台湾利吉蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩地球化学特征及其指示意义     

李鸿莉  冯俊熙  佟宏鹏  王钦贤  陈多福 《地球化学》2020,(1):50-61

马里亚纳海沟弧前广泛发育来源于深部地幔楔、由泥火山作用形成的碎屑蛇纹岩,并且在泥火山顶部海底有非生物成因甲烷渗漏和无光合作用的自养生物群,是地球科学界的研究热点。在弧陆碰撞形成的台湾利吉混杂岩带发育有蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩,一直有构造成因、沉积成因与构造沉积复合成因的争议。本次研究对台湾利吉蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩的岩石学和地球化学进行了研究,蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩呈层状或巨砾发育于台东利吉村附近的混杂岩泥质基质中,蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩的角砾和粉砂质-泥质基质均由蛇纹岩组成,角砾呈次棱角状至次圆状,显示沉积成因特征。蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩的Al2O3-MgO-CaO位于与蛇绿岩套有关的变质橄榄岩范围内,且偏低的Al2O3和CaO含量表明,其来源于活动大陆边缘俯冲带上盘的弧前环境。此外,蛇纹岩角砾富集As、Sb和Pb元素,暗示具有俯冲带上驮板块地幔楔蛇纹岩的特征,并富集来自俯冲板片的中低温流体。因此,利吉蛇纹岩角砾碎屑岩很可能来自俯冲带上盘地幔楔,由北吕宋火山岛弧弧前基底形成的蛇纹岩通过泥火山作用喷出海底,最后经弧陆碰撞进入台湾利吉混杂岩带。  相似文献   

安徽宣城茶亭铜金矿床隐爆角砾岩特征及其成矿意义     

谢巧勤  孙锐  徐晓春  许心悦  安昱华  钱仕龙 《高校地质学报》2020,26(3):255-264

安徽宣城茶亭铜金矿床是近年来在长江中下游浅覆盖区之南陵—宣城中—新生代火山—沉积盆地中新发现的一个大型矿床。文章以赋矿石英闪长玢岩侵入体内发育的隐爆角砾岩为对象,通过详细的钻孔岩心观察和显微岩相学研究,确定其地质特征并探讨其与成矿的关系。根据钻孔岩心观察确定的岩石构造特征及钻孔剖面圈定的角砾岩空间分布特征,茶亭铜金矿床发育的隐爆角砾岩呈上大下小的不规则筒状体,被隐伏的石英闪长玢岩侵入体包孕。根据角砾特征以及角砾间的裂隙和胶结物特征,可将隐爆角砾岩划分为隐爆浆屑角砾岩、隐爆热液角砾岩和隐爆破裂角砾岩三类,三类隐爆角砾岩空间上有规律地分布,以隐爆浆屑角砾岩为中心向外或向上依次过渡为隐爆热液角砾岩→隐爆破裂角砾岩→石英闪长玢岩。基于隐爆角砾岩与蚀变和矿化的关系推测,岩浆—气液隐蔽爆破作用所产生的大量裂隙为后期含矿岩浆热液和大气降水热液的运移、交代、混合乃至卸载、沉淀成矿提供了有利的构造空间。茶亭铜金矿床的矿体赋存于浅成斑岩侵入体中,其围岩蚀变类型与分带,以及矿化呈细粒浸染状和细脉—网脉状等地质特征显示其与斑岩型矿床极为相似,但矿化富集部位与隐爆角砾岩筒（体） 的一致,且矿床同时发育角砾状、脉状、团块状矿化,矿脉中发育热液硬石膏甚至形成硬石膏岩等地质特征又明显不同于斑岩型矿床。因此,文章将茶亭铜金矿床确定为一个与中酸性浅成斑岩侵入体密切相关的隐爆角砾岩型矿床。  相似文献   

西南极乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛火山岩地质初步研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘小汉  郑祥身 《极地研究》1988,1(1):25-35

