华北陆块南缘燕山期花岗岩带岩浆演化:以小秦岭—外方山地区为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王振强  徐建昌  冯建之  祁冬梅  杨钢  孙卫志 《现代地质》2011,25(6):1032-1046

根据华北陆块南缘小秦岭—外方山地区中生代花岗岩的时空分布特征,将其形成过程划分为160～155 Ma(Ⅰ)、150～125 Ma(Ⅱ)、120～110 Ma(Ⅲ)3个期次,与中国北方大规模岩浆活动期次并不完全一致。这3期花岗岩的地球化学元素演化较为特殊,Ⅰ期花岗岩(南泥湖、上房沟等岩体)与Ⅲ期花岗岩的地球化学特征较为相似,均以异常高的K含量、明显的负Eu异常及重稀土元素分馏较弱或不分馏为主要特征,为A型花岗岩。Ⅱ期花岗岩为偏铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩,富集Rb、Th、U和K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb和Ta等高场强元素,P2O5含量随SiO2含量增加呈递减趋势,为I型花岗岩,大部分样品Sr>300.00×10-6,Y<19.00×10-6,Yb<1.90×10-6,具有埃达克岩的属性。时代由老至新,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ花岗岩呈现出A型—I型—A型的演化规律。Ⅰ期花岗岩形成于挤压构造背景下的局部伸展环境;Ⅱ期花岗岩则形成于华北陆块南缘构造体制转换阶段,是地壳加厚导致的下地壳部分熔融的产物;Ⅲ期花岗岩则是扬子与华北陆块拼合后,板块逐渐稳定,岩石圈发生伸展,下地壳岩石减压熔融形成的。  相似文献   

洮南西部胡力吐—牛栏山一带成矿规律及找矿方向探讨     

姚建民  王科潞  赵在胜 《吉林地质》2011,30(1):37-40

洮南西部地区地质工作程度较高,目前所发现的矿产以铜、铅锌为主,矿床规模均较小。本文通过对以往地质资料的分析和再认识,对该区的成矿规律和找矿方向进行了初步探讨,期望能对以后的地质找矿工作提供有益的帮助。  相似文献   

皖南及邻区燕山期两个类型花岗岩地球化学对比与岩石成因   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

翁望飞  支利庚  蔡连友  徐生发  王邦民 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011,30(4):433-448

皖南周边分布着40余处大小不等的燕山期花岗岩体,依据岩石年龄可划分出2个幕次:一是130～170Ma,平均145Ma,为晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期(J3-K11),以花岗闪长(斑)岩为主;二是109～132.2Ma,平均123.5Ma,为早白垩世中、晚期(K12),岩性为花岗岩。研究表明,J3-K11花岗闪长岩为C型、高钾钙碱性埃达克岩,发育于造山后构造,应力由挤压转变为伸展的转折期,源自印支期加厚地壳部分熔融。而K21幕花岗岩为A2型花岗岩,产生于造山后的构造伸展环境,源自正常安山质地壳在印支期加厚地壳熔融结束之后继续受地幔物质底侵部分熔融。埃达克岩与斑岩铜矿及金、银等矿床成因上密切相关,A型花岗岩富集稀土元素及W、Zr、Nb、Ta、U等。因此加强皖南及邻区埃达克岩和A型花岗岩的研究,可为该地区寻找斑岩铜矿床及稀土、稀有金属等矿床提供一个新的思路和方向。  相似文献   

