3-D isotropic and anisotropic tomography of P-wave travel times from the Anhui airgun experiment in the Yangtze River          下载免费PDF全文

Xihui Shao  Ying Liu  Xiaofeng Tian  Huajian Yao  Bin Liu 《地震科学（英文版）》2021,34(1):36-46

The Middle-Lower Yangtze River is a typical transition region between the nearly NW-oriented Tethys and NE-trending Pacific tectonic regimes.Structures of different periods and directions overlap strongly during these processes.The NE-trending Yangtze River compound structural belt and NW-trending Tongling-Hangzhou struc-tural belt both control the magmatic activities and distribu-tions of the metallogenic belts in the area.Here,we obtain 3-D high-resolution isotropic and azimuthally anisotropic velocity structures at depths of 1-10 km using the first arrivals from airgun sources.The velocity maps correspond well with the tectonic structures,with high-velocity anomalies distributed in ore-concentrated districts and low-velocity anomalies distributed along the Yangtze River.The fast directions are generally consistent with the fault strike,indicating that the azimuthal anisotropy is mainly dominated by the fault and fracture trends in the upper crust.The complicated fast directions near the Luzong and Tongling ore deposits reveal complex deformations in the upper crust,which are mainly caused by the intersection of the Yangtze River compound and Tongling-Hangzhou structural belts.The magma intrusion beneath the two ore deposits(Luzong and Tongling)are connected at depths of 5-10 km.  相似文献   

江苏沿江化工产业发展对水环境的影响及对策     

朱德明  赵海霞  曲福田 《地域研究与开发》2006,25(1):54-57

当前,江苏沿江地区已成为其经济社会发展的核心区域。文章在着重分析目前江苏沿江化工产业带开发带来的生态环境影响的基础上,提出了加强化工产业的环境管理、推进化工产业与水环境可持续发展的具体措施,最终把沿江化工产业带建设成为可持续发展的示范区、新型工业化的推进区、生态建设的先导区。  相似文献   

下扬子独立地块与中生代改造型残留盆地   总被引：21，自引：7，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

叶舟  马力  梁兴  吴根耀  徐克定  张廷山 《地质科学》2006,41(1):81-101

下扬子地块在古纬度、火山岩和花岗岩时空发育、区域成矿专属性、沉积建造和构造变形等方面具独特性,与扬子地块有显著差异,是一个晚古生代——中生代早期的独立地块。受燕山期苏鲁板间造山作用影响,下扬子地块直至燕山中期才“楔入”在印支期已拼合的扬子与华北地块,从而演化成独特的下扬子改造型残留叠合盆地。这种改造型叠合盆地的基本特点是:晚印支-早燕山同造山期前陆盆地沉积层和上叠的中燕山期陆相沉积层遭受大量剥蚀,并与古生-中生界海相沉积层一起被卷入强烈的多期次的燕山造山运动,晚白垩世——古近纪又强烈反转成为断陷盆地,形成鲜明的上部地壳的双层结构。这是造成下扬子地区海相古生-中生界油气地质勘探高复杂性、高难度性和高风险性的根本原因,也造就了下扬子区海相烃源岩的二次生烃和晚期成藏的优势。  相似文献   

三峡工程运用后长江中下游河道冲刷特征及其影响     

许全喜  董炳江  袁晶  朱玲玲 《湖泊科学》2023,35(2):650-661

三峡及其上游干支流梯级水库建成运用后,大坝下游“清水下泄”引起了长江中下游河道发生长时间、长距离的冲刷。2001—2021年期间宜昌至长江口已累计冲刷了50.3亿m³,需厘清河道冲刷对河势、防洪、航运等方面产生影响。分析表明:三峡工程运用后,长江中下游河势总体稳定,弯道段出现切滩撇弯、汊道段出现塞支强干等现象;河道槽蓄量的持续增加,进一步增大了河道调蓄和行洪能力,但水流顶冲点的变化和近岸河床的冲刷下切,使得河道崩岸频发,并影响河势稳定和防洪安全;在河道冲刷、河势控制与航道工程综合作用下,长江中下游航道条件总体得到改善,但河道不均衡冲刷使得坝下游砂卵石河段出现“坡陡流急”,沙质河段出现洲滩散乱、航槽移位等现象,影响航道条件;同流量下枯水位呈下降态势,逢极枯年份影响长江中下游用水安全;江湖关系发生新变化,“三口”分流道由原淤积转为冲刷,两湖湖区水位不同程度的降低,枯水位出现时间有所提前,不利于湖区水资源和生态环境的安全与可持续发展;三峡工程实施枯水期补水调度和“压咸潮”调度以及长江口北支淤积减缓,对于遏制长江口咸潮入侵有利,入海泥沙显著减少引起长江口近岸河床冲刷,影响...  相似文献   

近百年来长江河口航道拦门沙的形态演变(英文)     

