排序方式： 共有56条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
铅芯橡胶支座（lead-rubber bearing,LRB）是目前应用最为广泛的减隔震装置,普遍应用于建筑、桥梁、储罐和核电站等结构,其抗震性能已在屡次地震中得以验证。当LRB承受大幅值的往复变形时,其力学性能受内部铅芯发热的影响而发生显著变化,主要表现在滞回耗能、特征强度和刚度的降低等方面。首先,总结了铅芯橡胶支座及其结构在以往地震中的震害情况,介绍了预测LRB内部铅芯变形发热和温度升高的理论及近似求解方法,以及基于试验和有限元的验证方法及注意事项;其次,概述了LRB因内部铅芯变形发热导致其强度退化的分析模型和强度退化对结构地震反应的影响;最后,归纳了隔震结构在进行模型试验时,铅芯橡胶支座的相似理论和缩尺问题。 相似文献
32.
Nicos Makris 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(2):269-283
Seismic isolation or “aseismic base isolation” is an earthquake protection strategy that aims to uncouple the motion of a structure from the ground shaking and thereby reduce structural forces. A most effective and successful seismic protection technology, seismic isolation, is by now a mature and viable alternative to traditional capacity design and has been implemented in numerous bridges, buildings, and other special structures worldwide. This paper records the origins and early developments (up to the early 1990s) of seismic isolation. 相似文献
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Storage tanks are vulnerable to earthquakes, as numerous major earthquakes have demonstrated. The trend of recent revisions to make seismic design criteria for large‐scale industrial storage tanks increasingly stringent has made development of cost‐effective earthquake‐resistant design and retrofit techniques for industrial tanks imperative. This study assesses the feasibility of seismic base isolation for making liquid‐filled storage tanks earthquake resistant. The sliding‐type friction pendulum seismic (FPS) bearings are considered rather than the elastomeric bearings because the dynamic characteristics of an FPS‐isolated tank remain unchanged regardless of the storage level. This work has devised a hybrid structural‐hydrodynamic model and solution algorithm, which would permit simple, accurate and efficient assessment of the seismic response of rigid cylindrical storage tanks in the context of seismic isolation. Extensive numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of seismic base isolation of rigid cylindrical tanks using FPS bearings. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
35.
An advanced analytical model for high damping rubber bearings 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Base‐isolation technologies have been developed over the years in attempts to mitigate the effects of earthquakes on structures and potentially vulnerable contents in earthquake prone areas of the world. The high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) is a relatively recent and evolving technology of this kind. The isolator shifts the fundamental period of the base‐isolated structure to a value beyond the range of the plentiful energy‐containing periods of earthquake motions and supplies significant damping to dissipate energy caused by motions. Nevertheless, the highly non‐linear mechanical behaviour of the HDRB is so complex, especially at large strains, that it is difficult to model it analytically. In this paper, an extensive study of experimental tests for identifying the mechanical characteristics of the HDRB is presented. By modifying the Wen's model to include the rate‐dependent effects, an advanced analytical model in an incremental form for the HDRB is also proposed. A very good agreement between the analytical and experimental results has been obtained. It is illustrated that the proposed mathematical model can predict well the mechanical behaviour of HDRB bearings, even at large shear strain. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
36.
Mauro Dolce Donatello Cardone Giuseppe Palermo 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2007,5(4):491-509
Three different isolation systems (IS’s) for bridges and viaducts are considered in the present study. All of them are made
of steel-PTFE sliding bearings (SB) to support the weight of the deck and auxiliary devices, based on different technologies
and materials (i.e. rubber, steel and shape memory alloys), to provide re-centring and/or additional energy dissipating capability.
An extensive numerical investigation has been carried out in order to (i) assess the reliability of different design approaches,
(ii) compare the response of different types of IS’s, (iii) evaluate the sensitivity of the structural response to friction
variability due to bearing pressure, air temperature and state of lubrication and (iv) identify the response variations caused
by changes in the ground motion, bridge and isolation characteristics. The nonlinear time-history analyses have been carried
out using a simplified pier-deck model, where the pier is modelled as an elastic cantilever beam and the mass of the deck
is connected to the pier through suitable nonlinear elements, simulating the behaviour of the IS. Both artificial and natural
seismic excitations have been used in the nonlinear dynamic analyses. 相似文献
37.
