Site effects at a vertical accelerometer array near Paducah, Kentucky     

R. Street  Z. Wang  E. Woolery  J. Hunt  J. Harris 《Engineering Geology》1997,46(3-4):349-367

The downhole vertical accelerometer array VSAP near Paducah, KY, consists of three-component accelerometers at the surface, the top of the McNairy Formation (−41 m), and the top of the Paleozoic bedrock (—99 m). The array is at the northern end of the Mississippi Embayment, and it was installed to verify the ground-motion modeling for the site, assuming a significant earthquake in the New Madrid Seismic Zone. Accelerograms from 4.2 and 2.0 m_b earthquakes were used to check aspects of the modeling pertaining to linear behavior of the soil column, and to review the soil column models derived by drilling and geotechnical methods and through the use of high-resolution P- and SH-wave seismic refraction in reflection techniques. Results of the study indicate that for the linear case the soil column models derived by the two techniques are equivalent, and that the most important boundary in the soil column, with respect to amplification of the ground motions, is the interface between the limestone bedrock and soil.  相似文献   

Attenuation differences in layer 2A in intermediate- and slow-spreading oceanic crust     

D. Goldberg  Y.F. Sun 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1997,150(3-4):221-231

In situ seismic attenuationQ⁻¹logs are derived from borehole velocity profiles and reveal sharp boundaries between morphologies of the extrusive volcanic layers in intermediate- and slow-spreading oceanic crust.Q⁻¹logs are calculated from the scattering attenuation associated with vertical velocity heterogeneity in Ocean Drilling Program Holes 504B and 896A and in Hole 395A, located in 5.9–7.3 Ma crust on the Pacific and Atlantic plates, respectively. Our results strongly tie crustal properties to seismic measurables and observed geological structures: we find that the scattering attenuation can be used to identify the extrusive volcanic sequence because it is closely related to changes in the degree of vertical heterogeneity. We interpret a distinct decrease in the Q⁻¹log at the transition below the extrusive volcanic layer to correspond with the seismic layer 2A/2B boundary. The boundary is located at 465 m depth below the sea floor in both Hole 395A and 504B, although this is likely to be a coincidence of the sediment thickness at these sites. Layer 2A is estimated to be approximately 150 m thick in Hole 504B and > 300 m thick in Hole 395A. Cyclic sequences of high-porosity pillows and low-porosity massive units in the uppermost 100 m of volcanics in Hole 395A result in large velocity heterogeneities which cause > 5 times more attenuation in this layer than in Hole 504B. In Hole 896A, by contrast, fewer pillows, more massive flows, and a greater volume of carbonate veins decrease the velocity heterogeneity and attenuation significantly over only 1 km distance from Hole 504B. We conclude that the attenuation in the extrusive volcanics of the ocean crust is largely controlled by variation in local heterogeneity and morphology as well as by subsequent hydrothermal alteration. The observed differences inQ⁻¹profiles and layer 2A thickness at these sites may be attributed to variations in the volume and duration of volcanic activity at mid-ocean spreading centers for these Pacific and Atlantic ridge segments.  相似文献   

油田中,高含水期小层剩余油研究     

马正  桂峰 《地质科技情报》1997,16(2):57-61

综合利用岩心分析、测井及动态开发资料研究了扶余油田西一、二区北的剩余油分布规律，所研制的油田中、高含水期确定小层剩余油分布图，解决了油田开发中的动态预测小层剩余油分布的难题，并且对１９８２年和１９９２年底的剩余油分布规律作了分析。  相似文献   

测井技术在灰岩地区隧道深孔勘探中的应用     

申建平  何红生 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(3):57-60

鄂西地区完整灰岩地层的视电阻率、密度、声波、自然伽马等曲线形态受灰岩胶结物质成份和泥质含量影响并具有一定的规律性，当灰岩地层受到构造、溶蚀作用产生破碎带、岩溶、裂隙等不良地质体或存在地下含水体时，各测井物理参数发生变化并在曲线形态上呈现异常反映，据此可以对不良地质体的位置、规模、类型进行准确判断。测井技术在鄂西地区灰岩地区隧道深孔勘探中的应用，补充、验证了钻探资料，为隧道设计、施工提供了可靠的依据。  相似文献   

用测井方法确定深部隐伏构造的实例一则     

张德权  贺颢  张彦林  陈韶 《物探与化探》2004,28(4):298-299,319

通过1个实例,说明应用测井方法并结合区域地质资料进行综合对比分析,可了解区域范围内地下隐伏构造和不同层系的地层岩性在空间上的展布,找出赋存地下水的有利地段。  相似文献   

