Analysis of water stable isotopes fingerprinting to inform conservation management: Lake Urema Wetland System,Mozambique     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2014

The present study focusses on the analysis of water stable isotopes to contribute to understanding the hydrology of the Lake Urema wetland system in central Mozambique towards conservation management.Lake Urema Wetland is located in the Gorongosa National Park at the southernmost extent of the East African Rift System and is situated entirely within the Urema catchment. Of particular concern to the park’s management is the understanding of hydrological processes as these may trigger transformations of ecosystems, habitat losses and wildlife migrations. Concerns over the Lake Urema wetland’s drying up and the trapping of sediments in the floodplain have been raised for some time by conservationists.Water samples were collected for stable water isotope analyses during the wet and the dry seasons for the period 2006–2010 from springs, boreholes, rivers, and Lake Urema. In addition monthly composite precipitation was collected at two rain gauges.The results show that Lake Urema is maintained throughout the dry season merely from water generated during the wet season. It receives water from wet season precipitation and the runoff generated from this precipitation. The water source areas of the lake are the Gorongosa Mountain and the Barue Basement geomorphological units. Consequently, the source of the sediments which have been trapped into the lake and the floodplain has to be identified in these two catchment areas and urgent action is required to rescue the lake. This water body constitutes a groundwater buffer system which supports a unique wetland landscape. The annual inundations’ processes leading to the recharge-drainage cycle in the floodplain are most sensitive to the deposition of sediments, changing hydraulic gradients, and reducing wet season inflows and increasing drainage rates.  相似文献   

Fluctuation of Cadmium Load on a Tide‐Influenced Waterfront Lake in the Middle‐Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River          下载免费PDF全文

Hua Wang  Yiyi Zhou  Yong Pang  Xianmin Wang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(10):1402-1408

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Reply to the comment by F. Gharbi on “Multiple dating of varved sediments from Lake Łazduny,northern Poland: Toward an improved chronology for the last 150 years”     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2014

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查干湖湿地水环境演变特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李然然  章光新  魏晓鸿  刘艳  张蕾  孙爽 《地理科学》2014,34(6):762-768

查干湖湿地是吉林西部重要的生态屏障,分析其水环境演变特征,可为保障其水环境安全提供科学依据。利用1982~2011年的水位资料和1985~2011年的水质资料分析其水环境演变特征,采用卡尔森指数法和模糊综合评价法对查干湖湿地进行综合营养状态和水质状况评价。结果显示引松工程通水后湿地水位得以恢复并稳定在129.8~130.3 m;20世纪80年代末湿地水环境大幅改善,水体盐碱化、富营养化、有机污染得以缓解,但2006年以来水质碱化和有机污染加剧,水质由Ⅲ类演变为IV类。现阶段农田退水缓解了主湖区的碱化且暂未加剧其水体富营养化。查干湖水受流域陆源排放、湖泊内源释放及水文情势等多重因素的交互作用,呈以磷素为限制的中营养状态,应控制区域生活污水和畜禽粪便的污染以保护其水环境健康。  相似文献   

