Geology of the High Sulfidation Copper Deposits,Monywa Mine,Myanmar     

Andrew H. G. Mitchell  Win Myint  Kyi Lynn  Myint Thein Htay  Maw Oo  Thein Zaw 《Resource Geology》2011,61(1):1-29

The 50 km² Monywa copper district lies near the Chindwin River within the northward continuation of the Sunda‐Andaman magmatic arc through western Myanmar. There are four deposits; Sabetaung, Sabetaung South, Kyisintaung, and the much larger Letpadaung 7 km to the southeast. Following exploration drilling which began in 1959, production of copper concentrates from a small open pit started at Sabetaung in 1983. Since 1997, when resources totaled 7 million tonnes contained copper in 2 billion tonnes ore, a heap leach–electro‐winning operation has produced over 400,000 t copper cathode from Sabetaung and Sabetaung South. Ore is hosted by mid‐Miocene andesite or dacite porphyry intrusions, and by early mid‐Miocene sandstone and overlying volcaniclastics including eruptive diatreme facies which the porphyries intrude. District‐wide rhyolite dykes and domes with marginal breccias probably post‐date andesite porphyries in the mine area and lack ore‐grade copper. Host rocks to mineralization are altered to phyllic and advanced argillic hydrothermal assemblages within an outer chlorite zone; hypogene alunite is most abundant at Letpadaung and Kyisintaung. Most mineralization is structurally‐controlled with digenite‐chalcocite in breccia dykes, in steeply dipping NE‐trending sheeted veins, and in stockwork and low‐angle sulfide veins. A high‐grade pipe at Sabetaung grades up to 30% Cu, and much of the ore at Sabetaung South is in a NE‐trending zone of mega‐breccia and stockworked sandstone. The hydrothermal alteration, together with replacement quartz, alunite and barite in breccia dykes and veins, the virtual absence of vein quartz, and the presence of chalcopyrite and bornite only as rare veins and as inclusions within the abundant pyrite, indicate that the deposits are high sulfidation. Regional uplift, resistance to erosion and leaching of the altered and mineralized rocks have resulted in porous limonite‐stained leached caps over 200 m thick forming the Letpadaung and Kyisintaung hills. The barren caps pass abruptly downwards at the water table into the highest grade ore at the top of the supergene enrichment zone, within which copper grade, supergene kaolinite and cubic alunite decrease, and pyrite increases with depth; in contrast, marcasite is mostly shallow. Much of the copper to depths exceeding 200 m below the water table occurs as supergene digenite‐chalcocite and minor covellite. Disseminated chalcocite is mostly near‐surface and hence almost certainly supergene. We infer that during prolonged uplift at all four deposits, oxidation of residual pyrite at the water table generated enough acid to leach all the copper from earlier supergene‐enriched ore; below the water table the resulting acid sulfate solutions partly replaced enargite, covellite, chalcopyrite, bornite and pyrite with supergene chalcocite. Undeformed upward‐fining cross‐bedded conglomerates and sands of the ancestral Chindwin River floodplain overlie the margins of the Sabetaung deposits, form a major aquifer up to 40 m thick, and are a potential host for exotic copper mineralization. A mid‐Miocene pluton is inferred to underlie the Monywa deposits, but the possibility of porphyry‐type mineralization within the district is at best highly speculative.  相似文献   

离子对色谱法同时测定水中多种氯代酸性除草剂     

李晓亚  桂建业  张莉  张永涛  李科 《岩矿测试》2011,30(3):349-352

建立了离子对色谱法同时测定水中DCPA二元酸、4-硝基苯酚、麦草畏、苯达松、2,4-二氯苯乙酸、2-甲基-4-氯苯氧乙酸(MCPA)、2-(4-氯苯氧基-2甲基)丙酸(MCPP)、3,5-二氯苯甲酸、2,4-滴丙酸9种氯代酸性除草剂。通过加入离子对试剂使多种极性强、保留弱的酸性除草剂在普通的反相色谱柱上同时分离。采用Shim-pack VP-ODS色谱柱,流动相为V(1-辛烷三乙磷酸铵溶液)∶V(乙腈)∶V(甲醇)=6∶3∶1,流速1.8 mL/min,不同组分全流程方法检出限范围为0.03~0.15μg/L,相对标准偏差在10%以下。建立的方法可将9种除草剂完全分离,与高效液相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法相比,具有操作简单、分离效果好、回收率高、干扰少的优点,能够满足不同水质的检测要求。  相似文献   

四合堂剪切带活动时代及其对燕山运动B幕时间的限定   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈印  朱光  姜大志  张必龙 《地质学报》2013,87(3):295-310

