土石混合体的研究现状及研究展望   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

廖秋林  李晓  郝钊  王思敬  吴旻硕  赫建明 《工程地质学报》2006,14(6):800-807

土石混合体是不同于岩体与土体的一种地质材料,其物理力学特性的研究越来越受到工程界关注。本文首先介绍了土石混合体概念的提出,并以土石混合体在我国的广泛分布特点与工程中的诸多实际问题阐述了其研究具有重要的工程价值与理论意义。另一方面,通过大量与土石混合体相关的文献检索与分析,本文从力学试验、几何结构研究和数值模拟等不同方面总结了近年来土石混合体研究的成果,指出结构效应是土石混合体重要而又特有的一个特征,其几何结构模型与数值模拟的研究也取得了许多重要而有价值的成果。最后,针对土石混合体研究中仍存在的不足,本文展望并探讨了土石混合体今后的研究方向,提出了地质成因与物质组成结构特征、水与土石混合体的耦合作用、土石混合体三维数值模拟研究、以及土石混合体力学参数快速确定方法等4个方面的研究内容与研究思路。  相似文献   

Parallel computation of seismic analysis of high arch dam   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈厚群  马怀发  涂劲  成广庆  唐菊珍 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(1):1-11

Parallel computation programs are developed for three-dimensional meso-mechanics analysis of fully-graded dam concrete and seismic response analysis of high arch dams （ADs）, based on the Parallel Finite Element Program Generator （PFEPG）. The computational algorithms of the numerical simulation of the meso-structure of concrete specimens were studied. Taking into account damage evolution, static preload, strain rate effect, and the heterogeneity of the meso-structure of dam concrete, the fracture processes of damage evolution and configuration of the cracks can be directly simulated. In the seismic response analysis of ADs, all the following factors are involved, such as the nonlinear contact due to the opening and slipping of the contraction joints, energy dispersion of the far-field foundation, dynamic interactions of the dam-foundation- reservoir system, and the combining effects of seismic action with all static loads. The correctness, reliability and efficiency of the two parallel computational programs are verified with practical illustrations.  相似文献   

低剂量水泥稳定粒料基本性能   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张玉宏  王松根  李昶 《岩土力学》2005,26(11):1853-1856

我国长久以来使用的半刚性基层发展到今天已广泛采用水泥稳定粒料基层,低剂量水泥稳定粒料基层与此类似但减少了水泥用量,从经济上和防止反射裂缝两个方面改善了水泥稳定粒料基层的性能。首先从级配角度出发,分析了级配对水泥稳定粒料强度的影响,规定了各级级配的控制点。然后从水泥稳定粒料基层强度与水泥用量的关系出发,按相同的集料级配,针对不同的水泥用量绘制了其最大干密度和含水量的关系曲线。最后按抗压强度和CBR值对比了不同水泥剂量间及与级配碎石的强度变化情况,验证了低剂量水泥稳定碎石基层应用的可能性。  相似文献   

Capability of Paraguaçu estuary (Todos os Santos Bay,Brazil) to form oil–SPM aggregates (OSA) and their ecotoxicological effects on pelagic and benthic organisms     

Mariana C. Rios  Ícaro T.A. Moreira  Olívia M.C. Oliveira  Taís S. Pereira  Marcos de Almeida  Maria Clara L.F. Trindade  Leonardo Menezes  Alex. S. Caldas 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):364-371

For experiments concerning the formation of oil–suspended particulate matter (SPM) aggregates (OSA), oil and sediment samples were collected from Campos Basin and six stations of Paraguaçu estuary, Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil, respectively. The sediments samples were analyzed for organic matter determined by the EMBRAPA method, nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahl method, and phosphorus determined by the method described by Aspila. The oil trapped in OSA was extracted following the method described by Moreira. The experiment showed a relationship between the amount of organic matter and OSA formation and consequently the dispersion of the studied oil. On the basis of the buoyancy of OSA and the ecotoxicological effects on pelagic and benthic community, the priority areas for application of remediation techniques are Cachoeira, Maragogipe, and Salinas da Margarida because of the large amount of oil that accumulated at the bottom of the experiment flask (5.85%, 27.95%, and 38,98%; 4.2%, 17.66%, and 32.64%; and 11.82%, 8.07%, and 10.91% respectively).  相似文献   