西南极乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛主要由基性熔岩、火山碎屑岩及薄层沉积岩组成,并有次火山岩体及脉岩发育.野外观察及K—Ar,Rb—Sr全岩年龄说明岩石形成于始新一渐新世.主要元素和微量元素地球化学特征说明岩石属低钾高铝钙碱性玄武岩,但具有拉斑玄武岩的某些特征,是岛弧火山活动的产物.岩层呈平缓单斜,发育有近同期及后期走滑正断层,以及由断层活动形成的局部以称褶皱.  相似文献   

浙江省瑞安市白门钠长石矿床地质特征及成困探讨     

罗炎水  叶泽富 《浙江国土资源》2002,18(1):34-40

钠长石是我省的一个新发现矿种。钠长石产于石英闪长岩体的外接触带九里坪组的流纹质晶屑玻屑凝灰岩层位中 ,矿体呈似层状产出。其成矿主要受侵入体、地层层位及构造控制。矿床成因类型属岩浆期后热液交代蚀变型层控矿床 ,成矿时代属燕山晚期  相似文献   

山阳－柞水隐爆角砾岩与金矿化关系及其成因初探     

谢茂祥 《河南国土资源》1994,(4)

本文总结山阳—柞水地区隐爆角砾岩（以下简称角砾岩）的基本特征及其与金矿化关系，此角砾岩是区内重要含矿岩石。讨论了角砾岩的成因、含矿性和形成机制。  相似文献   

Superimposed deformation in seconds: breccias from the impact structure at Kentland, Indiana (USA)     

M.G Bjrnerud 《Tectonophysics》1998,290(3-4):259-269

Breccias from the central uplift at the Kentland, Indiana impact structure have outcrop and microscopic characteristics that give insight into events that may occur in a carbonate-dominated sedimentary sequence in the moments following hypervelocity impact. Three distinct types of brecciated rock bodies — fault breccias, breccia lenses, and breccia dikes — suggest multiple mechanisms of fragmentation. The fault breccias occur along steeply dipping faults that coincide with compositional discontinuities in the stratigraphic succession. The breccia lenses and dikes are less localized in occurrence and show no systematic spatial distribution or orientation. The fault breccias and breccia lenses show no consistent cross-cutting relationships, but both are transected by the breccia dikes. Textural analysis reveals significant differences in particle size distributions for the different breccias. The fault breccias are typically monomict, coarsest and least uniform in grain size, and yield the highest power-law exponent (fractal dimension) in plots of particle size vs. frequency. The polymict dike filling is finest and most uniform in grain size, has the lowest power-law exponent, and is locally laminated and size-sorted. SEM images of the dike-filling breccia show that fragmentation occurred to the scale of microns. Material within the breccia lenses has textural characteristics intermediate between the other two types, but the irregular morphology of these bodies suggests a mechanism of formation different from that of either of the other breccia categories. The breccia lenses and dikes both have sub-mm-scale spheroidal vugs that may have been formed by carbon dioxide bubbles released during sudden devolatilization of the carbonate country rock. Collectively, these observations shed light on the processes that occur during the excavation and modification phases of crater formation in carbonate strata — heterogeneous, polyphase, multiscale deformation accomplished over a time interval of seconds.  相似文献   

Upper Eocene ejecta of the New Jersey continental margin reveal dynamics of Chesapeake Bay impact     

Cecilia M.G McHugh  Scott W Snyder  Kenneth G Miller   《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1998,160(3-4):353-367

Evidence for the Chesapeake Bay Crater as the source for New Jersey continental margin ejecta is provided by fine-grained tektites and coarse-grained unmelted ejecta. The Upper Eocene ejecta deposit, now demonstrated to be part of the North American strewn field, occurs on the New Jersey continental margin at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 904 and 903. The mineralogy, major oxide composition of the ejecta materials, and biostratigraphic age of the enclosing sediments link the origin of these ejecta to the recently recognized Chesapeake Bay impact crater, located only 330 km away. Sediments associated with the ejecta provide information about the dynamics of impact events. The 35-cm-thick ejecta-bearing layer can be subdivided into three subunits that indicate a sequence of events. Bottom subunit III documents sediment failure and deposition of gravel-sized fragments, middle subunit II records deposition of abundant sand-sized ejecta by gravity settling, and upper subunit I contains a 12-cm-thick sedimentary deposit containing rare silt-sized tektites and evidence of waning currents. These events are interpreted by linking sediment deposition to seismic ground motion and subsequent tsunami waves triggered by both the Chesapeake Bay impact and slope failures.  相似文献   

