陨石的矿物-岩石学特征及其分类   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王道德  缪秉魁  林杨挺 《极地研究》2005,17(1):45-74

根据陨石的矿物岩石学特征、化学组成及结构可划分为球粒陨石及非球粒陨石质陨石两大类。球粒陨石进一步划分为碳质球粒陨石族(CI,CM,CO,CR,CB,CH,CV及CK球粒陨石)、普通球粒陨石族(H,L,LL球粒陨石)、顽辉石球粒陨石族(EH及EL球粒陨石)、R及K球粒陨石群,而非球粒陨石质陨石进一步划分为原始的无球粒陨石族(Acpulcoites,Lodranites,Wi nonaites,IAB硅酸盐包体及IIICD硅酸盐包体)和分异的陨石族。分异的陨石族包括:无球粒陨石(Angrites,Aubrites,Branchinites,橄辉无球粒陨石,HED灶神星陨石,SNCO火星陨石及月球陨石);石铁陨石(中铁陨石及橄榄陨铁);铁陨石(IAB,IC,IIAB,IIC,IID,IIE,IIIAB,IIICD,IIIE,II IF,IVA及IVB铁陨石化学群)。每一陨石族或陨石群,具有类似的成因或形成历史,并来自同一小行星体或行星体,藉此可建立不同陨石族或陨石群之间的成因联系,并可提供早期太阳星云的物理化学条件及其演化的信息。  相似文献   

Hydrothermal convection in carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies     

Bryan J. Travis  Gerald Schubert 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2005,240(2):234-250

Numerical simulations of the thermal evolution of carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies indicate a period of several million years during which convective motion of water could occur. The present study considers variations of permeability, radiogenic heating, and body radius. The model accounts for the radial variation of gravity within the body, melting of ice, freezing of liquid water, and variable water properties and incorporates a realistic equation of state for water. Some regions of a parent body experience no pore water flow while other regions experience hundreds of pore volumes of liquid water flow. The spatial heterogeneity in pore water flow reflects the convective pattern in the body. Hydrothermal alteration of minerals inside the parent body will accordingly vary greatly with location in the body, and one parent body could be the source of chemically diverse meteorites.  相似文献   

宁强陨石中不透明矿物集合体的氧同位素和成因研究     

王英  徐伟彪  华欣  管云彬 《地球学报》2005,26(Z1):6-9

宁强碳质球粒陨石的球粒和基质中出现大量圆形的不透明矿物集合体。其中的主要矿物为磁铁矿、富镍金属和硫化物，另有少量磷酸盐、硅酸盐及微量的铂族金属。离子探针测定显示：①磁铁矿的氧同位素组成服从质量分馏[斜率为0.51±0.04,Δ17O为（-2.8±0.4)‰],δ18O值在-15.3‰~-1.6‰的较大范围内变化；②球粒中的橄榄石(Δ17O为-5.0‰）与不透明矿物集合体处于氧同位素不平衡状态。不透明矿物集合体是由小行星母体中的蚀变反应产生的，金属铁被氧化为磁铁矿，同时使剩余的金属富集镍。  相似文献   

恩施球粒陨石热历史及原始氩特征     

王松山  桑海清  裘冀 《地质论评》1997,43(3):303-309

H_s型恩施球粒陨石K-Ar年龄为4503±91Ma,~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄为4518±8Ma,总气体年龄为4515±23Ma,等时线年龄为4505±16Ma,年龄的一致性表明该陨石未经受过明显的热扰动,它是我国首次发现的Ar保存年龄高达45亿年以上的陨石。陨石形成早期有过短期的快速冷却。陨石母体在4.66±0.04Ma时破裂。恩施球粒陨石原始捕获(~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar)_t为0.89±0.44,推测4.5Ga前太阳风中~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar近于l。  相似文献   

云南西双版纳曼桂陨石雨调查     

李世杰  罗维均  李博方  李阳 《矿物学报》2020,40(2):176-182

北京时间2018年6月1日21:43左右,在云南西双版纳景洪市的西南有火流星滑过夜空,通过目击者拍摄的视频初步判断又是一次陨石降落,这是继2017年10月4日(农历中秋节)后又一次目击到流星光顾云南省上空。6月2日有消息称在西双版纳勐海县勐遮镇的曼伦村发现了降落的陨石。随后的几天,陆续有很多媒体记者、陨石爱好者和陨石猎人赶往陨石降落地,随即,一场陨石雨呈现出来。截止目前,已经收集到的数据表明这次陨石雨的已知范围约3km×12km,从南东向北西方向以55.3°±2.5°的入射角度降落至地面,先后在曼南、曼光、曼央囡、曼潘、曼么代、曼楷龙、曼庄、曼垒、曼伦、曼迈回、曼朗、曼赛、蔓燕和曼桂村等10余个自然村发现陨石,据不完全统计,陨石数量超过1000个,质量由0.04 g至1280 g,总质量超过50 kg。该陨石雨陨石类型为L6,冲击程度为S4。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of opaque assemblages in the Ningqiang carbonaceous chondrite     

