松辽平原西部水文地质空间数据库建设方法     

李春霞  徐人愉  赵志云 《吉林地质》2005,24(4):116-120

松辽平原西部地下水资源调查评价水文地质空间数据库应用MapGis软件作为图形工具平台,在建库过程中,遵循统一的建库标准和工作指南,进行属性数据库和空间数据库的建设.  相似文献   

杭州湾南北两岸岸线变迁遥感动态调查   总被引：15，自引：5，他引：15  

杨金中  李志中  赵玉灵 《国土资源遥感》2002,13(1):23-28

以多时相遥感资料为基础,利用遥感数据的时间和空间特点,对杭州湾南北两岸的岸线进行了遥感调查,查明了岸线变迁规律及影响因素,为杭州湾合理开发、管理和保护提供了依据。  相似文献   

3D-Modflow在模拟库岸滑坡工程地下水分布中的应用初探   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

朱冬林  聂德新  葛修润 《岩土力学》2002,23(3):378-381

应用3D-Modflow软件模拟库岸滑坡工程中的地下水分布,介绍了Modflow求解的一般过程,模拟了库岸滑坡工程中的局部注水和库水位变化时地下水分布,并探讨了其与稳定性分析的相结合可行性。  相似文献   

郑州黄河岸边开采地下水对大堤稳定性影响     

宋志敏 《中国煤田地质》2001,13(1):48-50

通过对郑州市黄河大堤一线土体的沉降，压密固结，饱水砂土的地震液化研究，认为黄河大堤附近浅层地下水开采后所诱发的地面沉降，固结过程，不会对大堤造成危害，而饱水砂土的水位降低，还会减轻或消除地震时液化砂土现象，对大堤的稳定性有利。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variations in bank erosion on sand‐bed streams in the seasonally wet tropics of northern Australia     

M. J. Saynor  Wayne D. Erskine 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(9):1080-1099

Bank erosion rates and processes across a range of spatial scales are poorly understood in most environments, especially in the seasonally wet tropics of northern Australia where sediment yields are among global minima. A total of 177 erosion pins was installed at 45 sites on four sand‐bed streams (Tributaries North and Central, East Tributary and Ngarradj) in the Ngarradj catchment in the Alligator Rivers Region. Bank erosion was measured for up to 3·5 years (start of 1998/99 wet season to end of 2001/02 wet season) at three spatial scales, namely a discontinuous gully (0·6 km²) that was initiated by erosion of a grass swale between 1975 and 1981, a small continuous channel (2·5 km²) on an alluvial fan that was formed by incision of a formerly discontinuous channel between 1964 and 1978, and three medium‐sized, continuous channels (8·5–43·6 km²) with riparian vegetation. The bank erosion measurements during a period of average to above‐average rainfall established that substantial bank erosion occurred during the wet season on the two smaller channels by rapid lateral migration (Tributary Central) and by erosion of gully sidewalls due to a combination of within‐gully flows and overland flow plunging over the sidewalls (Tributary North). Minor bank erosion also occurred during the dry season by faunal activity, by desiccation and loss of cohesion of the sandy bank sediments and by dry flow processes. The larger channels with riparian vegetation (East Tributary and Ngarradj) did not generate significant amounts of sediment by bank erosion. Deposition (i.e. negative pin values) was locally significant at all scales. Bank profile form and channel planform exert a strong control on erosion rates during the wet season but not during the dry season. Copyright © 2006 Commonwealth Government of Australia.  相似文献   

川中—川南过渡带嘉陵江组二段沉积相及其展布特征   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

雷卞军周跃宗  杨金利郭贵安赵永刚  周慧成 《中国地质》2006,33(5):1149-1158

川中—川南过渡带下三叠统嘉陵江组划分为局限台地相、蒸发台地相、开阔台地相3个相,8个亚相(开阔潮下、台内滩、台内雏滩、局限潟湖、台内洼地、局限潮坪、蒸发潟湖、蒸发潮坪)和18个微相。区域上嘉陵江组二段纵、横向沉积相对比结果表明:嘉陵江组二段沉积相横向上较均一、相变化较小;沉积相垂向上变化在较大范围内具有同步性。嘉二段共分5个作图单元,采取单因素法和优势相法相结合,并融合了层序地层学研究成果,较精确地展示了嘉陵江组二段不同层段的沉积相展布和演化。相对海平面升降变化和碳酸盐台地内隆坳相间古微地貌共同控制着沉积相带展布和演化。嘉陵江组二段以局限台地相和蒸发台地相为主,储集体有利发育相带是台内雏滩亚相和局限潮坪亚相,台内雏滩发育于潮坪与潟湖的过渡区附近相对高能带,局限潮坪则分布广泛。  相似文献   

