伏牛山构造带变质流体脉变形特征及构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

任升莲  宋传中  Lin Shoufa  李加好  涂文传  马涛  宫龙  黄鹏  颊建  杨帆  刘乐 《地质科学》2013,(3):626-637

伏牛山构造带由多条近平行的断裂带和夹持其间的变形岩片组成,洛南-栾川断裂带和瓦穴子-乔端断裂带为其中的两条主要断裂带。这两条断裂带虽遭受多期强烈构造活动的影响,但主造山期的构造特征至今仍然保存完好,并以中深层次的韧性剪切变形为主,形成了典型的糜棱岩和同构造期石英脉。本文从宏观、微观、超微观变形特征及年龄等方面对这些变质流体脉进行了研究,以探讨与其形成密切相关的构造活动特征、年代及其在秦岭造山带和华北板块南缘强变形带中的作用。石英脉中石英颗粒动态重结晶特征总体显示远离剪切带只有少量的膨凸式,靠近断裂带为亚颗粒式,形成核-幔结构,位错特征显示远离剪切带位错密度较小,靠近断裂带较大,位错形态显示瓦乔断裂带以挤压为主,洛南-栾川断裂带以剪切为主。两条断裂带石英脉的变形特征说明它们的糜棱岩化过程均为塑性变形中的晶质塑性变形,形成过程均为挤压在先,剪切在后。所测糜棱岩中石英脉的ESR年龄分别为372.9±30.0 Ma、275.0±20.0 Ma和218.0±20.0 Ma,真实地记录了晚加里东至中-晚海西期北秦岭的构造活动及所受影响。其中372.9±30.0 Ma是宽坪岩块向华北板块下的斜向俯冲汇聚和走滑的年代, 275.0±20.0 Ma是瓦乔断裂带的形成年龄。218.0±20.0 Ma的年龄则反映了华南、华北两大板块印支晚期全面闭合作用在秦岭造山带内部的影响。从以上3个年龄可以看出:北秦岭各构造带自北向南演化,时代上自北向南变新。  相似文献   

Morphology and kinematics of boudinage vein systems,Great Keppel Island,Queensland     

J. V. Smith 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):807-815

Strongly boudinaged sandstone beds in a Palaeozoic accretionary complex are exposed on Great Keppel Island, off the central Queensland coast. Viewed in profile, the boudins are folded around mesoscopic F₂ hinge zones and overprinted by S₂ foliation indicating formation either during Late Carboniferous subduction accretion (D₁) or during a previously unrecognised discrete early phase of the Permian deformation (D₂). Boudin profiles record an average stretch of 1.51, although the contribution of D₂ and later deformation is not determined. Viewed in the plane of bedding, vein traces are variable and oblique to boudin necks by an average of 12° anticlockwise. The overall en echelon arrangement of veins in boudin necks is a primary feature of the structure and cannot be attributed to later deformation. This pattern of veining indicates oblique extension of the boudin necks by low‐vorticity non‐coaxial flow within the plane of bedding. One possible setting with such kinematics is the limb of a non‐cylindrical fold.  相似文献   

混合料贮料仓离析现象试验研究     

秦雯  沙爱民  胡倩 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z1):99-102

针对混合料生产过程中贮料仓卸料时可能出现的离析现象,通过室内小型模拟试验,观测集料从仓体流出的过程,分析流出材料颗粒组成均匀性的变化特点。结果表明,混合料贮料仓卸料时的离析现象主要是由于细料向下渗透而产生的,集料下落时,细料在自重力作用下通过空隙结构向下渗透,集料发生离析;集料粒径比、分布宽度、平均粒径等因素的变化使料仓中形成不同的集料的空隙结构,使得细料的渗透作用的发生程度不同,从而引起集料离析程度的差异。  相似文献   