HSU WeiBiao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(6):886-896

Numerous round to oblate opaque assemblages (OAs) are found in chondrules and matrix of the Ningqiang carbonaceous chondrite. They are mainly composed of Ni-rich metal,magnetite,Fe,Ni-sulfides,with minor amounts of phosphate,phosphoran-olivine,pyroxene and trace amounts of nano-sized platinum-group metal alloys. The mineralogy of Ningqiang OAs is very similar to that of OAs previously reported in Ca,Al-rich inclusions of CV chondrites. Being a rare mineral phase in nature,phosphoran-olivine is thought to form by nonequilibrium reactions between P-bearing molten metal and olivine crystals during rapid cooling. Its occurrence in Ningqiang OAs indicates that the precursor of OAs was locally produced during chondrule formation,rather than directly condensed from the solar nebula as previously thought. The petrographic and mineralogical characteristics of Ningqiang OAs reveal that OAs formed by low temperature alterations of pre-existing homogeneous alloys within chondrules on a planetary body.  相似文献   

Characteristics in naturally and experimentally shocked chondrites: A clue to P-T conditions of impacted asteroids     

XIE Xiande  CHEN Ming  DAI Chengda  A. El Goresy 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2000,43(5):480-486

The aim of this study is to compare the experimentally shock-induced features with those in naturally shocked chondrites and to test the feasibility of experimentally calibrating naturally induced features in shocked H- and L-chondrites. Samples of the Jilin chondrite (H5) were experimentally shock-loaded at the following peak pressures: 12, 27, 39, 53, 78, 83, 93 and 133 GPa respectively. Chondritic melts were first obtained at P>78 GPa and more than 60% melting was achieved at P~133 GPa. No high-pressure phases were observed in any of the shocked samples, neither in the deformed nor in the molten regions. Textural relations and mineral assemblages of the shocked samples are comparable to those encountered in the heavily shocked H-chondrite Yanzhuang but differ considerably from those found in heavily shocked L6 chondrites. Shock melt veins in L6 chondrites contain high-pressure polymorphs of olivine and pyroxene and high pressure liquidus phases. Scaling from shock experiments on millimeter-sized samples to natural shock features on kilometer-sized asteroids poses considerable problems in quantifying the P-T conditions during natural shock events on asteroids.  相似文献   

Petrology,phase equilibria modelling,noble gas chronology and thermal constraints of the El Pozo L5 meteorite     

Pedro Corona-Chávez  María del Sol Hernández-Bernal  Pietro Vignola  Rufino Lozano-Santacruz  Juan Julio Morales-Contreras  Margarita Reyes-Salas  Jesús Solé-Viñas  José F. Molina 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2018,78(2):248-253

We present the results of physical properties, petrography, bulk chemistry, mineral compositions, phase relations modelling and Noble gases study of the meteorite El Pozo. The petrography and mineral compositions indicate that the meteorite is an L5 chondrite with a low shock stage of S2-S3. Heterogenous weathering was preferentially along shock structures. Thermobarometric calculations indicate thermal equilibrium conditions between 768?°C and 925?°C at ～4 to 6?kb, which are substantially consistent with the petrological metamorphism type 5. A pseudosection phase diagram is relatively consistent with the mineral assemblage observed and PT conditions calculated. Temperature vs. fO₂ diagram shows that plagioclase compositional stability is very sensitive to Tschermack substitution in orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and X_An plagioclase during the high temperature metamorphic process. Based on noble gases He, Ne, Ar and K contents a cosmogenic exposure age CRE of 1.9?Myr was calculated. The ²¹Ne would be totally cosmogenic, with no primordial Ne. The ²¹Ne/²²Ne value (0.97) is higher than solar value. According to the cosmogenic Ne content, we argue that El Pozo chondrite originally had a pre-atmospheric mass of 9–10?kg, which would have been produced by a later collision after the recognized collision of the L-chondrite parent body ～470?Ma ago.  相似文献   

Rare Earth and High Field‐Strength Elements in the Multani Mitti Clay: A Study Using INAA     

Shahida Waheed  Naila Siddique  Yasir Faiz 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2013,37(2):197-205

Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine nine rare earth elements (REE), Sc and five high field‐strength elements (HFSE) in the Multani Mitti (MM) clay. Chondrite‐normalised rare earth element patterns for the MM clay compared with those for the Post‐Archaean Australian Shale (PAAS), Upper Continental Crust (UCC) and North American Shale Composite (NASC) showed enrichment of light REEs and depletion of heavy REEs with a slight negative Eu anomaly. The Multani Mitti clay showed close resemblance to PAAS and NASC in its average REE and HFSE contents. Positive correlations between La/Ce, La/Sm, La/Yb, Zr/Hf, Th/U and Th/Ta ratios predict enrichment of LREEs, Zr and Th and depletion of HREEs. A parent source of felsic origin for the MM clay is also endorsed through the high La/Th and low Th/Sc ratios observed.  相似文献   

部分格罗夫山陨石的类型划分及其矿物岩石学特征          下载免费PDF全文

李世杰  王世杰刘燊 李雄耀李阳  尚颖丽 《极地研究》2013,25(4):369-377

对99块南极格罗夫山陨石的研究表明这些陨石分别属于普通球粒陨石H群、L群、LL群,橄辉无球粒陨石和碳质球粒陨石。其中普通球粒陨石H3为1块,H4为23块,H5为9块,H6为8块,L4为2块,L5为21块,L6为31块,LL4和LL6分别为一块。GRV 022888为橄榄石-易变辉石无球粒陨石,GRV 023159是一块CV3碳质球粒陨石。这些陨石的冲击程度普遍较高,冲击程度为S4的普通球粒陨石有15块,GRV 023138中出现了冲击熔融现象,该陨石的冲击程度为S5,这些样品为研究小行星早期的冲击作用提供了很好的素材。此外,这些陨石的风化程度普遍较低,风化程度为W1的陨石为75块,未见风化程度高于W4的陨石。  相似文献