The nature and origin of brecdation and mineralization at the White Crystal ore deposit,Ardlethan tin mine,New South Wales     

G. W. Clarke  R. G. Paterson  R. G. Taylor 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):343-348

The White Crystal ore zone consists of an ovoid mass of fine grained quartz‐tourmaline topaz rock containing disseminated cassiterite together with prominent vughs of quartz and/or tourmaline, cassiterite, and sulphides. Toward the margins of the ore zone the decreasing intensity of alteration illustrates formation via a process of brecciation, infill, and alteration. The rectangular slab‐like fragments are commonly aligned and their plunge indicates a dip towards a common epicentre. The tourmalinized ore zone is surrounded by successive zones of sericitization and argillization. The brecciation is of large scale tensional origin which is suggestive of collapse. Beneath the ore zone mineralization/alteration continues at subeconomic grades and limited data suggests an intrusive hydrothermal style of brecciation. The entire system is a form of breccia pipe and has yielded some 1.5 Mt of ore at around 0.64% Sn.  相似文献   

吉林敦化大石河钼矿床成因与辉钼矿Re-Os 同位素测年   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

鞠楠  任云生  王超  王辉  赵华雷  屈文俊 《世界地质》2012,31(1):68-76

大石河钼矿床是近年来在小兴安岭-张广才岭钼成矿带南缘新发现的一个大型钼矿床。深部矿体产于似斑状花岗闪长岩体顶部,呈细脉浸染型; 近地表矿体主要呈含辉钼矿石英脉,赋存于浅变质岩中。钼矿化受隐爆角砾岩筒及构造裂隙控制,矿化与蚀变具有明显的分带性,属斑岩型钼矿床。对采自矿区浅部矿体中的5 件辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os 同位素测年,获得模式年龄( 182. 1 ± 2. 7) ～ ( 191. 9 ± 2. 6) Ma,加权平均年龄( 186. 7 ± 5. 0) Ma,MSWD 值为11. 8,表明大石河钼矿形成于燕山早期。结合近年来小兴安岭-张广才岭钼成矿带上所获得的成岩成矿年龄数据,认为160 ～ 190 Ma 是该钼成矿带的钼矿成矿作用的集中期。辉钼矿样品中Re 含量为3. 549 ～ 4. 362 μg·g － 1,指示成矿物质为壳源。综合分析认为,大石河钼矿床为该区燕山早期大规模成矿事件的产物,形成于古亚洲构造域和环太平洋构造域叠加和转换期的构造环境。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯南缘中奥陶统中的滑塌构造及其地震成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁效奇  苏德辰  贺静  孙爱萍  吕洪波  李海兵  乔秀夫 《地质论评》2014,60(3):529-540

奥陶系赵老峪组主要出露于鄂尔多斯盆地南缘的陕西富平地区,该组地层主体为深水相的薄层灰岩和页岩状极薄层灰岩,期间夹有大量的滑塌构造和异常角砾灰岩。作者对属于中奥陶统的赵老峪组1~4段地层中的滑塌构造进行了专题调查,在近30个层位中发现了典型的、规模不等的滑塌褶皱变形和滑塌角砾岩。这些滑塌体主要由强烈褶皱变形的灰岩和角砾灰岩组成,与上下岩层之间界线截然。大部分滑塌(砾岩)层厚度稳定,分布范围较大。根据滑塌构造的形态和成分特征、非滑塌软沉积物变形构造的特点以及前人成果,认为赵老峪组中的滑塌构造和滑塌砾岩的最直接触发因素不是风暴、潮汐等盆地内部的因素,而是构造活动(包括火山活动)引发的地震,每一个滑塌变形层对应一次较大的地震事件。赵老峪组地震成因的滑塌层的大量发育,说明其形成期间,盆地周边的构造活动非常强烈。并进一步推论赵老峪组中的没有明显滑塌变形的异常角砾灰岩很可能也是由地震触发的滑塌形成的颗粒流或浊流的产物。  相似文献