大青山逆冲推覆构造形成演化过程的流体证据          下载免费PDF全文

刘正宏徐仲元  王可勇杨振升 《地学前缘》2009,16(3):261-269

大青山逆冲断层带内热液脉体十分发育,按其产状可划分为充填脉和边缘脉。根据形成时间主要划分为3期:早期石英脉、中期石英脉和晚期方解石脉。早期石英脉中流体包裹体类型较为复杂,见有气液两相、含CO2三相、纯CO2及少量单液相等4种类型原生包裹体,分析表明流体主要来源于地壳深部或上地幔。中期石英脉中主要发育气液两相包裹体和少量单液相包裹体,流体主要来源于大气降水,并且有少量岩浆热液混入。晚期方解石脉内仅含有气液两相包裹体及少量的单液相包体,流体主要来源于层间建造水。根据逆冲变形事件期次、时间,结合热液脉体形成深度数据,确定了大青山逆冲推覆体系变形演化历史:印支期逆冲推覆事件发生在地壳7～8 km深度,燕山中期逆冲推覆事件发生在3～6 km范围内,而燕山晚期逆冲推覆事件发生近地表2 km范围内。  相似文献   

沥青路面反射裂纹温度应力的数值模拟     

苗雨  万云冬  董玉凯 《岩土力学》2007,28(Z1):343-347

考虑了沥青的黏弹性,结合传热学理论,通过有限元数值模拟研究了在温度场作用下反射裂纹的应力场,探讨了不同温度场及不同道路设计参数对裂纹温度应力的影响。研究表明,由于气温交替变化,基层裂纹附近应力大于沥青的抗拉强度,进而导致裂纹扩展到路面形成路面裂纹。提出了采用聚合物纤维土工织物阻裂方案,通过数值模拟验证了其有效性。  相似文献   

陕西蓝田灞源一带金矿地质特征及成因浅析     

隗合明  于凤池  马国良 《地球科学与环境学报》1996,(1)

本文通过分析灞源地区的赋矿地层、岩浆岩及断裂构造与金矿形成的关系，查明了控制金矿形成与分布的地质条件，并重点论述了金矿床的产出、矿化类型、围岩蚀变和含金矿物等主要地质特征。最后根据矿床地球化学特征综合分析阐明本区金矿床的岩浆热液成因。  相似文献   

Borosilicate- and phengite-bearing veins from the Grenville Province of Labrador: evidence for rapid uplift     

F. J. KORHONEN  J. H. STOUT 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2005,23(5):297-311

Quartzo‐feldspathic veins emplaced within a migmatite terrane near Wilson Lake in the Grenville Province of central Labrador record a metamorphic event not evident in the host rocks. The discordant veins are undeformed and have undisturbed primary igneous/hydrothermal textures. Most of the veins contain euhedral kyanite, as well as aggregates of kyanite, K‐feldspar, phlogopite and minor dumortierite which are likely pseudomorphs after primary phengite. The reconstructed phengite compositions range from 3.1 to 3.2 Si per 11 oxygen formula unit. The pseudomorph assemblage is interpreted as the product of phengite + quartz melting under H₂O‐undersaturated conditions, which brackets P–T conditions of formation to about 9–16 kbar and 775–875 °C. A parallel vein that is likely of the same generation contains the borosilicate phases, dumortierite, prismatine and grandidierite, but no kyanite. The borosilicate assemblages constrain the P–T conditions of vein crystallization to ≥10 kbar and c. 750–850 °C. Vein emplacement is constrained to T ≤ 875 °C at the same pressures, which is well within the kyanite zone. Because the host rocks and veins must have experienced the same P–T history following vein emplacement, the presence of unreacted sillimanite in the host migmatites implies insufficient time for host rock equilibration. Slow reaction rates because of anhydrous conditions are not a likely explanation given the abundance of biotite and hornblende in the host rocks. The ductility implied by the breakdown of a hydrous phase (phengite) and the production of an H₂O‐undersaturated melt in the veins contrasts with the apparently brittle behaviour of the host rocks. The absence of deformation since the time of vein emplacement, even at temperatures above 750 °C, suggests that the deep crust in this part of Labrador had a very short residence time under conditions of the kyanite zone. Rapid decompression from those conditions is consistent with quartz + phengite melting and accounts for the relatively brittle behaviour of the terrane as it was uplifted.  相似文献   

华北地台中元古代串岭沟组页岩中的砂脉构造:17亿年前甲烷气逃逸的沉积标识?   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史晓颖  蒋干清  张传恒  刘娟  高林志 《地球科学》2008,33(5)