论晚期共和古湖时代、演化过程及其与地壳运动和黄河发育的关系     

赵希涛  杨艳  贾丽云  胡道功  李维东  张耀玲  林旭 《地球学报》2021,42(4):451-471

青海共和盆地,是青藏高原东北部晚新生代期间形成的北西西—南东东走向构造盆地,由西北部的茶卡小内流盆地,中部非典型的达连海内流盆地和东南部被黄河及其支流深深切割的外流盆地三部分组成.该盆地中充填了上、下两套厚度普遍均在200～300 m间,而最厚部分可达500～600 m的相互叠置的共和组与曲沟组河湖相地层.由这两套湖相地层所重建的古湖被分别称为早期和晚期共和古湖.本文重点讨论的是基于共和组湖相地层而重建的晚期共和古湖.石英热活化法ESR测年结果表明,湖相共和组地层开始形成于(4.31±0.40)Ma之前,持续到(2.58±0.20)Ma/(2.54±0.20)Ma之后的上新世时期.以尕玛羊曲村附近为顶点的黄河扇三角洲相两套均厚逾200 m砾石层中之上砾石层,形成于(3.15±0.30)—(3.07±0.30)Ma之间,其前缘水下三角洲相砾石层为(2.91±0.25)Ma,而来自北部山前的同期洪积砾石层则为(2.97±0.27)Ma,表明晚期共和古湖在(3.07±0.30)Ma与(2.91±0.15)Ma之间的上新世晚期达到其最盛期.此时,湖面高度达到其最大值海拔(3160±10)m左右,古湖是一个面积近7000 km2、深逾300 m的大型外流的淡水深湖.黄河在尕玛羊曲附近注入古湖,并由盆地东北角的尕海以东流出,经唯一通道古多隆河流入贵德古湖.当古湖面上升到超过共和与贵德两盆地的基岩分水岭时,黄河在现今的龙羊峡位置切割出新的河道——龙羊峡,从而导致了早更新世初古多隆河因"截弯取直"而非"溯源侵蚀"被废弃,开始了黄河逐步下切、T21到T16形成与共和古湖逐渐消亡的过程.共和古湖经历了茶卡盆地开始与古湖主体分离,中部湖区与东南部湖区分离、排干和东南部湖区被完全泄空等3个阶段.这一过程是随着中国区域地壳运动性质发生的根本性变化而发生的.此时,共和盆地及邻近盆地,甚至中国第一、二大地势阶梯上的大多数盆地,除银川—河套盆地与汾渭盆地等个别盆地外,都由差异性升降的盆-山运动转为整体性的隆升运动.发生于共和盆地的这一运动,曾被徐叔鹰等命名为"恰卜恰(共和)运动",只是其所指的时代为中更新世晚期.但这一名称被李吉均等改称为"共和运动",作为青藏运动的延续,意指黄河于10或15万年前因该运动而切穿龙羊峡,溯源至共和盆地.作者建议保留原"恰卜恰(共和)运动"的名称与基本含义,而该运动发生时间的争议仍待今后进一步深入研究解决.  相似文献   

灵山岛早白垩世岩浆活动及其大地构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

敖文昊  冯涛  赵燕  翟明国  孙勇 《岩石学报》2018,34(6):1612-1640

灵山岛位于胶东半岛以南约16km处,构造上处于扬子和华北克拉通结合部位——苏鲁造山带东端。早白垩世晚期,灵山岛岩浆活动极为强烈,大量发育流纹岩和火山角砾岩,不整合覆盖于底部碎屑沉积岩层之上;同时,区内广泛发育基性岩墙(辉绿玢岩),沿北东-南西向侵入于碎屑沉积岩地层之中。本文选取流纹岩和辉绿玢岩样品进行了岩石地球化学和年代学研究。结果表明,流纹岩具有富钾(K_2O=4.10%～4.42%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.83%～9.06%)、贫钙(CaO=0.10%～0.46%)、低钛(TiO 2=0.08%～0.09%)、低镁(MgO=0.12%～0.15%)和铁(Fe_2O_3~T=0.79%～0.83%)的特征,属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石系列;岩石稀土总量较低(∑REE=109.0×10~(-6)～128.8×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分异较弱((La/Yb)N=6.42～8.09),Eu显著负异常(δEu=0.27～0.28)。辉绿玢岩SiO_2含量为(51.17%～51.97%),具有富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.01%～6.07%)和高Mg#值(67.6～69.4)的特征,属于钾玄岩系列;岩石稀土总量较高(∑REE=160.6×10~(-6)～173.5×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏较为明显((La/Yb)N=11.1～11.6),显示弱Eu正异常(δEu=1.12～1.18),它们在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素图解和原始地幔标准化微量元素图解上与OIB类似。上述地球化学特征指示流纹岩和辉绿玢岩可能均形成于伸展减压背景下。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,流纹岩和辉绿玢岩的形成时代分别为118±2Ma和109±3Ma,属于早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,流纹岩具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-31.0～-24.5),表明其来源于古老地壳物质部分熔融。辉绿玢岩的岩浆锆石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-31.2～-28.8)和正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(+7.1～+8.1),指示其来源于有深部亏损软流圈地幔物质加入的富集地幔源区。综合本文研究结果和同时期区域构造演化推测,受伊泽奈崎板块和古太平洋板块俯冲方向改变的影响,中生代期间中国东部构造体制发生转变。早白垩世晚期,华北东部处于伸展构造背景,形成了一系列与之对应的超浅成相-喷出相辉绿玢岩岩墙和流纹岩,是燕山运动在胶东地区的地质表现。  相似文献   

青藏高原北部发现印支运动的新证据——来自同构造花岗细晶岩脉的响应     

白国典  何凯  王艳慧  琚根社  杜保峰  王坤 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(1):87-98

