Cretaceous to Cenozoic evolution of the northern Lhasa Terrane and the Early Paleogene development of peneplains at Nam Co,Tibetan Plateau     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

Highly elevated and well-preserved peneplains are characteristic geomorphic features of the Tibetan plateau in the northern Lhasa Terrane, north–northwest of Nam Co. The peneplains were carved in granitoids and in their metasedimentary host formations. We use multi-method geochronology (zircon U–Pb and [U–Th]/He dating and apatite fission track and [U–Th]/He dating) to constrain the post-emplacement thermal history of the granitoids and the timing and rate of final exhumation of the peneplain areas. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb geochronology of zircons yields two narrow age groups for the intrusions at around 118 Ma and 85 Ma, and a third group records Paleocene volcanic activity (63–58 Ma) in the Nam Co area. The low-temperature thermochronometers indicate common age groups for the entire Nam Co area: zircon (U–Th)/He ages cluster around 75 Ma, apatite fission track ages around 60 Ma and apatite (U–Th)/He ages around 50 Ma. Modelling of the thermochronological data indicates that exhumation of the basement blocks took place in latest Cretaceous to earliest Paleogene time. By Middle Eocene time the relief was already flat, documented by a thin alluvial sediment sequence covering a part of the planated area. The present-day horst and graben structure of the peneplains is a Late Cenozoic feature triggered by E–W extension of the Tibetan Plateau. The new thermochronological data precisely bracket the age of the planation to Early Eocene, i.e. between ca. 55 and 45 Ma. The erosional base level can be deduced from the presence of Early Cretaceous zircon grains in Eocene strata of Bengal Basin. The sediment generated during exhumation of the Nam Co area was transported by an Early Cenozoic river system into the ocean, suggesting that planation occurred at low elevation.  相似文献   

Late early Oligocene East Asian summer monsoon in the NE Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from a palynological record from the Lanzhou Basin,China     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

The latest Early Oligocene record from the Lanzhou Basin, northeast Tibetan Plateau, presents an opportunity to investigate early stage of the Asian monsoon patterns due to its special location. The record provides insights into the global zonal climate and the development of the non-zonal monsoon system. The study identifies possible links between factors governing the monsoonal patters and paleoaltimetry of the Tibetan Plateau. Sporomorphs results indicate the dominance of arboreal plants (both coniferous and broad-leaved) corresponding to a wetter environment, while xerophytes were rare. Based on the Coexistence Approach (CA), the climate of the Lanzhou Basin is likely to have been similar to that of present-day sites in Southeast China, i.e., characterized by relatively high precipitation and a warm climate. Both qualitative analysis of the sporomorph assemblages and quantitative calculations indicate that monsoons similar to those of the present daywere formed in East Asia and reached the Lanzhou region in inner Asia. High percentages of Picea, generally associated with the relatively high topography of the NE Tibetan Plateau, correlate well with the high paleoaltimetry of the main Tibetan Plateau during the Oligocene. Thus, the East Asian monsoon during this time can be closely linked to an uplifted Tibetan Plateau, following modeled relationships between the Tibetan Plateau and monsoon patterns. However, we believe such high precipitation may have mainly resulted from the orographic barrier, rather than being driven by zonal climate factors. Further investigation into the extent of, and controls on, the region of high precipitation should help clarify the role of these processes.  相似文献   

青海高原雪灾风险区划及对策建议   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3  

李红梅  李林  高歌  刘义花 《冰川冻土》2013,35(3):656-661

利用青海省50个气象台站逐日积雪深度资料、遥感监测积雪深度资料和牲畜死亡率资料,对遥感监测积雪数据进行了验证,证实遥感监测积雪数据能很好的反映青海积雪状况.利用积雪指标分析青海各地致灾强度大小.结果表明:青海三江源地区和祁连山区的部分地区致灾因子危险性最高,柴达木盆地的西部和东部农业区以及环湖的部分地区致灾因子危险性较低.通过分析积雪指标和牲畜死亡率的相关关系,确定了不同雪灾等级临界气象指标,对青海地区进行了雪灾风险区划.区划结果为:轻灾主要发生在柴达木盆地、东部农业区的大部和环湖的部分地区,这些地区发生轻灾的频率大都在50%以上;中灾和重灾在青海发生频率均不高,都在20%以下;三江源的大部尤其是囊谦、玉树和称多一带是特大雪灾的高发区,发生频率均在50%以上.  相似文献   

青藏高原安多高压麻粒岩同位素年代学研究   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

解超明  李才  苏犁  董永胜  吴彦旺  谢尧武 《岩石学报》2013,29(3):912-922

本文报道了聂荣微陆块中新发现的高压麻粒岩锆石U-Pb定年结果及其围岩花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar同位素年代学结果.高压麻粒岩中的锆石可分为两类,第一类具有核-边显微结构,核部残留锆石具典型岩浆结晶锆石特征,锆石U-Pb年龄541±8Ma～ 834±11Ma;第二类锆石具典型的变质锆石成因的结构特征,锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为179.0±1.7Ma.花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为166.7±1.1Ma.年代学资料显示麻粒岩与其围岩均具有泛非期的年龄信息,麻粒岩的原岩经历了晚元古代-早古生代造山作用,并于早-中侏罗世发生了峰期高压变质作用改造,该变质事件可能代表着聂荣微陆块与羌南板块的碰撞拼合.伴随着早-中侏罗世的岩浆作用,麻粒岩及其围岩迅速抬升,抬升的时间跨度在13Myr左右,于166.7Ma左右抬升至地壳浅层部位或近地表.  相似文献   

可可西里西段羊湖盆地沉积、构造特征及其动力学意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李亚林  朱利东  戴紧根  王立成  杨文光  魏玉帅 《岩石学报》2013,29(3):1017-1026

