福建省海岸线遥感调查方法及其应用研究   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

孙美仙  张伟 《台湾海峡》2004,23(2):213-218,i001

本文论述了利用遥感技术进行海岸线信息提取的实现方法,提供了完整的遥感调查技术路线,确定了海岸线的遥感解译标志和解译原则,完成了福建省海岸线信息解译工作.利用TM卫星遥感资料解译得出福建省大陆海岸线长度为3102km,其中淤泥海岸约740km,沙滩海岸约268km,基岩海岸约1367km,人工海岸约695km,河口海岸约32km.  相似文献   

东海盆地丽水凹陷古新统锆石示踪作用分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘俊海  杨香华  吴志轩  于水 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(1):85-92

锆石具有较强的稳定性，是地质研究中一种强有力的工具。通过对其形态学研究，再结合其地球化学特征，可讨论其母岩的成因；同时，结合颗粒锆石的微区定年，可以讨论重要的地质事件成因和演化，如锆石的成因和微区离子探针技术在研究造山带构造年代学中发挥着重要作用。利用激光探针等离子体质谱(LAM-ICPMS)技术对丽水凹陷古新统沉积岩中锆石进行微区定年和微量元素测定，并对稀土元素配分模式和微量元素特征进行分析，结果表明，对于复杂来源的锆石，利用其地球化学特征进行区分效果不理想，锆石地球化学特征并不是有利的沉积和锆石来源显示。  相似文献   

海域油气勘查研究程度的优化分析     

王炳玉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1994,14(4):89-94

本文运用系统论、控制论和信息论是分析解决海域油气的“勘查研究程度”问题，不仅阐述了“勘查研究程度”的本质，而且阐明一些新颖的反映“勘查研究程度”特征的概念。  相似文献   

Increasing water losses from snow captured in the canopy of boreal forests: A case study using a 30 year data set          下载免费PDF全文

Nataliia Kozii  Hjalmar Laudon  Mikaell Ottosson‐Löfvenius  Niles J. Hasselquist 《水文研究》2017,31(20):3558-3567

Water losses from snow intercepted by forest canopy can significantly influence the hydrological cycle in seasonally snow‐covered regions, yet how snow interception losses (SIL) are influenced by a changing climate are poorly understood. In this study, we used a unique 30 year record (1986–2015) of snow accumulation and snow water equivalent measurements in a mature mixed coniferous (Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris ) forest stand and an adjacent open area to assess how changes in weather conditions influence SIL. Given little change in canopy cover during this study, the 20% increase in SIL was likely the result of changes in winter weather conditions. However, there was no significant change in average wintertime precipitation and temperature during the study period. Instead, mean monthly temperature values increased during the early winter months (i.e., November and December), whereas there was a significant decrease in precipitation in March. We also assessed how daily variation in meteorological variables influenced SIL and found that about 50% of the variation in SIL was correlated to the amount of precipitation that occurred when temperatures were lower than ?3 °C and to the proportion of days with mean daily temperatures higher than +0.4 °C. Taken together, this study highlights the importance of understanding the appropriate time scale and thresholds in which weather conditions influence SIL in order to better predict how projected climate change will influence snow accumulation and hydrology in boreal forests in the future.  相似文献   

时空大数据在城市群建设与管理中的应用研究进展     

陈芳淼  黄慧萍  贾坤 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(6):1307-1319

伴随新型城镇化进程的不断推进,城市群已经成为地区社会经济发展的重要核心。大数据时代的到来促使新兴时空大数据在城市/城市群建设与管理中发挥着重要作用,并成为当前学术界的研究热点。大数据挖掘技术与融合分析技术将成为未来研究城市群的重要方法。本研究总结归纳了时空大数据在城市群建设与管理中的应用研究进展,对常见城市群时空大数据类型、获取方法和分析技术进行分类整理,并对基于资源调查和多源时空数据分析的城市/城市群研究进展进行分析,特别是对时空大数据及其技术在城市群建设与管理中的主要研究展开归类分析,认为目前时空大数据在城市群建设与管理应用领域主要涉及5大方向：城市群空间界定与发展监测、交通网络监测、关联性分析与功能布局评价、产业协同分析和环境监测与评估。最后,本文分析了现阶段时空大数据在城市群建设与管理应用中的发展瓶颈,提出了相关对策建议,并对未来研究发展趋势提出了展望。  相似文献   

“Natural cycles” in lay understandings of climate change     

Linda H. Connor  Nick Higginbotham 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(6):1852-1861