在青藏高原北部昆仑山口-甘德断裂与巴颜喀拉山中央断裂之间发育延伸超过100 km的呈雁列排列的花岗细晶岩脉带,这些花岗细晶岩脉走向多为北西向(118°),少量呈南北向(2°)。通过对其宏、微观特征分析研究,并结合在这两组花岗细晶岩脉中分别采获的224.7±0.64 Ma(南北向)与220.5±1.1 Ma(北西向)的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄数据,指出这些花岗细晶岩脉是印支运动的产物,是早印支期可可西里-巴颜喀拉地块向东昆仑地块斜向俯冲过程中,岩浆沿着昆仑山口-甘德北西向冲掩断层下盘(南盘)形成的北西向与南北向两组"X"型共轭剪节理贯入形成的同构造花岗细晶岩脉。两组"X"型共轭剪节理的展布方向揭示了印支运动的主压应力方向,即NNW-SSE向;北西向雁列排列的节理反映其受右行走滑作用控制的特点;花岗细晶岩脉形成的最早时间(224.7±0.64 Ma)代表了这次俯冲走滑事件的时间,也即昆仑山口-甘德断裂的形成时间。  相似文献   

Structural characteristics and evolution of the South Yellow Sea Basin since Indosinian     

《China Geology》2018,1(4):466-476

Based on the seismic data gathered in past years and the correlation between the sea and land areas of the Lower Yangtze Platform, the structural characteristics of the South Yellow Sea Basin since the Indosinian tectonic movement is studied in this paper. Three stages of structural deformation can be distinguished in the South Yellow Sea Basin since the Indosinian. The first stage, Late Indosinian to Early Yanshanian, was dominated by foreland deformation including both the uplifting and subsidence stages under an intensively compressional environment. The second stage, which is called the Huangqiao Event in the middle Yanshanian, was a change for stress fields from compression to extension. While in the third stage (the Sanduo Event) in the Late Himalayan, the basin developed a depression in the Neogene-Quaternary after rifting in the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene. The long-time evolution controlled 3 basin formation stages from a foreland basin, then a fault basin to a final depression basin. In conclusion, since the Indosinian, the South Yellow Sea Basin has experienced compressional fold and thrust, collisional orogen, compressional and tensional pulsation, strike-slip, extensional fault block and inversion structures, compression and convergence. The NE, NEE, nearly EW and NW trending structures developed in the basin. From west to east, the structural trend changed from NEE to near EW to NW. While from north to south, they changed from NEE to near EW with a strong-weak-strong zoning sequence. Vertically, the marine and terrestrial facies basins show a “seesaw” pattern with fold and thrust in the early stages, which is strong in the north and weak in the south and an extensional fault in later stages, which is strong in the north and weak in the south. In the marine facies basin, thrust deformation is more prevailing in the upper structural layer than that in the lower layer. The tectonic mechanism in the South Yellow Sea Basin is mainly affected by the collision between the Yangtze and North China Block, while the stress environment of large-scale strike-slip faults was owing to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. The southern part of the Laoshan uplift is a weak deformation zone as well as a stress release zone, and the Meso-Paleozoic had been weakly reformed in later stages. The southern part of the Laoshan uplift is believed, therefore, to be a promising area for oil and gas exploration.  相似文献   

锡田印支-燕山期复式花岗质岩浆-热液活动时限和物质来源   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏红中  郭春丽  伍式崇  侯可军  张彦 《地质学报》2015,89(10):1853-1872

锡田钨锡多金属矿田位于湘赣两省交界,南岭成矿带的北部。锡田花岗岩体是一个复式岩体。本文利用LA-MC-ICP MS技术对8个样品的锆石进行了原位微区U-Pb定年和Lu-Hf同位素测试,结果显示其中有4个为印支期(226~225Ma)、另外4个为燕山期(166~158Ma)。印支期花岗岩锆石的εHf(t)值为-4.6~-10.8,两阶段模式年龄TDM2值为2011~1534Ma,根据是否呈正态分布可分为7组;燕山期花岗岩锆石的εHf(t)值为-4.3~-10,TDM2值为1896~1429Ma,可分为5组。相似的Hf同位素组成表明两期花岗岩具有同源性,均源自古元古代晚期至中元古代早期地壳物质的部分熔融。而εHf(t)值变化范围较大且分成很多组可能更主要受控于源区Hf同位素的不均一性。此外,本文利用40 Ar-39 Ar定年方法测得花岗岩顶部石英脉和云英岩中4个白(金)云母的年龄为150~148Ma,这期与成矿有关的热液作用应该与最晚一期岩浆活动有关。通过本次获得的定年数据和对已有的成岩成矿定年数据的总结,本文认为锡田岩体可以分为三个期次,印支期(226~225Ma),燕山期第一阶段(166~158Ma)和燕山期第二阶段(151~141Ma)。  相似文献   

