金厂峪金矿床地质特征及成因探讨     

唐国英 《华东地质学院学报》1987,(1)

本文研究了金厂峪金矿太古代斜长角闪岩中构造岩的特征和分布特点;根据片岩带内存在纯片岩地段、片岩带内有岩墙和两种含金脉体地段所呈现的无对称分带性、岩墙和脉体的接触关系,论述了断裂构造性质、控矿作用、热液充填期次、成矿时代;指出产于斜长角闪岩中的金矿床,并非都形成于太古代,在冀东燕山准地槽内应注意燕山期成矿作用。  相似文献   

燕山地区土城子组划分、时代与盆地性质探讨   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

孙立新  赵凤清  王惠初  谷永昌  冀世平 《地质学报》2007,81(4):445-454

燕山地区土城子组分布广泛,顶底清晰,是本区最具特色的岩石地层单位之一。区域地质对比研究表明,燕山西部土城子组与燕山中东部土城子组在地层、时代上有较大的不同,西部盆地中髫髻山组火山岩不发育或很少发育,土城子组在地层划分上常包含九龙山组或髫髻山期火山岩,时代为中晚侏罗世(J2—J3);东部盆地普遍发育髫髻山组火山岩浆或火山-沉积地层,土城子组划分与层型剖面一致。古生物化石和同位素年龄研究表明:土城子组时限在156~139Ma之间,属于晚侏罗世—早白垩世。土城子期盆地沉积的不对称性,相分布特征,古水流等指示其形成在一个挤压作用下的陆内火山-沉积盆地环境。  相似文献   

Capturing critical behaviour in soil moisture spatio-temporal dynamics     

Antonella Di Domenico  Giovanni Laguardia  Mauro Fiorentino 《Advances in water resources》2007

A physical system is subject to a phase transition process when it shows a discontinuous change of a macroscopic feature of the system under a continuous change of a system’s state variable.  相似文献   

Stochastic assessment of GPS carrier phase measurements for precise static relative positioning   总被引：17，自引：11，他引：17  

J. Wang  C. Satirapod  C. Rizos 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(2):95-104

 Global positioning system (GPS) carrier phase measurements are used in all precise static relative positioning applications. The GPS carrier phase measurements are generally processed using the least-squares method, for which both functional and stochastic models need to be carefully defined. Whilst the functional model for precise GPS positioning is well documented in the literature, realistic stochastic modelling for the GPS carrier phase measurements is still both a controversial topic and a difficult task to accomplish in practice. The common practice of assuming that the raw GPS measurements are statistically independent in space and time, and have the same accuracy, is certainly not realistic. Any mis-specification in the stochastic model will inevitably lead to unreliable positioning results. A stochastic assessment procedure has been developed to take into account the heteroscedastic, space- and time-correlated error structure of the GPS measurements. Test results indicate that the reliability of the estimated positioning results is improved by applying the developed stochastic assessment procedure. In addition, the quality of ambiguity resolution can be more realistically evaluated. Received: 13 February 2001 / Accepted: 3 September 2001  相似文献   

燕山板内造山带中段近东西向中生代右行走滑构造系统   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

张长厚  宋鸿林等 《地球科学》2001,26(5):464-472

阐述了分布燕山板内造山带中段的近东西向中生代右行走滑构造系统的几何学与运动学特征，指出该右行走滑断裂系统由古北口－平泉断裂和密云－喜峰口－锦西断裂两条主干断裂，以及夹于其间的北西向张性断层和张裂脉，北东向压性断层和褶皱等共同组成，近东西向主干断裂具有右行右列“P破裂”结构形式，北西向的张性断层和张裂脉则具有“T破裂”性质，主干断裂与北东向压性断裂和褶皱构成了一幅右行走滑双重构造（strike-slip duplexs)格局，而不是不同期次变形的产物。该走滑断裂系统形成于侏罗纪末一早白垩世初（147－132Ma)，由于它恰好构成了位于辽西的走向北东，向南东逆冲的逆冲推覆构造系统与冀北，冀西北地区北东走向，上盘向北西逆冲的推覆构造的转换和调节部位，所以本文提出了一个右行走滑构造系统的统一构造模式，在该模式中，辽西和冀北，冀西北同时代而运动方向相反的逆冲构造系统分别构成了近东西向右行走滑系统的断盘前缘挤压逆冲构造区，认为惦记山板内造山带总体构造格局的区域构造作用方式是：在总体北西一南东向挤压的一级构造应力场作用下，造山带北部的块体相对于中生代华北地台为主体的块体做向东的右景下，燕山板内造山带可能构成了亚洲东部另一个重要的“挤出构造带”或“逃逸构造域”，这种推测需要得到北部东西向断裂系具有同期左行走滑运动的支持。  相似文献   