洞庭湖区生态承载力系统耦合协调度时空分异   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

熊建新  陈端吕  彭保发  邓素婷  谢雪梅 《地理科学》2014,34(9):1108-1116

不同时空尺度下,生态承载力系统耦合协调度呈现不同差异和变化。在阐述耦合协调发展作用机理的基础上,构建了耦合协调度评价指标体系,利用容量耦合模型对洞庭湖区生态承载力系统耦合协调度进行时空分析。结果表明：① 时序变化上,2001~2012年洞庭湖区生态承载力系统耦合度和耦合协调度变化趋势基本趋同,大致呈现同步稳定上升态势,耦合度均值达0.499,处于拮抗阶段;耦合协调度均值达0.463,处于中度耦合协调阶段;年均增长率上,耦合度达3.35%,大于耦合协调度的3.05%。表明生态承载力内部系统耦合作用和协同效应明显,并且耦合作用的强度大于内部协调性。② 空间分异上,17个县域的耦合度出现了低水平耦合、拮抗阶段和磨合阶段3种状态,3种耦合状态的县域个数和区间变化呈现不同的差异。耦合协调度出现了低度耦合协调、中度耦合协调和高度耦合协调3种状态,其变化状况基本上与耦合度类似,但从协调状态的县域个数和区间变化来看,耦合协调度的变化稍滞后于耦合度的变化,空间分布与耦合度分布特征基本相似,高、低值区的空间分布由西南向东北大致呈现较低-高-低-高-较低的“M”型基本格局。③ 空间组合上,17个县域出现了低耦合低协调区、中耦合低协调区、中耦合中协调区、高耦合中协调区和高耦合高协调区5种空间组合类型,其基本空间格局是,低耦合低协调区集中分布在洞庭湖区中部和西南部,高耦合高协调区则沿京广线、石长线和常岳高速三线呈“三足鼎立”布局,其它不同组合类型则集中于高耦合高协调区外围呈“零星状”分布。  相似文献   

洞庭湖周边地区第四纪红土粒度特征及环境意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

朱丽东  谷喜吉  叶玮  李凤全  金莉丹  陈渠  詹文娟  刘名瑜 《地理科学进展》2014,33(1):13-22

第四纪风成红土广泛分布于中国南方,与北方的黄土同为反映第四纪古环境的重要载体。基于洞庭湖周边地区10 处剖面122 个红土样品的粒度分析,对该区红土沉积特征及其反映的环境意义进行探讨。结果显示：①样品均以粉砂（4~63 μm）为优势粒级,其次为粘粒（<4 μm）,砂含量很少,并富集“风尘基本粒级”（10~50 μm）,含量达33.23%~42.23%,粒度特征与典型的黄土、下蜀黄土、加积型红土样品相似,显著不同于湘潭洪冲积红土,也区别于本区砂岩风化壳红土,表明洞庭湖西、南、东缘丘陵岗地存在风成堆积成因的中亚热带风成加积型红土。② 黄棕色土、网纹黄棕色土、均质红土、网纹红土等4 类样品的粘粒含量由高到低的排序是网纹红土 >均质红土 >网纹黄棕色土>黄棕色土;粉砂含量由高到低的排序正好相反。结合粒度参数推测,黄棕色土发育时期,沉积作用增强,粒度变粗,分选性较好;网纹红土发育时期,沉积作用较弱,风化成壤作用强,细颗粒含量增多,分选性相对较差。这可能反映了洞庭湖地区中更新世至晚更新世冬季风加强,风化减弱的气候变化过程。③ 沿冬季风主导风向（偏北风）,洞庭湖周边地区红土的M_φ、Md值（φ值）自北向南增大（变细）,风成组分（10~63 μm）百分含量随之减少,<2 μm组分百分含量自北向南略有增加。这种趋势提供了组成该地区加积型红土的粉尘由偏北向南传输的风成证据和母质风化程度向南增强的环境信息。  相似文献   

Characteristics of isotope in precipitation,river water and lake water in the Manasarovar basin of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau     

Zhijun Yao  Jian Liu  He-Qing Huang  Xianfang Song  Xiaohui Dong  Xin Liu 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(3):551-556

The stable hydrogen and oxygen of lake, river, rain and snow waters were investigated to understand the water cycle characteristics of the drainage basin of Manasarovar Lake in Tibet. Both δD and δ ¹⁸O of river water are larger than those of lake water and the effect of altitude on both δD and δ ¹⁸O is not very significant. This phenomenon was suggested to occur because Manasarovar basin is located in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau which has low latitude, high altitude, abundant glaciers, thin air and intensive solar radiation, resulting in higher evaporation in lake water.  相似文献   

百年来天山阿克苏河流域麦茨巴赫冰湖演化与冰川洪水灾害   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