3‐D mesoscale simulation of crack‐permeability coupling in the Brazilian splitting test          下载免费PDF全文

Nathan Benkemoun  Hayder Al Khazraji  Philippe Poullain  Marta Choinska  Abdelhafid Khelidj 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(3):449-468

In this paper, mesoscale hydromechanical simulations are performed to study (1) fracture features and (2) crack‐gas permeability coupling evolution in the context of the tensile splitting test. The mesostructure is based on a 2‐phase 3‐D representation of heterogeneous materials, such as concrete, where stiff aggregates are embedded into a mortar matrix. To take into account these heterogeneities without any mesh adaptation, a weak discontinuity is introduced into the strain field. In addition, a strong discontinuity is also added to take into account microcracking. This mechanical model is cast into the framework of the enhanced finite element method. Concerning the coupling with gas permeability, a double‐porosity method is used to simulate the flow through the cracks and the porosity. The apparent gas permeability is afterwards evaluated by a homogenization method. On the basis of finite element simulations, influence of aggregate size on ultimate crack opening, macroscopic ultimate tensile stress, total dissipated energy, and gas permeability evolution is numerically investigated. Furthermore, gas permeability evolution is also compared with experimental results from the literature. In addition, in the spirit of a sequential multiscale approach, macroscale gas permeability equations are identified from the hydromechanical results coming from the mesoscale computations. These equations lead to a relation between macroscale gas permeability evolution and crack opening. Besides, we show how the aggregate size influences the percolation threshold and that after this threshold, a cubic relation between macroscale gas permeability and crack opening is obtained.  相似文献   

Seismic health monitoring of RC frame structures using smart aggregates     

Wen-I Liao  C.H.Lin  J.S.Hwang  G.Song 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(1):25-32

Structural health monitoring of RC structures under seismic loads has recently attracted much attention in the earthquake engineering research community. In this study, a piezoceramic-based device called "smart aggregate" was used for the health monitoring of RC frame structures under earthquake excitations. Three RC moment frames instrumented with smart aggregates were tested using a shaketable with different ground excitation intensities. Distributed piezoceramic- based smart aggregates were embedded in the RC structures and used to monitor their health condition during the tests. The sensitivity and effectiveness of the proposed piezoceramic-based approach were investigated and evaluated by analyzing the measured responses. The displacement ductility demand of the structural members was calculated and compared with the damage index determined from the health monitoring system. The comparison shows that the damage index is compatible with the calculated ductility demand.  相似文献   

Characterisation of rock aggregate breakage properties using realistic texture‐based modelling     

Hongyuan Liu  Per‐Arne Lindqvist  Urban Åkesson  Shaoquan Kou  Jan‐Eric Lindqvist 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(10):1280-1302

Realistic texture‐based modelling methods, that is microstructural modelling and micromechanical modelling, are developed to simulate the rock aggregate breakage properties on the basis of the rock actual microstructure obtained using microscopic observations and image analysis. The breakage properties of three types of rocks, that is Avja, LEP and Vandle taken from three quarries in Sweden, in single aggregate breakage tests and in inter‐aggregate breakage tests are then modelled using the proposed methods. The microstructural modelling directly integrates the microscopic observation, image analysis and numerical simulation together and provides a valuable tool to investigate the mechanical properties of rock aggregates on the basis of their microstructure properties. The micromechanical modelling takes the most important microstructure properties of rock aggregates into consideration and can model the major mechanical properties. Throughout this study, it is concluded that in general, the microstructure properties of rock aggregate work together to affect their mechanical properties, and it is difficult to correlate a single microstructure property with the mechanical properties of rock aggregates. In particular, for the three types of rock Avja, LEP and Vandle in this study, crack size distribution, grain size and grain perimeter (i.e. grain shape and spatial arrangement) show good correlations with the mechanical properties. The crack length and the grain size negatively affect the mechanical properties of Avja, LEP and Vandle, but the perimeter positively influences the mechanical properties. Besides, the modelled rock aggregate breakage properties in both single aggregate and inter‐aggregate tests reveal that the aggregate microstructure, aggregate shape and loading conditions influence the breakage process of rock aggregate in service. For the rock aggregate with the same microstructure, the quadratic shape and good packing dramatically improve its mechanical properties. During services, the aggregate is easiest to be fragmented under point‐to‐point loading condition, and then in the sequence of multiple‐point, point‐to‐plane and plane‐to‐plane loading conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

