济阳坳陷罗家地区各向异性页岩储层全波场地震响应模拟及分析     

邓馨卉  刘财  郭智奇  刘喜武  刘宇巍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(4):1231-1243

济阳坳陷罗家地区页岩储层的固有各向异性及水平层理发育使得储层呈现VTI（vertical transversely isotropy）各向异性,而VTI各向异性背景下垂直裂缝的发育使得储层进一步呈现等效正交各向异性特征。本文以正交各向异性介质作为罗家页岩油储层模型,在岩石物理建模中应用Backus平均理论将测井尺度的VTI各向异性粗化至地震尺度,并利用Schoenberg理论在VTI各向异性背景中引入垂直裂缝,进而得到正交各向异性等效介质模型,同时考虑裂缝尺度和流体填充等因素。之后,应用各向异性反射率法进行全波场地震正演模拟,计算正交各向异性页岩油储层AVAZ（amplitude versus azimuth）响应,通过振幅的方位特征进行储层裂缝识别。计算结果表明,PP波、PSV波和PSH波方位振幅响应各不相同,且方位振幅分布图的拟合形状可反映裂缝的发育方向,为页岩油储层中裂缝的地震识别提供依据。  相似文献   

Efficiency of cosmic ray reflections from an ultrarelativistic shock wave     

J. Bednarz  M. Ostrowski 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,310(1):L11-L13

The process of cosmic ray acceleration up to energies in excess of 10²⁰ eV at relativistic shock waves with large Lorentz factors, Γ≫1, requires ∼Γ² particle energy gains at single reflections from the shock (cf. Gallant & Achterberg). In the present Letter , by applying numerical simulations we address an efficiency problem arising for such models. The actual efficiency of the acceleration process is expected to be substantially lower than the estimates of previous authors.  相似文献   

含金破碎蚀变带地面伽玛能谱特征——以吉林伊通新家地区为例     

马俊孝  李之彤  刘海山  杨森 《地质与资源》1999,8(1):45-48

放射性方法是重要的地球物理勘查方法之一.本文以吉林省中部伊通新家地区为例,讨论了一定地质条件下含金破碎蚀变带的地面伽玛能谱特征和放射性异常组合型式,提供了放射性方法应用于金矿勘查的一个实例  相似文献   

Regional flood frequency analysis using support vector regression in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran     

Ebrahim Sharifi Garmdareh  Seyed Saeid Eslamian 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(3):426-440

Regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) was carried out on data for 55 hydrometric stations in Namak Lake basin, Iran, for the period 1992–2012. Flood discharge of specific return periods was computed based on the log Pearson Type III distribution, selected as the best regional distribution. Independent variables, including physiographic, meteorological, geological and land-use variables, were derived and, using three strategies – gamma test (GT), GT plus classification and expert opinion – the best input combination was selected. To select the best technique for regionalization, support vector regression (SVR), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), artificial neural network (ANN) and nonlinear regression (NLR) techniques were applied to predict peak flood discharge for 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50- and 100-year return periods. The GT + ANFIS and GT + SVR models gave better performance than the ANN and NLR models in the RFFA. The results of the input variable selection showed that the GT technique improved the model performance.  相似文献   

伽马天文观测技术综述          下载免费PDF全文

冯思亮  范鹏  胡一凡  马天予  夏彦 《天文学报》2021,62(1):6-81

伽马射线作为宇宙中极端事件的独特探针,探测伽马射线是人们了解宇宙构成、星体演化和宇宙线起源等的重要途经.伽马天文涉及了宇宙中的各种前沿科学问题并且观测所需能谱跨度极宽(102 keV–102 TeV),针对不同的科学目标和细分谱段,必须利用不同的伽马望远镜探测技术.总结了空间和地面的共5大类伽马射线观测技术,分别是编码孔径望远镜、康普顿望远镜、电子对望远镜、成像大气切伦科夫望远镜和广延大气簇射阵列;回顾了70 yr来在观测设备和技术进步的推动下伽马射线天文学领域的巨大进展,其中包含高能和甚高能谱段取得的大量成就,中低能段由于已有观测任务有限以及灵敏度低,超高能和极高能段由于观测难度大、起步时间晚,数据和成果相对其他谱段产出较少;展望了未来已经规划的伽马望远镜任务、能力及预期科学产出,其中,中低能段空间望远镜增强型ASTROGAM望远镜(e-ASTROGAM)、全天区中能伽马射线观测站(AMEGO)和甚高能段地面望远镜阵列高海拔宇宙线观测站(LHAASO)、切伦科夫望远镜阵列(CTA),由于灵敏度较同谱段已有任务灵敏度有大幅提升,极有可能在20 yr内从不同角度再度扩展人类对伽马宇宙的认知.  相似文献   

Identifying large‐scale erosion and deposition processes from airborne gamma radiometrics and digital elevation models in a weathered landscape     