燕山式板内造山作用在北京西山的   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵温霞 《地质科技情报》2001,20(2):23-26

尽管在造山模式、成因机制方面存在分歧，但板内造山作用及其表现特征在现阶段业已引起众多学者的关注并进行了深入研究。受到燕山式板内造山带研究思路和成果的启示，经对比研究认为，北京西山地区在大地构造位置、大地构造属性及大地构造演化等方面具有板内造山的特征；逆冲推覆构造、变质核杂岩及独特的区域构造组合样式等构成了该区燕山式板内造山的基本地质构造要素；基于北京西山的地质实践，提出了对用板内造山的观点在该区深入研究若干新方向。  相似文献   

大兴安岭—燕山晚中生代岩浆活动与俯冲作用关系   总被引：67，自引：0，他引：67       下载免费PDF全文

邵济安  刘福田等 《地质学报》2001,75(1):56-63

本文通过对华北的大兴安岭－燕山地区晚中生代火山－深成岩岩石化学、同位素地质学的分析，认为该地区岩浆的形成和演化与板内伸展环境下的底侵作用有关，而与太平洋板块俯冲无直接的成因联系。本文展示了较高分辨率的日本海沟－长白山－蒙古额尔德尼查干的地震层析图像，揭示了太平洋俯冲板片的形态特征；再结合对俯冲时间及俯冲作用与岩浆作用时差的研究，进一步证明板块俯冲与研究区的岩浆活动无直接关系。最后通过底侵作用年代学的研究，将大兴安岭－燕山中生代岩浆活动与层析图象显示的大陆板内软流圈上涌体联系起来。  相似文献   

燕山期中国东部高原下地壳组成初探：埃达克质岩Sr、Nd同位素制约   总被引：56，自引：37，他引：56  

张旗  王焰 《岩石学报》2001,17(4):505-513

大陆地壳组成是地球科学家关注的课题，但困难的是如何确定深部地壳，尤其是下地壳的组成。埃达克质岩的厘定从一个方面有助于这个难题的解决。中国东部“C型”埃达克质岩（adakite-like)的地球化学性质表明其形成的深度大，熔融的温度高，为下地壳中基性麻粒岩部分熔融的产物。因此，可以尝试通过埃达克质岩的地球化学特征来反演下地壳的组成。本文的初步研究表明，中国东部埃达克质岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成有很大的变化，反映埃达克质岩熔融的源区下地壳组成有明显的不同。根据埃达克质岩石的Sr-Nd同位素组成，推测中国东部高原下地壳大体由胶东－大别、北京－辽西和下扬子（长江中下游）3个不同的块体组成。1，胶东－大别区：胶东区的下地壳以富Si,Na2O/K2O低（0．8－1．3）、Isr高（0．709－0．712）、εNd(t)低（－15－－21）和TDM高（1．9－2．1Ga)为特征；大别区的Isr值较低，可能代表了中生代时基底的特征，大体相当于该区下地壳的上限值。2，下扬子区位于扬子地块内，中生代埃达克质岩的Sr初始值，εNd和TDM变化大，说明元古宙的下地壳基底中可能有较多年轻的玄武质岩石底侵加入。相比而言，铜陵区的Isr较高（0．707－0．709）、εNd(t)较低（－11－－16）、TDM高（1．7－2．2Ga)，接近扬子下地壳的特征。3，辽西－北京地区的Sr-Nd高位素组成以低的Isr(0.705-0.707)、变化的εNd(t)(-4--20)和TDM（0．7－2．1Ga)为特征，反映辽西－北京区下地壳组成比较复杂。其中北京－彰武地区的Sr-Nd同位素组成与汉诺坝玄武岩中的麻粒岩包体类似，远高于华北下地壳的εNd(t)值（－32－－44），推测埃达克质岩石并非来自古老的华北太古宙下地壳，而可能是中生代时增生在华北下地壳底部的年轻基性麻粒岩部分熔融形成的。此外，文中还讨论了用埃达克岩反演下地壳组成存在的不足。  相似文献   