The accurate analysis of the seismic response of isolated structures requires incorporation of the flexibility of supporting soil.However,it is often customary to idealize the soil as rigid during the analysis of such structures.In this paper,seismic response time history analyses of base-isolated buildings modelled as linear single degree-of-freedom(SDOF) and multi degree-of-freedom(MDOF) systems with linear and nonlinear base models considering and ignoring the flexibility of supporting soil are conducted.The flexibility of supporting soil is modelled through a lumped parameter model consisting of swaying and rocking spring-dashpots.In the analysis,a large number of parametric studies for different earthquake excitations with three different peak ground acceleration(PGA) levels,different natural periods of the building models,and different shear wave velocities in the soil are considered.For the isolation system,laminated rubber bearings(LRBs) as well as high damping rubber bearings(HDRBs) are used.Responses of the isolated buildings with and without SSI are compared under different ground motions leading to the following conclusions:(1) soil flexibility may considerably influence the stiff superstructure response and may only slightly influence the response of the flexible structures;(2) the use of HDRBs for the isolation system induces higher structural peak responses with SSI compared to the system with LRBs;(3) although the peak response is affected by the incorporation of soil flexibility,it appears insensitive to the variation of shear wave velocity in the soil;(4) the response amplifications of the SDOF system become closer to unit with the increase in the natural period of the building,indicating an inverse relationship between SSI effects and natural periods for all the considered ground motions,base isolations and shear wave velocities;(5) the incorporation of SSI increases the number of significant cycles of large amplitude accelerations for all the stories,especially for earthquakes with low and moderate PGA levels;and(6) buildings with a linear LRB base-isolation system exhibit larger differences in displacement and acceleration amplifications,especially at the level of the lower stories. 相似文献
38.
Structural and nonstructural performance of a seismically isolated building using stable unbonded fiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolators 
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下载免费PDF全文 Stable unbonded fiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolators (SU‐FREIs) exhibit a characteristic horizontal softening and stiffening response, similar to other adaptive devices such as the triple friction pendulum and sliding systems with variable curvature. The transition between the softening and stiffening occurs at a displacement corresponding to a unique deformation known as full rollover. In this paper, the full rollover displacement of SU‐FREIs is altered by using modified support geometry (MSG), a geometric modification of the upper and lower supports applied to tailor the hysteresis loops of the isolator. Experimental results are used to calibrate a numerical model of a base‐isolated structure. The model demonstrates that the stiffening regime provides minimal restraint against displacements during events that meet or exceed the maximum considered earthquake. A parametric study revealed that the level of stiffening required to restrain displacements during large events is significant. This increase in stiffness is reflected in an increase in the response of the structure and light nonstructural components. Full rollover and MSG is considered advantageous to maintain horizontal stability and provide control over the stiffening of SU‐FREIs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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铅芯夹层橡胶隔震垫基本力学性能研究 总被引：24，自引：4，他引：20
本文详细地研究了中国铅芯夹层橡胶隔震垫的基本力学性能,主要包括隔震垫的竖向,水平特性及极限承载能力,在竖向性能方面研究了隔震垫的竖向刚度及变形特性;水平性能的研究包括水平有效刚度和阻尼特性;极限承载能力的研究包括隔震垫的压缩破坏。 相似文献
40.
Experimental study of deformable connection consisting of friction device and rubber bearings to connect floor system to lateral force resisting system 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(4):1032-1053
This paper presents experimental and numerical studies of a full‐scale deformable connection used to connect the floor system of the flexible gravity load resisting system to the stiff lateral force resisting system (LFRS) of an earthquake‐resistant building. The purpose of the deformable connection is to limit the earthquake‐induced horizontal inertia force transferred from the floor system to the LFRS and thereby to reduce the horizontal floor accelerations and the forces in the LFRS. The deformable connection that was studied consists of a friction device (FD) and carbon fiber‐reinforced laminated low‐damping rubber bearings (RB), denoted as the FD + RB connection. The test results show that the force‐deformation responses of the FD + RB connection are stable under quasi‐static sinusoidal and earthquake loading histories and dynamic sinusoidal loading histories. The FD + RB connection force‐deformation response is approximated with a bilinear elastic‐plastic force‐deformation response with kinematic hardening. The FD is axially stiff, compact, easy‐to‐assemble, and able to accommodate the FD + RB connection kinematic requirements. The FD elastic stiffness controls the FD + RB connection elastic stiffness. The FD friction force controls the force when the FD + RB connection force‐deformation response transitions from elastic to post elastic. The RB provide predictable and reliable post‐elastic stiffness to the FD + RB connection. The machining tolerances for the FD components, the “break‐in” effect, the sliding history, and the dwell time affect the FD friction force. Numerical simulation results for a 12‐story reinforced concrete wall building with FD + RB connections under seismic loading show that a reduction of the FD friction force increases the FD + RB connection deformation demand. 相似文献