Linear unmixing of MODIS albedo composites to infer subpixel land cover type albedos     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2013

We use a linear unmixing approach to test how land use and forestry maps, in combination with the MODIS BRDF/albedo product, can be used to estimate land cover type albedos in boreal regions. Operational land use maps from three test areas in Finland and Canada were used to test the method. The resulting endmember albedo estimates had low standard errors of the mean and were realistic for the main land cover types. The estimated albedos were fairly consistent with albedo measurements conducted with a telescope mast and pure pixel albedos. Problems with the method are the possible errors in the land cover maps, lack of good quality winter MODIS albedo composites and the mismatch between the MODIS pixels and the true observation area. The results emphasize the role of tree species as determinant of forest albedo. Comprehensive spatial and temporal measurements of land cover albedo are usually not possible with in situ mast measurements, and the spatial resolution of MODIS albedo product is often too low to allow direct comparison of pixel albedos and land cover types in areas with heterogeneous vegetation. Hence, and since local forestry maps exist for most temperate and boreal regions, we believe that the proposed method will be useful in estimating average regional land cover type albedos as well as in tracking changes in them.  相似文献   

Estimation of Surface Temperature and Rainfall in Ghana     

V. C.K. Kakane  H. Søgaard 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(1):76-85

Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 97: 76–85, 1997.

Daily Meteosat images for 1989 have been analysed for the purpose of mapping surface temperature and rainfall in Ghana. The images in the time-series are georeferenced and the maximum value composite (MVC) technique is applied to the temperature calibrated IR-channel images after a cloud screening of the images. The cloud covered areas are outlined and traced using the Meteosat visible channels. Stratiform clouds are detected using surface albedo while cumuliform clouds are detected based on a technique calculating the spatial variability within a 5 pixel by 5 pixel window around each point in the image. The cloud covered parts of the scene are then delimitated by comparing the normal albedo values and the spatial variance in albedo.

The paper then discusses how the outlined procedure can be applied in an environmental monitoring context. For each of the months June to November 1989 the mean monthly rainfall amounts at 35 meteorological stations are plotted against the mean surface temperature. It is found that apart from the month of June statistical significant linear relationships are obtained and that the scattering around the line is decreasing for increasing sampling length.  相似文献   

1998年夏季青藏高原辐射平衡分量特征   总被引：49，自引：1，他引：48  

卞林根  陆龙骅  逯昌贵  陈彦杰  高志球  刘辉志  张宏升  陈家宜 《大气科学》2001,25(5):577-588

利用1998年夏季第二次青藏高原气象科学试验(TIPEX)获得的改则、当雄和昌都三个热源观测站的数据和相关资料,统计和分析了高原夏季辐射平衡分量和热源强度的变化特征.结果表明高原地面总辐射平均强度以西部最强,中部次之,东部最小.6月中旬后随着雨季到来,地表反射率均有所降低,中部和东部的辐射强度明显减弱,西部雨季降水和云量都比较少,辐射强度变化不明显.高原中部和东部的净辐射在6月中旬有明显的突变现象,西部突变期出现在7月上旬,以中部的辐射加热强度最大,东部次之,西部最小.湿期随着地面长波辐射的减少,热源强度明显增大.  相似文献   

A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE EFFECT ON CHINESE REGIONAL CLIMATE DUE TO SEASONAL VARIATION OF LAND SURFACE PARAMETERS (PART Ⅱ)     

孙健  李维亮  周秀骥 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2001,(3)

The effect on climate due to seasonal variation of vegetation and roughness length wassimulated in Part Ⅰ of this essay.In Part Ⅱ,the individual effect of albedo and the joint effect of allthose factors (vegetation,roughness length and albedo) were calculated by numerical sensitivityexperiments.The results showed that:(1)There is no significant effect on precipitation if thealbedo of 4 seasons is used to replace the CRCM's climate average data,but the effect on landsurface temperature can be seen clearly.And the effect also can be seen in adjacent regions.(2)Ifall these three factors are used to replace the CRCM's climate average data at the same time,theeffect on precipitation is significant,the most variation value is 300mm.And the effect ontemperature is similar to what we can see if only one of these factors in CRCM is replaced bymonthly or seasonal data.(3)Seasonal variation of land surface parameters has important effectnot only on regional climate,but also on global environment.  相似文献   

长江三角洲地区地表月平均反照率的卫星遥感研究   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

徐兴奎 《大气科学》2002,26(3):394-400

应用NOAA-AVHRR气象卫星数据,通过近似的大气校正模型及双向反射模型,结合地理信息系统,建立了动态的反照率反演模型,并反演计算了我国长江三角洲地区1995年3～12月的地表反照率.通过对诸多影响反照率变化因子的分析显示,遥感反演结果与地表覆盖特征及气候特征基本相符.  相似文献   

中国地区MODIS地表反照率反演结果的时空分布研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈爱军  周芬  梁学伟  卞林根  刘玉洁 《大气科学学报》2018,41(2):267-274