Geoff Pickup  Alan Marks 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2000,25(5):535-557

Patterns of erosion and deposition are difficult to identify and measure at catchment and regional scale but it may be possible to infer their distribution from remote sensing using easily measured surrogate variables. Airborne geophysical surveys provide data on gamma ray emissions from surface and near‐surface material and allow estimation of K, Th and U content. Gamma ray signatures are largely determined by lithology but also change with weathering and with erosion and deposition, and may be used as a partial surrogate for those processes. Comparison of gamma ray signatures with topographic characteristics closely related to sediment transport capacity, downstream sorting of sediments, and the extent of erosion and deposition shows strong linkages. Studies in four small catchments in southeastern Australia indicate that K consistently increases as slopes become steeper while Th and U may either increase or decrease. This suggests the presence of fresh rock rather than weathered material and implies removal of material by erosion, although some patterns may result from systematic changes in lithology across catchments. Analysis by lithology confirms the increase in K with slope in granites, metamorphosed sediments and basalt, and also shows a tendency for U to decrease with slope in the granites and basalt. Gamma ray emissions vary only slightly with catchment area (a surrogate measure of water discharge) suggesting that water erosion is limited or that discharge is not closely related to area. Gamma radiometric profiles down hillslopes, averaged across the full range of gradients, show that, in most cases, radioelements initially decrease, probably reflecting increased weathering, but then increase close to valley floors because of accumulation of fine sediments. Analysis by lithology confirms the increase in radioelements close to valley floors in granites and metamorphosed sediments but the trend is less clear in basalt. Gamma ray profiles down floodplains are variable and indicate the amount of deposition and accumulation of weathered material in valley openings and exposure of bedrock in valley constrictions. Simple erosion and deposition models, based on the conservation of mass equation, and applied to the four catchments, show that all radioelements increase as the potential for deposition increases. They reach a low point in zones of no net erosion or deposition and subsequently increase as erosion becomes more intense and weathered material is lost from slopes. Analysis by lithology largely confirms this pattern. The usefulness of airborne geophysical survey data is limited by flight line spacing with most data being flown at a 200–400 m spacing in Australia. However, general trends in erosion and deposition can still be distinguished and there is capacity for calibrating long‐term erosion and deposition models once better approaches to interpretation of gamma ray data have been developed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

贵州地区CMORPH卫星降水产品的误差订正     

王福增  何山  谷晓平  于飞  杨玲 《热带气象学报》2021,37(2):166-174

CMORPH卫星反演降水产品具有全天候、全球覆盖的特点,其时空分布相对均匀、独立,但是CMORPH本质上是通过间接手段反演得到,其降水精度无法与地面观测降水精度相比,并且存在一定的系统误差.结合地面自动站降水资料采用概率密度匹配法对贵州地区CMORPH卫星反演降水产品进行系统误差订正,该方法将每个格点的卫星降水累积概率...  相似文献   

走航式海洋放射性物质探测仪试验与应用初探          下载免费PDF全文

郑江龙  许江  曲广卫  钟贵才  房旭东 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(3):425-432

走航式海洋放射性物质探测是一种高效、经济的海洋地球物理勘探方法,其应用范围包括海洋环境放射性污染监测、海洋地质矿产勘查以及海洋工程地质调查等。本试验的探测器由大体积碘化钠晶体(5R5)、前置放大器、数字化谱仪以及减压缓震材料等部件组成;配套软件功能齐全,操作简便、智能。室内稳定性测试、分辨力测试、铯-137源测试、海上现场试验结果表明,该探测仪性能稳定、能量分辨力高、灵敏度高。此外,初步试验结果表明,探测仪对不同物质的响应有明显的差异,能够根据其探测结果对物质进行放射性分类,对海底沉积物的分类研究也有很大的应用前景。  相似文献   

广西花山航空伽马能谱特征及找矿预测          下载免费PDF全文

林曼曼  董根旺  李海明  王猛  宋洋洋  刘媛媛 《地质找矿论丛》2022,37(3):377-383

广西花山岩体为多期（次）侵位花岗岩体，在岩体内部具有良好的铀成矿地质条件。文章基于航空伽马能谱实测资料，对花山花岗岩体的放射性分布特征进行了研究。研究结果显示，花山岩体整体处于放射性偏高场-高场区域，岩体中心偏南部位的铀含量有明显增高趋势，望高单元的核部和华美单元具有明显的铀迁入特征，F参数高值区分布在望高单元的核部，根据元素的迁移富集规律，圈定出铀矿成矿的有利部位，为扩大华南地区铀矿勘探区域提供了地球物理基础资料。  相似文献   

On the time variability of γ‐ray sources: a numerical analysis of variability indices     

D.F. Torres  M.E. Pessah  G.E. Romero 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2001,322(4):223-227

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