翁文灏以燕山为标准地区创名的中生代"燕山运动",现今人们将其分为A幕与B幕,各自对应着区域性角度不整合,但发生的准确时间一直无法确定。燕山构造带中段的云蒙山地区,发育了著名的四合堂逆冲型韧性剪切带,是燕山运动B幕的产物。该韧性剪切带出现在早白垩世初云蒙山复式岩体的北部边缘,上盘向南南西运动,周边的变质基底、中—新元古代盖层及晚侏罗世与早白垩世初期岩体一同卷入了变形。剪切带内及周边发育了大量同构造岩脉,可区分出早、中、晚3个阶段,对应着剪切带活动早、中、晚阶段。本次工作中分别从早、中、晚3阶段同构造岩脉中获得了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄,分别为143.0±2.1Ma、140.8±1.4Ma和137.5±2.4Ma。这可靠地指示了四合堂韧性剪切带的活动时间为143～138Ma。这也表明,以逆冲活动为特征的燕山运动B幕(尤其是燕山造山带中段)发生的时间就是143～138Ma。这一结果与近年来该B幕事件角度不整合之上、下地层中所获得火山岩锆石年龄相吻合。  相似文献   

1.2 Ga Mafic dyke near York,southwestern Yilgarn Craton,Western Australia     

R. T. Pidgeon  A. A. Nemchin 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):751-755

A SHRIMP ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb zircon age of 1204 ± 10 Ma is reported for an east west trending dolerite dyke from near York in the southwestern Yilgarn Craton. This age is identical within analytical uncertainty to previously reported ages of ca 1210 Ma for dykes from the central Wheatbelt and the Western and Eastern Goldfields. The consistency of the dyke ages and the wide areal extent of the dykes suggests that emplacement occurred as a single magmatic pulse at ca 1210 Ma throughout the southwestern Yilgarn Craton. The similarities between the age of the dykes and the ages of late events in the Albany Fraser Orogeny, and the approximate parallelism of the east west trending dykes to the margin of the orogen, raises the possibility that these events are related.  相似文献   

Editor's note     

J. A. Hallberg 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1):135-136

Postcratonization intrusions in the Yilgarn Block of Western Australia are predominantly dykes with high length/width ratios and sharp contacts with minimal thermal metamorphism of country rock. Dyke frequency and number of relative age relationships increase towards the exposed margins of the Yilgarn Block. Dykes in the northern, southern and western margins of the Yilgarn Block are mafic, ranging from gabbro to magnetite‐rich leucodolerite, and have apparently been intruded over a long time interval in response to periodic reactivation of the tectonically active craton margins. Dykes in the central Yilgarn Block range from porphyritic olivine picrite to magnetite‐rich quartz dolerite and display a spectrum of chemical compositions with an overall trend of tholeiitic iron‐enrichment. The concentration of both Archaean and Proterozoic rocks of high‐Mg nature in the central Yilgarn Block is suggestive of a fundamental control, perhaps in the mantle source area, and also indicates that ultramafic magmas were generated in the area over an extensive time interval. Dykes in the central Yilgarn Block were emplaced in tensional fractures from the Late Archaean until the culmination of a major marginal crust‐forming event at about 2000 Ma. On the basis of the limited data available, the dykes are similar to poststabilization swarms in other cratonic nucleii.  相似文献   

U-Pb Zircon Age,Geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopic Constraints on the Age and Origin of Mafic Dykes from Eastern Shandong Province,Eastern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Shen  HU Ruizhong  FENG Caixi  GAO Shan  FENG Guangying  LAI Shaocong  QI Youqiang  Ian M. COULSON  YANG Yuhong  YANG Chaogui  and TANG Liang 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(4):1045-1057

U-Pb zircon age, geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of mafic dykes from eastern Shandong Province, eastern China is reported herein. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon analyses of two samples from the investigated mafic dykes yield consistent ages ranging from 121.9 Ma ± 0.47 Ma to 122.9 Ma ± 0.61 Ma. The mafic dykes are characterized by high (87Sr/86Sr) i ranging from 0.7087 to 0.7089, low εNd(t) values ranging from -16.9 to -17.8, 206Pb/204Pb = 17.15 to 17.17, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.45 to 15.47, and 208Pb/204Pb = 37.59 to 37.68. Results from the current study suggest that the mafic dykes are derived from partial melting of ancient lithospheric mantle that was variably hybridized by melts derived from foundered lower crustal eclogite. The mafic dykes may have been generated through subsequent insignificant crystal fractionation and very minor crustal contamination during magma ascent. Combined with previous studies, the current findings provide new evidence that the intense lithospheric thinning beneath the eastern Shandong Province of eastern China occurred at ~120 Ma, and that this condition was caused by the removal of the lower lithosphere (mantle and lower crust).  相似文献   

川西康定—丹巴地区新元古代基性岩墙成因及源区性质   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

林广春  董俊超 《中国地质》2013,40(6):1793-1805

提要：扬子地块西缘新元古代岩浆岩分布广泛,目前对其成因和构造背景的认识还存在很大争议。本文报道了川西康滇裂谷北段康定—丹巴地区新元古代基性岩墙的岩石学、元素地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素特征,探讨其岩石成因、岩浆源区性质和岩浆熔融深度。结果表明岩石样品属拉斑系列,形成于板内裂谷环境,岩浆在上升侵位过程中受到了初生岛弧地壳物质不同程度的混染。岩浆起源于亏损地幔源区,是尖晶石地幔橄榄岩部分熔融的产物,很可能与导致Rodinia超级大陆裂解的新元古代地幔柱事件有关。  相似文献   

