基于复杂网络模型的沙尘天气空间交互影响研究-以雅鲁藏布江中游为例     

拉珍  白玛央宗  沈才生  格桑丹增  德庆卓嘎 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2024,18(3):136-142

沙尘天气是雅鲁藏布江中游最主要的灾害,然而对该地区沙尘物质的传输过程及影响范围并不明确。利用2017-2020年冬春季（10月—次年4月）雅鲁藏布江中游的15个气象站逐小时最低能见度数据,采用转移熵方法构建区域沙尘传输矩阵,基于复杂网络理论分析沙尘天气的空间传输及交互影响特征。结果表明,1）雅鲁藏布江中游沙尘天气系统是一个稳健性网络,站点之间的沙尘天气互相影响,说明沙尘可以跨区域输送。2）申扎、南木林和尼木处于沙尘天气空间关联网络的核心,说明这三个地区是研究区的主要沙尘分布区;拉萨和墨竹工卡沙尘天气受其他站点影响程度最小。3）研究区沙尘天气影响时间短。沙尘持续时间以1小时为主,说明以局地起沙为主;3小时持续时间次之,说明个站点之间相互传输;6小时持续时间最少,说明沙尘不能长时间输送。综上所述,雅鲁藏布江中游沙尘天气即有局地供应,又有区域传输,各站点之间相互影响,形成复杂的空间交互网络。因此,为了减少研究区沙尘灾害的影响,应该立足于全面协调协作进行治理。  相似文献   

Aeolian sediment provenance and transport in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River,Tibet Plateau     

Zhengcai Zhang  Pengfei Ma  Zhen La  Yan Zhang  Aimin Liang 《Basin Research》2023,35(2):762-783

Frequent and serious aeolian disasters occur in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, which runs through the high-elevation Tibet Plateau. Sediment geochemical characteristics can be used as a proxy to identify the sediment's provenance. To determine the provenance of aeolian sediments in the river's basin, we analysed major and trace element contents from surface samples and local clastic rocks throughout the basin. We found that the major and trace elements differed between the middle reaches, upper reaches and regions south of the river. Major element contents were similar in the upper and middle reaches, but trace elements differed. Al₂O₃, MgO and Na₂O concentrations increased from the upper reaches to the lower reaches, and in the lower reaches, MgO and Na₂O were enriched compared with the crustal average. The similarities between samples in the lower part of the upper reaches and those in the middle reaches indicated that sediment transported by fluvial systems from the upper reaches were first deposited in the wide valleys near Xigaze, where they formed a large area of shifting sand. These deposits were then transported by the wind to the river's middle reaches, where they formed a large area of shifting sand. When we compared aeolian sediment in the middle reaches with the local clastic rocks, they appeared to be unrelated. The difference between sediments south of the river and those in the middle reaches means that the southern sediments were not transported to the middle reaches. Therefore, the aeolian sediment in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River mainly came from the lower part of the upper reaches, not from the local clastic rocks.  相似文献   

Genetic implications of Zn‐ and Mn‐rich Cr‐spinels in serpentinites of the Tidding Suture Zone,eastern Himalaya,NE India     

Athokpam K. Singh  Rajkumar B. Singh 《Geological Journal》2013,48(1):22-38

Metamorphosed serpentinites of the Tidding Suture Zone (TSZ), eastern Himalaya, contain variably altered Cr‐spinels that are concentrically zoned from high‐Cr, low‐Fe³⁺ spinel at the core to Cr‐magnetite at the rim. Two types of Cr‐spinel have been recognized, based on back‐scattered electron imaging in conjunction with microprobe analytical profiles. Cr‐spinel type‐I is present in the least metamorphosed serpentinite (Cr# = 0.78–0.85, Mg# = 0.38–0.45) and Cr‐spinel type‐II is present in the most highly metamorphosed serpentinite (Cr# = 0.86–0.94, Mg# = 0.10–0.34). Primary igneous compositions are preserved in the type‐I chromites whereas these compositions have been partly or completely obscured by metamorphism and alteration in type‐II grains. The enrichment of Mn and Zn increases from the type‐I (MnO = 1.86–2.42 wt.%, ZnO = 0.77–1.67 wt.%) to type‐II (MnO = 2.72–4.04 wt.%, ZnO = 1.33–3.22 wt.%) and the strong similarity in their distribution patterns implies that these elements were introduced during low‐grade metamorphism and serpentinization. The abundance of Mg‐rich chlorite and serpentine minerals suggest that olivine was the predominant silicate phase before serpentinization. Zn and Mn enrichment in the core zone of the Cr‐spinel is due to the substitution of Mg²⁺ and in part of Fe²⁺, by Zn and Mn. These elements were probably supplied from olivine upon serpentinization during and after obduction of the ophiolitic mélange along the Tidding Suture Zone in the eastern Himalaya, NE India. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献