和玉芳  程和琴  陈吉余 《地理学报(英文版)》2013,23(2):219-230

The mouth bar in the Yangtze estuarine waterways has a significant influence on navigational transport within the estuary,flood discharge and construction of the Shanghai Port.In this paper the morphological evolution and mechanisms of mouth bar formation of the Yangtze estuarine waterways are studied by analyzing hundreds of years of historical data and the latest profile maps of some or the main mouth bar channels in the Yangtze Estuary.The results are shown as follows:The mouth bars in the North Branch have moved gradually from outside the mouth to the inside and formed a huge sand bar.In the North Channel,the head of the mouth bar has migrated about 30 kilometers downstream,and a channel bar has been developing since 2001.Two mouth bar tops,which always existed in the North Passage,disappeared in 2010.The head of the mouth bar in the South Passage has migrated downstream about 14 km and the number of tops increased at first but is reduced to only one now.According to the results,we can conclude that the evolution of the mouth bars differs depending on their location.In the North Branch it is directly related to large-scale reclamation in Chongming Island,but in the North Passage it has a close relationship with regulation of the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel.However,the evolution of mouth bars in the North Channel and South Passage is not only connected with the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel Regulation Project,but also with the reclamation in the East Hengsha Shoal and the closure of the Qingcaosha Reservoir.  相似文献   

Genesis of Strata-bound Sulfide Orebodies in the Tongling Polymetallic Mineralization Cluster, SE China: Evidence from Colloform Pyrite     

XU Liang  XIE Qiaoqin  CHEN Tianhu  XU Xiaochun  ZHOU Yuefei  SUN Shaohu  CHEN Ping 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):1849-1859

Colloform pyrite (CPy) is widely distributed in the Tongling mineralization cluster of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Mineralization Belt (MLYRMB), China. There have many debates as to whether such CPy is associated with Late Mesozoic igneous or Carboniferous sedimentation. CPy from the Xinqiao deposit, a representative of the stratabound sulfide deposits in the MLYRMB, was studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that CPy mainly comprises pyrite, pyrrhotite, quartz, and illite. Pyrite in CPy shows cubic, globule, and xenomorphic morphologies. No octahedral or pyritohedron was observed. Most of the quartz crystals display xenomorphic morphology, where pyrite mold are popular on the surface. Organic matter (OM), which is usually bound to illite, is an important component in CPy. Morphological investigations which exhibit detrital features of quartz and clay minerals indicate that they were derived from continental weathering. Specially, some hexagonal pyrrhotite nanoparticles which show mackinawite morphology are coexisted with OM. The results indicate that the transformation process of sulfides possibly is mackinawite (the precursor)—hexagonal pyrrhotite—pyrite. Thus, compositional and micro-textural characteristics of CPy in Xinqiao deposit suggest it to be a sedimentary origin rather than a hydrothermal origin which is associated with Yanshanian magmatism. Moreover, the coexistence of CPy and stratabound sulfide orebodies in the MLYRMB suggests a causal link between the two. It is considered that CPy might have served as a Cu mineralization geochemical barrier for the Cu-bearing ore-forming fluids, which originated from the Mesozoic magma in the MLYRMB.  相似文献   

Major Tectono-thermal Events in the Yangtze Craton: Insights from U-Pb-Lu-Hf Isotope Records in Zircons from End-Permian Volcanic Interlayers in Southwest China     

SHI Zejin  LI Wenjie  ZHANG Jin  TIAN Yaming  WANG Yong  YIN Guan  LUO Qichao 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):2053-2076

The in situ zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope records from end-Permian volcanic interlayers in southwest China, integrated with previous studies, restructure the evolutionary history of the Yangtze Craton from Precambrian to Late Paleozoic. This includes early continental crust formation before ~3.0 Ga and massive juvenile crustal growth at 2.6–2.4 Ga; large-scale crustal reworking at ~2.1–1.7 Ga; Neoproterozoic crust addition at ~1.1 to 0.7 Ga; collision and subduction along the craton margin between ~700–541 Ma; Early Ordovician to Late Silurian magmatism; and large tectono-thermal events in the Middle Carboniferous to end-Permian. Some zircons with TMD2 ages from 4.40 to 4.01 Ga and lower initial 176Hf/177Hf values of 0.280592 to 0.280726 may imply the existence of Hadean crust relics beneath the Yangtze Craton and their provenances could be associated with Hadean crustal remelting. This study further clarifies that the Precambrian-age zircons between the end-Permian volcanic interlayers, the complexes in the western margin of the Yangtze Craton, and the sedimentary Kangdian Basin, may share an affinity based on similar U-Pb age spectra and Hf isotope features. It also shows that the Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event may be associated with large-scale tectono-rifting activity, which is different from the Grenville-age continental collision between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China. The above findings support the inference of a widespread Archean basement extending to the western Yangtze Craton and a provenance in the Kangdian Basin that is derived from the weathering and erosion of Paleoproterozoic continental crust.  相似文献   

The giant tin polymetallic mineralization in southwest China:Integrated geochemical and isotopic constraints and implications for Cretaceous tectonomagmatic event     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(5):1593-1608