WMS的自定义地图服务聚合技术研究     

许朝晖  陈荣国  谢炯 《测绘学院学报》2011,(3)

针对网络地图服务资源多样化及其共享开放性的特点和WMS服务资源多但实际使用者少的缺点,研究了一种聚合WMS服务的使用方法,使得用户可以根据需求自由组合WMS服务提供的地图资源,从而产生满足用户需求的地图服务聚合应用。通过研究服务信息获取验证和服务聚合操作可视化等关键技术,实现了基于WMS地图服务的聚合应用系统。  相似文献   

软弱砂岩骨料碾压混凝土的配制及其特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘伟宝  陆采荣  梅国兴  戈雪良  王珩  杨虎 《海洋工程》2014,32(6):105-110

在东南亚和我国西南地区由于缺乏合适的原材料,必须采用软弱骨料配制混凝土。以东南亚某工程现场的软弱砂岩为原材料,开展碾压混凝土配制和性能试验工作,探讨了该骨料配制碾压混凝土的可行性。采用软化系数为0.71的软弱砂岩,配制强度等级分别为C18020的二级配碾压混凝土和C1807.5的三级配碾压混凝土。结果表明,采用该砂岩骨料可以配制出满足强度要求的碾压混凝土,其用水量比常规骨料高15~20 kg/m3,拌和物密度和抗压弹模较低。其中,二级配碾压混凝土采用50%粉煤灰掺量、0.55水胶比;三级配碾压混凝土采用60%粉煤灰掺量、0.65水胶比。骨料抗碾压破碎模拟试验表明该骨料在碾压过程中破坏程度很低,说明采用该软弱骨料配制碾压混凝土具有可行性。  相似文献   

Misorientations of garnet aggregate within a vein: an example from the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt, Japan     

A. OKAMOTO  K. MICHIBAYASHI 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2006,24(5):353-366

In this study, the chemistry and microstructure of garnet aggregates within a metamorphic vein are investigated. Garnet‐bearing veins in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt, Japan, occur subparallel to the foliation of a host mafic schist, but some cut the foliation at low angle. Backscattered electron image and compositional mapping using EPMA and crystallographic orientation maps from electron‐backscattered diffraction (EBSD) reveal that numerous small garnet (10–100 μm diameter) coalesce to form large porphyroblasts within the vein. Individual small garnet commonly exhibits xenomorphic shape at garnet/garnet grain boundaries, whereas it is idiomorphic at garnet/quartz boundaries. EBSD microstructural analysis of the garnet porphyroblasts reveals that misorientation angles of neighbour‐pair garnet grains within the vein have a random distribution. This contrasts with previous studies that found coalescence of garnet in mica schist leads to an increased frequency of low angle misorientation boundaries by misorientation‐driven rotation. As garnet nucleated with random orientation, the difference in misorientation between the two studies is due to the difference in the extent of grain rotation. A simple kinetic model that assumes grain rotation of garnet is rate‐limited by grain boundary diffusion creep of matrix quartz, shows that (i) the substantial rotation of a fine garnet grain could occur for the conditions of the Sanbagawa metamorphism, but (ii) the rotation rate drastically decreased as garnet grains formed large clusters during growth. Therefore, the random misorientation distribution of garnet porphyroblasts in the Sanbagawa vein is interpreted as follows: (i) garnet within the vein grew so fast that substantial grain rotation did not occur through porphyroblast formation, and thus (ii) random orientations at the nucleation stage were preserved. The extent of misorientation‐driven rotation indicated by deviation from random orientation distribution may be useful to constrain the growth rate of constituent grains of porphyroblast that formed by multiple nucleation and coalescence.  相似文献