The Yanshanian Granites and Associated Mo-Polymetallic Mineralization in the Xiangcheng-Luoji Area of the Sanjiang-Yangtze Conjunction Zone in Southwest China   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

LI Wenchang  YIN Guanghou  YU Haijun  LIU Xuelong 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(6):1742-1756

The Xiangcheng-Luoji area is located in the conjunction of the southern part of the "Sanjiang" mineralization belt and the west margin of Yangtze craton. The geological studies were carried out to know the Indosinian large porphyry Cu polymetallic deposits. Recent studies revealed that the area existed in the superposition of Late Yanshanian acidic intrusive rock belt and developed Mo-Cu polymetallic mineralization where promising exploration results have been achieved. Through the systematic study of geochronology, formation age of the Renlin Mo-minieralization monzogranite is 81.7±1.1 Ma. Re-Os dating results concentrate on 82.34±1.2–88.27±1.23 Ma for the model ages of molbdenite of Tongchanggou Mo deposits, average age is 85 ± 2 Ma where seven data points constitute a good isochron which shows that they were the same period products of mineralization. Geochemical features shown that the rocks have a high content of SiO 2(66.59–77.36wt%), alkaline-rich(K2O=2.68–6.08wt%; Na2O=0.50–4.91wt%; K2O/Na2 O ratios are 0.71–5.56, where average ratio of 1.89) and have aluminum–rich features(Al2O3 10.38–15.15wt%) with σ values less than 3.3. Which indicate that they belong to the high-K calc-alkali to shoshonite series. Geochemistry of Yanshanian intrusions shows that rocks are enrich in LREE with obvious negative δEu anomalies, enrichment of trace elements like, LILE elements(Rb, Th, Ba) with a relative loss of Ba, and loss of high field strength elements(Nb, Ta, P, Ti) and HREE elements. The granite genetic classification diagram shows that the granites belong to A-type granite and formatted in syn-collision tectonic environment. Meanwhile, the Yanshanian granites also inherited the characteristics of island arc environment which formed in the process of crustal melting caused by upwelling of asthenospheric substances in the extensional tectonic background. The process of partial melting existed substances from the deep(lower crust or upper mantle) which have been added. In the Xiangcheng-Luoji area, monzogranite and granodiorite porphyry bodies are widely developed Mo polymetallic mineralization, the deep porphyry mineralization have great potential for geological prospecting.  相似文献   

长乐-南澳构造带燕山期(J-K)TTG岩石组合及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

冯艳芳  姚晓峰  魏友卿  马腾  公凡影  邢光福  张灵芳  孙义伟 《岩石学报》2014,30(11):3315-3333

长乐-南澳构造带火成岩类多年来备受国内外地学界关注和瞩目,但对其构造环境的认识却存在较大分歧.本文通过分析构造带燕山期(J-K)火成岩类的时空分布、岩石学特征及其TTG岩石组合等,讨论厘定构造带的构造性质与岩浆源区.据构造带花岗岩类岩石结构构造特征、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb与LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年,测年结果集中分布于200~191Ma、155~97Ma与84~69Ma三个区间,暗示构造带燕山期(J-K)岩浆活动可以划分为三个阶段:(1)早侏罗世(J₁),以片麻岩类与糜棱岩类为主;(2)晚侏罗世-早白垩世(J₃-K₁),片麻状花岗岩类占优势;(3)晚白垩世(K₂),出现大量的晶洞花岗岩类与脉岩类.采用O'Connor An-Ab-Or标准矿物分类方案识别TTG岩石组合获知,早侏罗世(J₁)与晚侏罗世-早白垩世(J₃-K₁)时,构造带存在TTG岩石组合;晚白垩世(K₂)时,构造带TTG岩石组合消失,发育典型的双峰式火成岩.TTG岩石组合以钙性(C)和中钾钙碱性(MKCA)为主,显示奥长花岗岩演化趋势(Tdj),具大陆边缘弧花岗岩(CAG)的特征,由此可推断长乐-南澳构造带燕山期(J-K)构造性质为主动大陆边缘弧.构造带发育两类成因机制的TTG岩石组合,分别来自不同的岩浆源区:具镁安山质(MA)性质的TTG岩浆来源于玄武质洋壳的脱水融熔,具正常安山质(A)性质的TTG岩浆来源于陆壳底部玄武质岩石的局部熔融.  相似文献