This article analyses lay understandings of climate change elicited through a longitudinal population-based survey of climate change, place and community among 1162 residents in the Hunter Valley, Southeast Australia. We explore how older residents in contrasting rural and coastal geographic areas perceive climate change information in terms of culturally relevant meanings and values, lived experiences and emotional responses to seasonal cycles, temperature fluctuations and altered landscapes. Thematic analysis of comments given by 467 interviewees to an open-ended question identified a significant subset for whom the concepts of “nature” and “science” express competing views about changing climatic conditions. For them, the idea of “natural cycles” is a significant cultural construct that links nature and humans through time in a way that structures stable and resilient understandings of environmental change, drawing on established cosmological frameworks for contemplating the future in relation to the past. In contrast to other studies that postulate scepticism and denial as individuals’ fear management strategies in the face of climate change threat, we found that the natural cycles view is founded on a reassuring deeper conviction about how nature works, and is linked to other pro-environmental values not commonly found in sceptical groups. It is a paradox of natural cycles thinking that it rejects the anthropocentrism that is at the heart of science-based environmentalism. By contrast, it places humans as deeply integrated with nature, rather than operating outside it and attempting with uncertain science to control something that is ultimately uncontrollable.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to downscaling ratios and storm types in rainfall simulation     

Jia Liu  Michaela Bray  Dawei Han 《水文研究》2012,26(20):3012-3031

Accurate information of rainfall is needed for sustainable water management and more reliable flood forecasting. The advances in mesoscale numerical weather modelling and modern computing technologies make it possible to provide rainfall simulations and forecasts at increasingly higher resolutions in space and time. However, being one of the most difficult variables to be modelled, the quality of the rainfall products from the numerical weather model remains unsatisfactory for hydrological applications. In this study, the sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is investigated using different domain settings and various storm types to improve the model performance of rainfall simulation. Eight 24‐h storm events are selected from the Brue catchment, southwest England, with different spatial and temporal distributions of the rainfall intensity. Five domain configuration scenarios designed with gradually changing downscaling ratios are used to run the WRF model with the ECMWF 40‐year reanalysis data for the periods of the eight events. A two‐dimensional verification scheme is proposed to evaluate the amounts and distributions of simulated rainfall in both spatial and temporal dimensions. The verification scheme consists of both categorical and continuous indices for a first‐level assessment and a more quantitative evaluation of the simulated rainfall. The results reveal a general improvement of the model performance as we downscale from the outermost to the innermost domain. Moderate downscaling ratios of 1:7, 1:5 and 1:3 are found to perform better with the WRF model in giving more reasonable results than smaller ratios. For the sensitivity study on different storm types, the model shows the best performance in reproducing the storm events with spatial and temporal evenness of the observed rainfall, whereas the type of events with highly concentrated rainfall in space and time are found to be the trickiest case for WRF to handle. Finally, the efficiencies of several variability indices are verified in categorising the storm events on the basis of the two‐dimensional rainfall evenness, which could provide a more quantitative way for the event classification that facilitates further studies. It is important that similar studies with various storm events are carried out in other catchments with different geographic and climatic conditions, so that more general error patterns can be found and further improvements can be made to the rainfall products from mesoscale numerical weather models. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

PXE协议和Ghost工具在机房管理中的应用     

蔺冰 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(3):327-329

为保证计算机房的软件系统使用率,利用3Com公司的DABS、Syrnantec公司的Ghost、Microsoft公司的windows Server等提供的软件、工具及服务,完成基于PXE协议网络启动和Ghost多播方式对计算机的软件系统克隆.该应用可以方便、快捷、简单的进行计算机房的软件批量管理.  相似文献   

GIS在中国旅游资源研究与应用中的现状及趋势   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王英杰  张桐艳  李鹏  虞虎 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(4):751-759

随着现代信息技术的不断发展,GIS在旅游研究与应用愈来愈深入。目前,GIS已经广泛的应用到旅游资源研究中,尤其在旅游资源空间分类、评价、旅游规划、旅游资源管理、旅游开发利用等方面取得了较大的进展。首先,本文综述了近些年来GIS在旅游资源研究中的文献资料,研究发现GIS空间分析理论与方法在旅游资源研究与开发中的应用较为广泛,但在旅游资源认知、分类及评价等方面仍存在一些尚未解决的问题。其次,在总结前人和课题组研究成果的基础上,对旅游资源认知、分类与标准化理论进行了相关论述。通过梳理GIS建模技术与空间分析方法在旅游资源信息提取与分析、旅游资源评价、旅游资源开发规划等相关研究成果中发现,旅游资源研究方法已从定性描述走向定量模型,应用成果不断增多,涉及综合评价、空间结构优化、空间布局与选址、空间发展趋势预测、空间利用规划等方面。最后,提出了未来在旅游资源知识模型、旅游资源图谱、旅游资源多维仿真以及旅游资源大数据等方面的相关展望。  相似文献   

EH-4大地电磁测量仪在山东泰安徂徕地热田勘察中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王福花  孙文广  朱国庆  彭文泉 《山东国土资源》2007,23(9):8-10

EH-4大地电磁测量仪是近几年引进的美国Stratagem大地电磁测量系统。该系统设计了特殊的人工电磁波发射源,提高了700 m深度范围的勘探效果,同时又避免了地形地物对物探勘察的工作布置限制。大地电磁测深反演电阻率断面较清晰地反映了地热田导水导热断裂构造的地热地质特征,是基岩构造裂隙带状热储类型的有效勘探方法。  相似文献