沈永平  王国亚  丁永建  苏宏超  毛炜峄  王顺德  Duishen M Mamatkanov 《冰川冻土》2009,31(6):993-1002

阿克苏河源区的冰川融水和冰湖溃决洪水, 对我国境内阿克苏河乃至整个塔里木河的径流补给及下游的防洪安全都有着举足轻重的作用. 萨雷扎兹-库玛拉克河的麦茨巴赫冰川湖(Merzbacher Lake)为众多冰川湖中最大的一个, 同时又是频繁发生突发性溃决洪水的冰湖, 在1932-2008年的67 a内发生溃决突发性洪水62次, 其频率高达92.5 %以上. 随着气温的变暖, 冰川减薄后退, 冰川融水增多、 冰湖库容增加, 洪水总量在不断增大. 冰川洪水的总量已经由1960-1970年代的1×10~8m~3左右, 增加到1990年以来的3×10~8～4×1~8m~3 , 最高达5×1~8m~3 多; 年最大流量1990年代较1950年代增多37%, 洪水频率也在不断增加. 库玛拉克河流域冰川物质平衡变化也对冰湖溃决洪水影响很大, 冰川消融的越多, 产生的冰川洪水洪峰也越大. 随着全球气候进一步变暖, 将会加大下游的防洪压力. 所以, 要加强冰川消融观测及冰湖水位的监测, 建立预警系统, 进行冰湖溃决洪水预报, 为下游的防洪安全和水电安全运行提供科技支持.  相似文献   

High-Resolution Records of the Holocene Paleoenvironmental Variation Reflected by Carbonate and Its Isotopic Compositions in Bosten Lake and Response to Glacial Activities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Chengjun  ZHENG Mianping  Alexander PROKOPENKO  Steffen MISCHKE  GOU Xiaohui  YANG Qili  ZHANG Wanyi  FENG Zhaodong 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(6):1101-1115

Abstract: The Early Holocene paleoclimate in Bosten Lake on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin, southern Xinjiang, is reconstructed through an analysis of a 953 cm long core (BSTC2000) taken from Bosten Lake. Multiple proxies of this core, including the mineral components of carbonate, carbonate content, stable isotopic compositions of carbonate, Ca/Sr, TOC and C/N and C/S of organic matter, are used to reconstruct the climatic change since 8500 a B.P. The chronology model is made by nine AMS 14C ages of leaves, seeds and organic matter contained in two parallel cores. The climate was cold and wet during 8500 to 8100 a B.P. Temperature increased from 8100 to 6400 a B.P., the climate was warm and humid, and the lake expanded. The lake level was highest during this stage. Then from 6400 to 5100 a B.P., the climate became cold and the lake level decreased slightly. During the late mid-Holocene, the climate was hot and dry from 5100 to 3100 a B.P., but there was a short cold period during 4400 to 3800 a B.P. At this temporal interval, a mass of ice and snow melting water supplied the lake at the early time and made the lake level rise. The second highest lake level stage occurred during 5200 to 3800 a B.P. The climate was cool and wet during 3100 to 2200 a B.P., when the lake expanded with decreasing evaporation. The lake had the last short-term high level during 3100 to 2800 a B.P. After this short high lake level period, the lake shrank because of the long-term lower temperature and reduced water supply. From 2200 to 1200 a B.P., the climate was hot and dry, and the lake shrank greatly. Although the temperature decreased somewhat from 1200 a B.P. to the present, the climate was warm and dry. The lake level began to rise a little again, but it did not reach the river bed altitude of the Konqi River, an outflow river of the Bosten Lake.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地东部台特玛湖近25.0ka BP以来气候与环境变化     

钟巍  吐尔逊  克依木  舒强  王立国 《干旱区地理》2005,28(2):183-187

由南疆罗布泊地区台特玛湖沉积物多种地质记录的综合分析表明,近25．0kaBP以来此地区气候与环境演化的过程和特征与新疆其它地区基本一致。多手段的综合研究,揭示了近25．0kaBP以来台特玛湖气候与环境的变化经历了7次相对暖干、5次相对冷湿和1次相对暖湿变化,而且全新世期间历次的气候变化与具有高分辨率的敦德冰芯记录以及北半球气候变化的过程上基本一致,所记录的气候与环境演化过程呈现出明显的西风型环境演变特征。唯一在7．0～6．0kaBP期间出现的相对暖湿的环境特征应该是真正意义上的全新世大暖期最盛期的体现,可能与此时增强的西南夏季风势力影响到本地区有关。  相似文献