重庆市镇安场变形体与库岸岸勘查治理     

付治国  印修章  田修启 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(1):28-32

对镇安场变形体、库岸特征及其稳定性研究目的是为三峡水库区三期地质灾害勘察与治理提供参考依据。通过对该变形体的工程地质勘察,取得了变形体及滑移带的近期变形特征,确定出变形体的稳定系数。给出变形体在天然状态下、连续高强度暴雨、水库蓄水位达175m及降至145m时荷载受力情况下的一系列参数,并作出稳定性简评。通过对库岸现状的定量勘查,采用对未来坍岸破坏方式的预测,用类比及计算法得出当库水位动、静态发生改变时变形体的变形情况及变形体与库岸防治设计的有关参数。其中浅基础下岩石地基承载力的经验参数为:强风化泥岩300kPa,强风化砂岩500kPa,中等风化泥岩1000kPa,中等风化砂岩2000kPa;基底摩擦系数为:泥岩0.4,砂岩0.5;墙后填土重度20kN/m3。按上述各项参数实施防治措施将取得较好的效果。  相似文献   

长江口岸带冲淤及后备土地资源的沉降效应——以上海崇明东滩为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

龚士良  杨世伦 《水文》2007,27(5):78-82

长江口入海泥沙的淤积是上海后备土地资源的重要来源，分析岸带冲淤的演变．有助于对岸带经济圈特别是围垦促淤地区因经济工程活动引发的地面沉降问题的剖析。本文以上海崇明东滩为例，分析30年来的冲淤变化及未来趋势，并据此对新近沉积土的地面沉降效应作简要阐述。  相似文献   

河北沿海海侵灾害初探   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

萧嗣荣  穆仲义 《地理研究》1998,17(1):75-81

文中以包含海进、海岸侵蚀和海水入侵的广义“海侵”概念,论述河北沿海地区海侵现状及其危害,探讨海侵产生的自然原因和人为活动的影响,在此基础上,评估海侵发展趋势。  相似文献   

Streambank dewatering for increased stability     

F. Douglas Shields Jr  Andrew Simon  Seth M. Dabney 《水文研究》2009,23(11):1537-1547

Streambank erosion is often the dominant source of sediment leaving modified watersheds. Mass failure of high, steep banks is one of the most serious forms of streambank erosion. The risk of a given bank experiencing mass failure is a function of bank height, angle, and soil strength, which is governed by soil moisture. Two methods for bank dewatering were tested in adjacent sections of streambank bordering a deeply incised channel in northern Mississippi: a low‐cost pump system and subsurface horizontal drains. Pore water pressures (both positive and negative pressures, or matric suction) were continuously monitored for 2 years at the pumped site, at an adjacent untreated control section, and for 1 year at the site stabilized with horizontal drains. Resulting data were used to calculate a time series of the factor of safety using a computer model. Over the course of two wet seasons, average bank retreats for the control and pumped plots were 0·43 and 0·21 m, respectively. More limited monitoring revealed that the site with passive drains retreated about 0·23 m. At the pumped site pore water pressure was 3–4 kPa lower than at the control site during the most critical periods. Accordingly, computed factors of safety were above the failure threshold at the pumped site, but fell below unity at the control site on 11 occasions over the period of observation. Similarly, the drained site displayed generally lower pore water pressure and higher safety factors except for two events when drains were evidently overwhelmed with the volume of local surface and subsurface flows. These results suggest, but do not prove, that bank dewatering promoted lower rates of bank retreat and higher levels of stability since the three sites had slight differences in soils, geometry and boundary conditions. Initial cost of the dewatering treatments were significantly less than orthodox bank stabilization measures, but operation and maintenance requirements may be greater. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献