中国大陆科学钻探主孔（0～2000m）地球物理测井   总被引：17，自引：5，他引：17  

牛一雄潘和平  王文先朱留方 许东辉 《岩石学报》2004,20(1):165-178

中国大陆科学钻探测井使用了先进的ECLIPS5700成象测井设备，20多种测井方法，原位获取了钻孔剖面岩石的各种物理化学参数、钻孔几何形态、钻孔几何形态参数和井壁图像。建立了结晶变质岩各种测井物性参数剖面。主要有：三种探测深度不同的电阻率[双侧向(RD、RS)、微球聚焦(RMSF)]、自然电位(SP)、自然伽马(GR)、自然伽马能谱(U、Th、K、SGR、CGR)、岩性密度(DEN，Pe)、中子孔隙度(CNL)、多极阵列声波(Vp、Vs、Vst)、超声成象(CBIL)、微电阻扫描成象(MFI伽马(GR)、自然伽马能谱(U、Th、K、SGR、CGR)、岩性密度(DEN，Pe)、中子孔隙度(CNL)、多极阵列声波(Vp、Vs、Vst)、声成象和微电阻扫描成象(STAR-Ⅱ)、井温(T)、磁化率(MS)、井液电阻率(Rm)、井径(CAL)和井斜(DAz、DEV)等。测井响应特征分析研究表明，测井响应变化明显，丰富多彩。可根据测井响应分析发现、识别超基性岩、榴辉岩、角闪岩和正、副片麻岩等主要岩性、分层和恢复岩心缺失井段岩性，研究变质岩源岩和变质环境。包括自然伽马、自然伽马能谱、岩性密度和中子孔隙度(含氢指数)测井的核测井系列在识别和重构变质岩剖面中扮演着举足轻重的角色。科学准确地解决了利用成象测井资料恢复岩心空间位置的难题，国内首次完成了长井段(CCSD-MH孔100～2000米)岩心深度和方位测井归位。给出了钻孔剖面岩层的面理、裂隙、断层和脉体的大小、深度和方向各种构造参数。成果为研究超高压变质带的折返等地下构造问题提供重要的基础资料。还利用测井资料探讨了地震反射体的性质、地应力的大小和方向，及地温梯度、热产率和热流值的分布等。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格庙气田上古生界盒8段地质与地球物理响应特征     

王志雄  徐国盛 《物探化探计算技术》2004,26(1):27-32

苏里格庙气田主要产气层为上古生界石盒子组盒8段，属于三角洲平原分流河道沉积。复合砂体近南北向展布；单砂体的厚度变化大，非均质性明显，储渗变化大。盒8段含气砂岩在AVO资料上有明显反映；在综合测井资料上，盒8段表现出自然伽玛测井值、密度测井值、补偿中子测井值都偏低，电阻率、声波时差测井值较高，出现了大幅度的自然电位异常。利用核磁共振测井技术测得苏里格庙区某井盒8段3555．9m～3559．6m为气层，3560．6m～3572m为气水层，与生产实践吻合得很好。  相似文献   

自适应BP网络在洛带气田测井解释中的应用     

曾宪兵  杨宇  孙来喜  郭春华 《物探化探计算技术》2004,26(2):129-132

应用自适应算法对BP网络进行改进，可以提高BP网络的收敛速度和全局寻优性能。在此基础上，利用多种测井数据及岩心描述资料作为网络模型的学习样本，以测井解释渗透率的神经网络模型为例，通过网络的学习、训练，建立测井解释神经网络模型。并应用此模型，定量计算出多口井的渗透率值，与常规渗透率计算结果相比，BP的解释结果及精度均令人满意，同时还取得了良好的实际应用效果。  相似文献   

Applicability of a Backprojection Algorithm to Reconstruct Images of Subsurface Horizontal Planes for Laboratory Experiments in Electrical Resistance Tomography     

Josep Jordana  Ramon Pallàs-Areny 《Mathematical Geology》2004,36(1):127-141

This paper describes the use of a backprojection algorithm to reconstruct subsurface images of the electrical resistivity in horizontal planes parallel to the surface. The algorithm can be applied to detect buried objects such as tanks or pipes and possible leakages from them. Two imaging strategies are compared: juxtaposition of vertical planes, and 3D reconstruction from the sensitivity matrix corresponding to the entire volume whose surface is explored. The electrode arrays used for voltage measurement are the dipole–dipole array and a modified Schlumberger array. A personal computer controls current injection, electrode switching, and voltage detection. The system injects 1 kHz, 20 V peak-to-peak square waveforms, thus avoiding electrode polarization effects. Experimental laboratory measurements show that the algorithm detects localized objects such as an insulating sphere and a conductive cylinder immersed in water. Furthermore, covering half of the cylinder by a rubber sleeve to simulate a nonconductive leak, yields a distinct image for the leak. The backprojection algorithm does not need any regularization parameter and it is very fast in inverting the sensitivity matrix because it approximates the inverse matrix by its transposed. The dipole–dipole array usually yields a lower overall pixel error than the modified Schlumberger array but both allow the detection of simulated underground leaks.  相似文献   

一种利用测井资料预测岩石可钻性的计算机方法          下载免费PDF全文

夏宏南  杨明合  谭家虎  戴俊  王小建 《探矿工程》2004,31(1):47-49

介绍了一种利用测井资料快速求得岩石可钻性级值的计算机方法。该方法能够比较准确地预测岩石可钻性，快速做出连续的地层可钻性剖面图。室内微钻头可钻性试验和江汉油田现场应用验证表明：该系统具有比较高的可靠性，是可以投入油田现场应用的。  相似文献