应用2003—2015年MODIS地表反照率反演质量数据MCD43A2,统计分析中国地区MODIS地表反照率反演质量的时空分布特征,结果表明:1)中国地区MODIS地表反照率反演质量在空间分布上具有明显的差异,高质量全反演结果(质量标记0)主要分布在东北、华北、西北地区和西南地区的中西部;当量反演结果(质量标记3)主要分布在华东、华中、华南地区和西南地区的中东部;填充值(质量标记15)主要分布在华中、华南、华东地区及西南地区的部分区域。2)在东北、华北和西北地区,只有春、夏和秋季才有超过60%的区域可能获得高精度MODIS地表反照率;可能获得高精度M ODIS地表反照率的区域,在西南地区全年各时段都只有40%~60%,在华东、华中和华南地区全年各时段都不足20%。3)各地当量反演结果的比例一般不足50%,华东和华中地区夏季和秋季当量反演结果的比例超过40%;4)华中和华东地区夏季和冬季,以及华南地区春、夏和冬季,填充值的比例超过50%,华南和华中地区最高甚至超过80%。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地冬季积雪下垫面地表反照率及土壤温湿度变化特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

廖小荷  何清  金莉莉  杨兴华  买买提艾力·买买提依明  霍文  杨帆 《中国沙漠》2018,38(2):393-400

利用塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站西站10 m梯度探测系统气象和辐射观测数据,分析了塔中积雪下垫面地表反照率、土壤温度、土壤湿度的变化特征及其相互关系。结果表明：塔中积雪覆盖期间地表反照率0.18~0.97,日均值为0.60;有积雪覆盖的地表反照率日变化更偏向反"J"型,呈现出上午大于傍晚的形态,平均早晚较差为0.13;积雪使0~40 cm深度土壤温度下降,积雪消融后土壤湿度增大使各层土壤温度趋于接近,并使0、10、20 cm深度的土壤温度日变幅呈减小趋势,减小幅度分别为41%、39%、39%;积雪地表反照率与地表温度表现出负相关关系,反照率越高地表温度越低,二者相关系数为-0.71;积雪地表反照率与5 cm深度土壤湿度负相关,高地表反照率对应低土壤湿度,低地表反照率对应高土壤湿度,二者相关系数为-0.74。  相似文献   

基于单次散射反照率的矿物高光谱稀疏解混     

林红磊  张霞  孙艳丽 《遥感学报》2016,20(1):53-61

矿物的混合多属于致密型混合,在可见光—短波红外波段的混合呈现非线性特征,同时由于矿物混合的复杂性以及图像中完全纯净的像元可能不存在等原因,使得从图像上提取端元具有较大不确定性。本文根据矿物单次散射反照率的线性可加性,提出一种基于矿物单次散射反照率光谱库的稀疏解混算法,利用Hapke模型将矿物反射率转换成矿物单次散射反照率,构建矿物单次散射反照率光谱库,以半监督的方式通过稀疏回归的方法从光谱库中寻找最优端元组合,并估算混合像元中各端元的丰度。利用RELAB矿物混合光谱库进行算法验证,结果表明,丰度反演的平均绝对误差为3.12%;将本文方法应用于美国内华达州铜矿区的AVIRIS高光谱图像数据,所得丰度图与美国地质勘探局USGS矿物识别结果具有较好的一致性。本文算法不需要从图像提取端元,并且考虑到了矿物的非线性混合特征,能够得到较高的反演精度,在近地行星和卫星表面岩矿成分的探测等领域具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

First order approximation of Broadband Directional Albedo with High Resolution Quickbird Imagery: a case study for arid urban areas     

Shai Kaplan  Christopher S. Galletti  Winston T.L. Chow  Soe W. Myint 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(3):303-319

Albedo is a key forcing parameter controlling the planetary radiative energy budget and its partitioning between the surface and the atmosphere. Characterizing and developing high resolution albedo for an urban environment in arid regions is important because of the high urbanization rate in these regions and because of the high land-cover heterogeneity within urban settings. Using a Monte Carlo simulation of a multi-variable regression, we (a) correlate directional solar reflectance (albedo) ground measurements from Phoenix, AZ, with four narrowband reflectance data from QuickBird, and (b) developed a new set of coefficients for converting QuickBird narrowband reflectances to albedo. The albedo models were then applied to a second image over Las Vegas, NV, to assess their feasibility and accuracy. Two wavebands, visible-near infrared (VNIR) and total shortwave albedo, were evaluated for two reflectance models: surface and top-of-atmosphere. Results show that it is possible to accurately estimate directional albedo from high resolution imagery, specifically QuickBird, with the most accurate result from an atmospherically corrected VNIR model. The methodology presented in this paper could thus be applied in other urban areas to obtain a first order estimation of albedo. The new set of coefficients can be applied as first order albedo estimate by researchers, urban planners, developers and city managers interested in the influence of high-resolution albedo on a myriad of urban ecosystem processes.  相似文献   

What do climate models tell us about global warming?     

Christopher Essex 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,135(1):125-133

It has become widely accepted that an increase in the infrared optical depth of the atmosphere must lead to an increase in the global surface temperature. It is demonstrated here that this need not be so, implying a limited predictive capability for modern climate models.  相似文献