An 'outside-in' outburst of Aql X–1     

T. Shahbaz  R. M. Bandyopadhyay  P. A. Charles  R. M. Wagner  P. Muhli  P. Hakala  J. Casares  & J. Greenhill 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,300(4):1035-1040

We present optical spectroscopy and optical and infrared photometry of the neutron star soft X-ray transient Aql X–1 during its X-ray outburst of 1997 August. By modelling the X-ray, optical and IR light curves, we find a 3-d delay between the IR and X-ray rise times, analogous to the UV–optical delay seen in dwarf novae outbursts and black hole X-ray transients. We interpret this delay as the signature of an 'outside-in' outburst, in which a thermal instability in the outer disc propagates inward. This outburst is the first of this type definitively identified in a neutron star X-ray transient.  相似文献   

The expulsion and retention of dust grains by galactic discs     

J. I. Davies  P. Alton  S. Bianchi  & M. Trewhella 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,300(4):1006-1014

We have constructed a numerical model of a galaxy that consists of a stellar, gas and dust disc imbedded within a dark halo. We have used this model to assess the radiation, gravitational and viscous forces on dust grains and to trace their motion through the interstellar medium over a period of 10⁹ yr. We conclude that the disc opacity is a crucial factor in understanding the motion of the grains. Large grains (≈0.1 μm) with low disc opacity will lead to dust expulsion from the stellar disc, while high opacity leads to dust retention. Reasonable disc opacities lead to the recycling of the larger grains from the outer to the inner regions of the galaxy. The larger grains travel at higher velocities than small grains (0.01−0.001 μm), and so the smaller grains remain relatively close to their formation sites. Dust can 'leak' out over the entire surface of the disc because of the imbalance of radiation and gravitational forces. The dust is dynamically coupled to the gas and so although the gas lags behind the dust it is carried along with it. This explains the close correlation between the far-infrared emission from dust and the gas column density. We use a simple analytical model to show how the dust mass of a galaxy may evolve with time and how a significant fraction (90 per cent) of the total dust mass produced may have been expelled into the intergalactic medium.  相似文献   

Numerical simulations of protostellar encounters — II. Coplanar disc–disc encounters     

S. J. Watkins  A. S. Bhattal  H. M. J. Boffin  N. Francis  & A. P. Whitworth 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,300(4):1205-1213

It is expected that an average protostar will undergo at least one impulsive interaction with a neighbouring protostar whilst a large fraction of its mass is still in a massive, extended disc. Such interactions must have a significant impact upon the evolution of the protostars and their discs.   We have carried out a series of simulations of coplanar encounters between two stars, each possessing a massive circumstellar disc, using an SPH code that models gravitational, hydrodynamic and viscous forces. We find that during a coplanar encounter, disc material is swept up into a shock layer between the two interacting stars, and the layer then fragments to produce new protostellar condensations. The truncated remains of the discs may subsequently fragment; and the outer regions of the discs may be thrown off to form circumbinary disc-like structures around the stars. Thus coplanar disc–disc encounters lead efficiently to the formation of multiple star systems and small- N clusters, including substellar objects.  相似文献   

Line emission from accretion discs around black holes: the analytic approach     

Andrej ?ade?  Claudio Fanton  Massimo Calvani 《New Astronomy》1998,3(8):528-654

The broad X-ray iron line observed in many active galactic nuclei spectra is thought to originate from the accretion disc surrounding the putative supermassive black hole. We show here how to perform the analytical integration of the geodesic equations that describe the photon trajectories in the general case of a rotating black hole (Kerr metric), in order to write a fast and efficient numerical code for modelling emission line profiles from accretion discs.  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠石油公路沿线风沙活动的气候环境   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

温向乐  韩致文 《中国沙漠》1998,18(1):77-80

塔克拉玛干沙漠石油公路沿线风沙活动是由塔木盆地内热能释放与冷空气入侵相互作用的结果。冷期,盆地内冷高压逆温作用较强,地面热能不足,使得风力和风沙活动强度弱;暖期,盆地内热源剧增,每当热能源饱和遇到冷空气入侵诱导,导致了强风及强风沙活动天气。可见,区内风沙活动及风成景观的塑造过程,主要是在暖干期进行的。  相似文献   

火山活动与沉积盆地的形成和演化   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

郭占谦 《地球科学》1998,23(1):59-64

我国大陆地壳进入中生代以来,发生了较其他陆壳更为强烈的构造运动,印支,燕山,喜马拉雅运动都是发生在我国大陆地壳以裂陷作用为主的典型运动,在中生代板块构造的特定时代和以裂陷作用主主的构造运动作用下,岩浆活动沿断穿骨石圈和地壳的深断裂发生,上涌至地壳地面形成火山岩带和地层格架中的火山岩层,上涌至地壳内部形成壳内流体相央浆房而成为高导层,火山活动是由中生代生成的太平洋板块和我国大陆地壳俯冲,使大陆地壳深  相似文献   

闽,浙,赣晚前寒武纪构造格局探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邓家瑞  张志平 《地质论评》1998,44(6):561-567

华南前寒武纪构造格架在长期中不断取得进展。通过闽、浙、赣地区前寒武纪建造、构造综合分析研究：浙西－赣东北地区中元古代晚期为华夏古陆的活动陆缘;武陵运动是华南是重要的造山运动,华夏古陆与扬子板块在赣东北断裂带一线碰撞,形成了统一的“华南古大陆”;新元古代由于区域地质条件不同,各地块碰撞后的构造演化存有明显的差异;新元古代本区主要由华南新元古代早期大陆碰撞带和闽西南－赣南裂陷槽组成。  相似文献   

额尔古纳造山带构造演化与成矿作用   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18       下载免费PDF全文

徐贵忠  边千韬 《地质科学》1998,33(1):84-92

额尔古纳造山带属加里东期造山带。因该造山带发育了一系列燕山期铜多金属矿床,并且它位于着名的得尔布干深断裂带的西北侧,故也称为得尔布干成矿带。额尔古纳造山带属西伯利亚板块东南缘加里东期陆缘增生带。形成之后又经历了多期构造运动的改造,特别是燕山期沿得尔布干等北东向深断裂发生了大陆裂谷作用和强烈构造岩浆活动,使之最终形成了一系列不同类型的铜钼矿床和银多金属矿床。这些矿床在空间上构成“三层楼”结构。本文阐明了额尔古纳造山带成矿作用的重要地质因素,表明成矿作用是多期复杂地质构造作用的综合结果。  相似文献   

滇西地区小地震群特征     

龙晓帆  王绍晋  陈立德  张喜玲  陈燕  罗淑进 《华北地震科学》1998,16(1):30-35

根据滇西地区（23°．8－28°N;97°．0－101°．5E）1966年1月－1996年7月89个ML≤4．7的小地震震群资料分别总结出滇西地区H,K,U,η,b,△M参数的判别指标和地区特征。着重讨论了小地震震群与云南及邻区中强震关系,以及综合利用上述参数尝试预报未来中强震。  相似文献   

包头西6.4级地震前地球物理场特征的研究     

马锦琳  马桂芳 《华北地震科学》1998,16(1):61-67

通过对包头６．４级地震前较大范围前兆资料的研究,认为一个强烈地震在发生之前,围绕震中区不同区域内,将出现具有不同特点的前兆场异常群。其近场（Δ≤１００ｋｍ）的主要特征是具有较长时间尺度的趋势性异常;中场（１００ｋｍ〈Δ≤２００ｋｍ）的主要特征是趋势和突发性异常并重;而远场（Δ〉２００ｋｍ）则一般无趋势性异常,只有急剧变化的短临异常。  相似文献