华北地台中元古界串岭沟组暗色页岩中发育一种特殊的砂质脉状构造;层面上表现为不规则密集分布的细砂脊,垂向上由不连续薄砂层和近于直立的"肠状"砂脉体相交互组成.浅色砂脉由较纯的石英粉砂-细砂组成,含微量自生白云石、菱铁矿及微晶碳酸盐岩斑块,与黑色泥质围岩边界截然.研究表明,砂脉构造可能是在早期成岩阶段前由来自薄砂层的细-粉砂灌入甲烷缓慢逃逸通道而成,并由于压实缩短而褶皱成"肠状".薄砂层与黑色页岩形成的能量条件完全不同,可能系由风暴将海岸带或砂坝细砂带入低能环境而形成;甲烷源自沉积中埋藏的微生物席腐烂分解.围岩层面有微生物席成因微皱痕和气体逃逸形成的气泡构造,围岩中发现有细菌化石和草霉状黄铁矿.串岭沟组中密集发育的砂脉构造是目前地层中识别的最古老的甲烷排放证据,并有可能作为指示地质时期陆源碎屑沉积环境甲烷逃逸的沉积标识.大量高效温室气体进入大气圈可能是导致元古宙地球表层高温室气候和无冰川发育的重要原因.  相似文献   

柿竹园钨多金属矽卡岩-云英岩与铅锌银矿脉C、H、O、Pb同位素地球化学研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

吴胜华  戴盼  王旭东 《矿床地质》2016,35(3):633-647

柿竹园W_Sn_Mo_Bi_Pb_Zn_Ag矿田是南岭地区典型多金属矿田,其具有显著的蚀变_成矿分带特征:近接触带矽卡岩-云英岩型W_Sn_Mo_Bi矿床(如柿竹园、金船塘、柴山地区)和远接触带脉状Pb_Zn_Ag矿床(如蛇形坪、横山岭、百步窿、枞树板地区)。通过对远—近接触带中主要蚀变岩石和矿石样品的C、H、O、Pb同位素研究,发现在近接触带块状矽卡岩中方解石的δ~(13)C和δ~(18)O值分别在-6.5‰~-3.6‰和4.8‰~8.4‰之间,远接触带Pb_Zn_Ag矿脉中团块状和脉状方解石的δ~(13)C和δ~(18)O值分别在-3.5‰~-1.5‰和8.1‰~15.8‰之间,表明矽卡岩形成于岩浆热液流体的渗滤交代作用,而远接触带碳酸盐脉的形成与热液流体沿灰岩裂隙充填过程中的水岩反应相关。近接触带块状云英岩中石英的δD_(H_2O)和δ_(18)O_(H_2O)值分别为-77‰和5.1‰,矽卡岩中石榴子石的δD_(H_2O)值为-97‰,δ_(18)O_(H_2O)值范围在9.2‰~9.4‰,网脉状云英岩中石英的δD_(H_2O)和δ_(18)O_(H_2O)值分别为-83‰和-8.2‰,退化蚀变矽卡岩中石英的δD_(H_2O)和δ_(18)O_(H_2O)值分别为-65‰和-4.2‰,远接触带石英脉中石英样品的δD_(H_2O)和δ_(18)O_(H_2O)值分别为-83‰和2.8‰,表明近接触带的块状矽卡岩和云英岩与远接触带石英脉成矿流体具有岩浆水的特征,而网脉状云英岩和退化蚀变矽卡岩成矿流体具有岩浆流体与大气水混合的特征。远—近接触带中方铅矿的206Pb/204Pb值范围18.565~18.622,207Pb/204Pb值范围15.694~15.738,208Pb/204Pb值范围38.819~38.986,表明Pb等金属元素来源于上地壳。  相似文献   

Inverse analysis of viscoelastic pavement properties using data from embedded instrumentation     

Eyal Levenberg 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(9):1016-1033

The paper deals with inferring the mechanical layer properties of pavement systems by way of inverse analysis. The proposed scheme is based on the availability of sensory gear embedded within the system ‐ collecting different types of response traces resulting from moving wheel loads. The inverse analysis task simultaneously exploits the readings from all available sensors and therefore formulated as a multicriterion optimization problem. Data from an experimental asphalt pavement are employed to demonstrate the scheme. A versatile and computationally efficient layered viscoelastic pavement model is offered and implemented as a forward solver. Recoverable layer properties, elastic and viscoelastic, are derived and also compared with laboratory values. Results and possible future uses of the work are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献