华北-西伯利亚板块对接带早白垩纪的裂解: 来自西拉木伦断裂带中性岩墙群的锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学证据   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李益龙  周汉文  钟增球  尹淑苹  李福林 《地球科学》2010,35(6):921-932

在内蒙古林西县西拉木伦断裂带内发育规模较大的中性岩墙群, 岩墙多呈NE3°~5°近直立侵入.对岩石进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和详细的岩石地球化学特征研究.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为132.2±2.2Ma, 岩石侵位于早白垩世.岩石地球化学特征显示岩石具有高钾钙碱性系列-钾玄岩系列的过渡特征, 形成于板内拉张环境, 岩浆源区具有壳幔混源的特征, 是早期俯冲洋壳遭受幔源岩浆底侵作用的结果.岩墙的产状受左旋剪切机制控制, 该机制可能主要与太平洋板块相对亚洲板块的向北运动有关.   相似文献   

南秦岭石泉北部将军河地区中酸性岩脉锆石U-Pb 年代学及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

段少帅  焦建刚  罗德智  黄喜峰  王硕  陈炳龙 《地质学报》2017,91(4):748-761

南秦岭石泉北部中酸性岩脉发育,大部分岩脉与地层之间为构造接触关系,其形成时代及与区域金矿化的关系一直存在疑问。本研究采集石泉北部将军河地区中酸性岩脉13件,通过详细野外观察与室内鉴定,确定岩脉的岩性主要为闪长岩类。主量元素分析数据表明闪长岩的SiO_2含量为53.19%~68.48%,铝饱和指数A/CNK值为0.67~1.28,里特曼指数σ值介于1.4~2.93之间;微量元素分析数据表明中酸性闪长岩脉的稀土总量较低(ΣREE=44.54×10~(-6)~253.23×10~(-6)),REE球粒陨石标准化图呈轻、重稀土高度分馏的右倾型(HREE/LREE=6.15~14.87,(La/Yb)_N=5.97~38.67),具有弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.68~0.88);微量元素蛛网图显示富集大离子亲石元素(Ba、K、Sr)与高场强元素(Zr、Hf),相对亏损高场强元素(HREE、Ti、P、Th),岩脉可能来自于与消减作用有关的下地壳物质重熔。闪长岩脉的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为771.9±3.4Ma,与汉南杂岩、安康北部的凤凰山内新元古代的岩浆活动具有同步性,指示区域伸展裂解的构造背景。根据野外填图推测南秦岭石泉北部将军河地区新元古代的岩脉对金矿的形成没有直接关系。  相似文献   

长江三角洲城市群区域滨海湿地利用时空变化特征   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

王毅杰  俞慎 《湿地科学》2012,10(2):129-135

应用遥感和地理信息系统技术,以研究区遥感影像为主要数据源,研究了1990～2000年和2000～2005年间长江三角洲城市群区域围海造地行为下滨海湿地利用的时空演变特征。围海造地在不同城市化发展时期分别为农业用地和建设用地扩张所需。以海岸线为基准,通过分别向陆地和向海洋方向进行滨海湿地分区,每个方向设立7个缓冲带,靠近海岸线的前6个缓冲带宽1km,第7个缓冲带宽10km。结果表明,1990～2000年期间,围海造地以农业用地扩张为主,其平均年扩张速率为48.9km2/a,明显大于建设用地的平均年扩张速率(28.2km2/a);而2000～2005年期间,建设用地成为围海造地的主要目的,建设用地平均年扩张速率大幅增大至91.8km2/a,而农业用地平均年扩张率仅为4.2km2/a。在空间分布上,1990～2000年期间,农业用地平均年扩张百分率最大值出现在距海岸线5km的陆地缓冲区;但在2000～2005年期间,各陆地缓冲区农业用地面积在减少,其平均年扩张百分率为-1.3%/a;而建设用地在各缓冲区的平均年扩张百分率由1990～2000年期间的0.62%/a增大为2000～2005年期间的2.66%/a。对长江三角洲滨海湿地土地流转驱动力的分析表明,城市化是建设用地扩张的重要驱动力;一些天然滨海湿地直接转变为建设用地,两个时期建设用地净扩张区域相同,即距海岸线1～3km和>6km陆地缓冲带;还有一些天然滨海湿地,如滩涂,被用于水产养殖,而转变为人工湿地,在1990～2000年期间,农业用地的扩张区域是距海岸线4～6km的陆地缓冲带,在2000～2005年期间,农业用地的扩张区域是1～3km的近海缓冲带。  相似文献