Phosphorus oxynitride PON, a silica analogue: structure and compression of the cristobalite-like phase; P –T phase diagram     

J. M. Léger  J. Haines  C. Chateau  G. Bocquillon  M. W. Schmidt  S. Hull  F. Gorelli  A. Lesauze  R. Marchand 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(6):388-398

 The structure of the cristobalite-like polymorph of phosphorus oxynitride PON has been refined using neutron powder diffraction data. It is tetragonal, space group I&4macr;2d, Z=4. The four P–(O,N) distances are equal but the tetrahedron is compressed along c. In AX₂ or ABX₄ compounds, the tetragonal I&4macr;2d or I&4macr; structure is obtained when the average ratio of the cation to anion radius is below 1.186, whereas the tetragonal P4₁2₁2 or orthorhombic C222₁ structure is obtained at low temperatures for larger ratios. The cell parameters of this PON polymorph have been determined as a function of hydrostatic pressure by in situ angle dispersive X-ray powder diffraction in a diamond-anvil cell. Under truly hydrostatic pressure, a strong anisotropic behavior is observed with the c parameter being nearly incompressible. Very slight anisotropic stress strongly modifies the high-pressure behavior. According to the pressure-temperature conditions of treatment, three phases, cristobalite-, moganite-, and quartz-like, have been obtained by quenching experiments, and the P–T phase diagram of PON was derived. The high-pressure behavior of the α-quartz, moganite, and cristobalite-like polymorphs of PON and SiO₂ is discussed. Received: 7 August 2000 / Accepted: 21 January 2001  相似文献   

The crystal and magnetic structure of Li-aegirine LiFe3+Si2O6: a temperature-dependent study     

G. J. Redhammer  G. Roth  W. Paulus  G. André  W. Lottermoser  G. Amthauer  W. Treutmann  B. Koppelhuber-Bitschnau 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(5):337-346

Single crystals of Li-aegirine LiFe³⁺Si₂O₆ were synthesized at 1573?K and 3?GPa, and a polycrystalline sample suitable for neutron diffraction was produced by ceramic sintering at 1223?K. LiFe³⁺Si₂O₆ is monoclinic, space group C2/c, a=9.6641(2)?Å, b= 8.6612(3)?Å, c=5.2924(2)?Å, β=110.12(1)^° at 300?K as refined from powder neutron data. At 229?K Li-aegirine undergoes a phase transition from C2/c to P2₁ /c. This is indicated by strong discontinuities in the temperature variation of the lattice parameters, especially for the monoclinic angle β and by the appearance of Bragg reflections (hkl) with h+k≠2n. In the low-temperature form two non-equivalent Si-sites with 〈SiA–O〉=1.622?Å and 〈SiB–O〉=1.624?Å at 100?K are present. The bridging angles of the SiO₄ tetrahedra O3–O3–O3 are 192.55(8)° and 160.02(9)° at 100?K in the two independent tetrahedral chains in space group P2₁ /c, whereas it is 180.83(9)° at 300?K in the high-temperature C2/c phase, i.e. the chains are nearly fully expanded. Upon the phase transition the Li-coordination changes from six to five. At 100?K four Li–O bond lengths lie within 2.072(4)–2.172(3)?Å, the fifth Li–O bond length is 2.356(4)?Å, whereas the Li–O3?A bond lengths amount to 2.796(4)?Å. From ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements between 80 and 500?K the structural phase transition is characterized by a small discontinuity of the quadrupole splitting. Temperature-dependent neutron powder diffraction experiments show first occurrence of magnetic reflections at 16.5?K in good agreement with the point of inflection in the temperature-dependent magnetization of LiFe³⁺Si₂O₆. Distinct preordering phenomena can be observed up to 35?K. At the magnetic phase transition the unit cell parameters exhibit a pronounced magneto-striction of the lattice. Below T _N Li-aegirine shows a collinear antiferromagnetic structure. From our neutron powder diffraction experiments we extract a collinear antiferromagnetic spin arrangement within the a–c plane.  相似文献