The Gejiu-Bozushan-Laojunshan W-Sn polymetallic metallogenic belt(GBLB) in southeast Yunnan Province is an important part of the southwestern Yangtze Block in South China.Tin polymetallic mineralization in this belt includes the Niusipo,Malage,Songshujiao,Laochang and Kafang ore fields in the Gejiu area which are spatially and temporally associated with the Kafang-Laochang and Songshujiao granite plutons.These granites are characterized by variable A/CNK values(mostly 1.1,except for two samples with 1.09),high contents of SiO_2(74.38-76.84 wt.%) and Al_2 O_3(12.46-14.05 wt.%) and variable CaO/Na_2 O ratios(0.2-0.65) as well as high zircon δ~(18)O values(7.74‰-9.86‰),indicative of S-type affinities.These rocks are depleted in Rb,Th,U,Ti,LREE[(La/Yb)N=1.4-20.51],Ba,Nb,Sr,and Ti and display strong negative Eu and Ba anomalies.The rocks possess high Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba ratios,relatively low initial ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios(0.6917-0.7101),and less radiogenic εNd(t)values(-8.0 to-9.1).The zircon grains from these rocks show negative ε_(Hf)(t) values in the range of-3.7 to-9.9 with mean T_(DM2)(Nd) and T_(DM2)(Hf) values of 1.57 Ga and 1.55 Ga.They show initial ~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb ranging from15.69 to 15.71 and ~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb from 18.36 to 18.70.Monazite from Songshujiao granites exhibits higher U and lower Th/U ratios,lower δ~(18)O values and higher ε_(Hf)(t) values than those of the zircon grains in the KafangLaochang granites.The geochemical and isotopic features indicate that the Laochang-Kafang granites originated by partial melting of Mesoproterozoic crustal components including biotite-rich metapelite and metagraywacke,whereas the Songshujiao granites were derived from Mesoproterozoic muscovite-rich metapelite crustal source.Most zircon grains from the Songshujiao,Laochang and Kafang granites have high-U concentrations and their SIMS U-Pb ages show age scatter from 81.6 Ma to 88.6 Ma,80.7 Ma to 86.1 Ma and 82.3 Ma to 87.0 Ma,suggesting formation earlier than the monazite and cassiterite.Monazite SIMS U-Pb ages and Th-Pb ages of three same granite samples are consistent and show yielded 206 Pb/~(238)U ages of 83.7 ± 0.6 Ma,83.7±0.6 Ma,and 83.4±0.6 Ma,and ~(208)Pb/~(232)Th ages of 83.2 ± 0.5 Ma,83.8 ± 0.4 Ma,and 83.5±0.9 Ma,which are within the range of the SIMS zircon U-Pb ages from these rocks.The data constrain the crystallization of the granites at ca.83 Ma.In situ U-Pb dating of two cassiterite samples from the cassiterite-sulfide ore in the Songshujiao ore field and Kafang ore field,and two from the cassiterite-oxide+cassiterite bearing dolomite in the Laochang ore field yielded weighted mean 206 Pb/~(238)U ages of 83.5±0.4 Ma(MSWD=0.6),83.5 ± 0.4 Ma(MSWD=0.5),83.6 ±0.4 Ma(MSWD=0.6) and 83.2 ±0.7 Ma(MSWD=0.6),respectively.Combined with geological characteristics,the new geochronological data indicate that the formation of the granites and Sn polymetallic deposits are coeval.We correlate the magmatic and metallogenic event with lithospheric thinning and asthenosphere upwelling in continental extension setting in relation to the eastward subduction of the Neo-Tethys beneath the Sanjiang tectonic domain during Late Cretaceous.  相似文献   

梯级水库作用下的长江流域水文设计成果修订研究     

徐长江  徐高洪  陈剑池 《水文》2018,38(6):89-95

长江流域水文成果复核选取了48个水文站点作为研究对象,考虑站点上游已建具有较强调节能力的大型水库调蓄影响,对径流、洪水进行还原分析计算以保证系列的一致性,并对径流、洪水设计成果的变化进行对比分析。径流成果分析表明,延长系列后干支流主要控制站点的径流成果较为稳定,多年平均年径流量和各站点20%、50%和75%频率年径流设计值的相对变化均在5%以内;洪水成果分析表明,延长洪水系列后的百年一遇设计洪水成果与前期不同阶段采用成果相比变化不大,基本均在4%以内。  相似文献   

长江流域安徽段2016年暴雨洪水成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张锦堂  李京兵  方泓  顾李华  史俊  朱琼  吴峥 《水文》2017,37(6):91-96

2016年6月18日7月21日,长江流域安徽段发生暴雨洪水,最大3d、7d雨量位居历史第一,重现期大于50年一遇,最大15d雨量位居历史第二,重现期接近50年一遇,至7月5日长江安徽段全线超警戒水位,给长江流域安徽段造成较为严重的洪涝灾害。收集、整理了本次暴雨洪水的资料,对暴雨的过程和成因进行了分析,并结合历史特征年资料进行了比较。结果表明:强降雨、降雨的空间分布以及前期长江底水高是2016年洪水总体水平位居历史第二的主要因素。  相似文献