对可可西里西段新生代盆地缺乏了解是导致该区新生代地质演化存在争议的重要原因.本文以沉积学和构造变形分析为主要手段,对可可西里西段羊湖盆地时代、充填序列、物源区和变形特征进行了分析,结果表明,羊湖盆地新生界沉积厚度大于1302m,主要由下部雅西错组冲积扇相碎屑岩和上部五道梁群湖泊相碳酸盐岩组成,其岩石组合和充填序列与可可西里东段具有一致性,同时古流向和碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学分析显示盆地物源来南部的羌塘地块,盆地形成演化受南部褶皱冲断带制约,盆地构造变形强烈,沿褶皱冲断带和羊湖盆地地壳分别发生51％和41％的缩短.沉积充填结构和变形特征表明,羊湖盆地与东段可可西里盆地具有相同的演化历史和性质,预示青藏高原中部在渐新世-中新世在存在一个大的、统一的可可西里盆地.  相似文献   

拉萨地体东南缘始新世早期变质作用及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

林彦蒿  张泽明  董昕 《岩石学报》2013,29(6):1962-1976

本文对位于青藏高原拉萨地体东南缘林芝杂岩中的片麻岩进行了岩石学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究.所研究的样品包括正片麻岩和副片麻岩,它们经历了中压角闪岩相变质作用.岩石地球化学分析结果表明,所研究的正片麻岩的原岩具有钙碱性岛弧岩浆岩的特征.锆石U-Pb年代学分析结果表明,副片麻岩中的碎屑锆石核部为岩浆成因,它们给出的206Pb/238U年龄范围为3012～ 522Ma,其锆石的增生边给出了～51Ma的变质年龄.在正片麻岩中,黑云母片麻岩给出了～67Ma的原岩结晶年龄和～ 55 Ma的变质年龄;石榴石角闪黑云斜长片麻岩给出了～58Ma的原岩结晶年龄和～54Ma的变质年龄.因此,所研究的林芝杂岩并不能代表拉萨地体中的前寒武纪变质基底,而是古生代的沉积岩和晚白垩纪至早新生代的岩浆岩在始新世早期变质而成.这一时期,表壳岩和侵入岩一起经历的中压角闪岩相变质作用很可能跟新特提斯洋俯冲导致的地壳增生、加厚有关.  相似文献   

阿拉善高原近60年的气候变化          下载免费PDF全文

春喜  丹丹  毕力格  刘美萍  刘月  胡和达来 《水文》2013,33(2):43-50

阿拉善高原处于季风边缘区,生态环境极其脆弱,对气候干湿变化的响应极为敏感。利用近60a的逐月气温和降水量资料,采用非参数Mann-Kendall和Mann-whitney阶段性转换检验方法,分析了其变化趋势。结果表明,研究区气温在1988年前后发生突变,在该跃点后的19882010年的平均气温比19551987年要高1℃以上,有明显的增温趋势。而年降水量则无明显的增加趋势,尽管部分站点在1991年前后有微弱的增加迹象,但是区域尺度的降水突变还不存在,气候仍以暖干化为主,暂不能得出气候向暖湿转变的结论。  相似文献   

中国短期气候变化的一个重要原因   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

刘晓东  马柱国 《热带气象学报》1996,(3)

通过数值试验对高原地表反射率变化的气候效应进行了敏感性研究，同时与观测的近４０年中国区域气候变化趋势作了对比分析。结果表明，高原主体地表反射率增加是我国短期气候变化的重要控制因子之一，它能造成东亚夏季风和高原夏季风的显著减弱，使夏季我国东部季风区北方变暖，南方变冷，季风降水普遍减少  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEATING AND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION DURING ACTIVE PERIOD OF 500 hPa HIGH OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU IN SUMMER^*          下载免费PDF全文

Duan Tingyang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,8(1):72-78

In correspondence with the establishment of the "upper high and lower high" pressure pattern due to the activities of 500 hPa high over the Tibetan Plateau in summer,a series of changes of the East Asia atmospheric circulation will take place.In this paper,the distributions of divergence and vertical velocity of 500 hPa high,the evolutions of atmospheric heat source,the variations of vorticity and zonal wind at 100 hPa level and vertical meridional cell over the Tibetan Plateau etc.are statistically analyzed.Thus,we can see that the ascending motion and the convective heating over the Tibetan Plateau,the South Asia high and the westerly jet on the north of the Plateau at 100 hPa level are weakned.The northern branch and the southern branch of the easterly jet on the south of the Plateau merge into a single whole and situate on the south of the former northern branch.In the meantime,thermodynamic land-sea discrepancy in South Asia and the convective heating over the Bay of Bengal is enhanced.It will play an important role in the maintenance of the easterly jet and the South Asia monsoon.  相似文献   

面向空间数据挖掘的MCSs移动和传播影响因素分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

方兆宝  吴立新  林珲  江吉喜  过仲阳 《热带气象学报》2004,20(5):600-604

利用1998年6～8月青藏高原逐时红外遥感云图及青藏高原高分辨率有限区域数值预报值(HLAFS), 运用空间数据挖掘的相关分析技术对青藏高原MCSs的移动和传播与其周围环境场中物理量场之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明:它们东移出高原(105(E)与其东侧在400、500hPa上的高度(H)、涡度(VOR)、散度(DIV)、水汽通量散度(IFVQ)、垂直速度(W)、指数(K)等6个物理量的特征值,以及其自身形状密切相关.这对MCSs的移动和传播这一迄今的难题提供了研究思路和方法,同时对预报高原MCSs东移影响长江中下游地区的强降水也很有帮助.  相似文献