  张启跃  吕涛  周长勇  胡世学 《地质科技情报》2011,30(3):1-17

从大凹子剖面118件样品和上石坎剖面78件样品的系统研究中获得了丰富的牙形石标本,特征分子为Nicoraella kockeli Ni.germanicus,同时还获得了众多未能鉴定到种的片形分子Nicoraella sp.,Neospathodus sp.,以及大量的枝形分子,Cornudina? latidentata,Cornudina tortilis,Xaniognathus sp.,Hibbardellasp.,Cypridodella of.delicatula,Cypridodella cf.conflexa,Enantiognathus ziegler,Enantiognathus incurvus,Enantiognathus latus,Neohindeodella triassica,Hindeodella bogschi.对这些可识别到种级别的分子进行了鉴定描述,大凹子与上石坎剖面中获得的牙形石分子Nicoraella kockeli指示出罗平生物群的时代为Anisian期的Pelsonian亚期.  相似文献   

八臂仙母虫(Eoandromeda octobrachiata)新材料及其意义     

唐烽  Stefan Bengtson  尹崇玉  高林志 《地球学报》2011,32(6):641-651

在中国贵州江口地区陡山沱组新发现的化石材料表明,伊迪卡拉/震旦纪(Ediacaran/Sinian)的宏体化石——八臂仙母虫Eoandromeda octobrachiata的原始生活状态可能为一个较高的圆锥形生命体,具有沿着侧面锥状螺旋排列的八条旋臂.旋臂表面保存有与栉水母动物的栉板可能同源的横向有机质条带,规则排列...  相似文献   

Evolution of the Ediacaran Doushantuoian Meta-Paleo-Community in Northeast Guizhou, South China     

WANG Yue  CHEN Hongde  WANG Xunlian  HUANG Yuming 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(3):533-543

Macroscopic organisms lived in the Yangtze Sea of South China during the Late Doushantuo period of the Ediacaran. The results of the specimen collections and statistics within each meter show that the macroscopic biota from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in northeast Guizhou, South China, can be subdivided into Globusphyton, Cucullus, Sectoralga–Longifuniculum, Beltanelliformis, and Baculiphyca–Gesinella paleo-communities. The paleo-community evolution indicates the relationship not only between biota and environment, but also between metaphytes and metazoans. From the Globusphyton paleo-community, through to the Sectoralga–Longifuniculum paleo-community, to the Cucullus paleo-community, the increase in the abundance and diversity of metaphytes (especially the branching macroalgae) and metazoans implies that the oxygen content in the seawater increased gradually. Both the Beltanelliformis and Baculiphyca–Gesinella paleo-communities could be related to a deteriorated environment and fragile ecosystem. The emergence, abundance, and diversity of macroscopic metaphytes, which were closely connected with the environmental microchanges, accelerated the process, improving the environment and increasing oxygen, and established an important platform for the development of macroscopic metazoans.  相似文献