四川省南江县陈家湾滑坡稳定性分析及防治建议          下载免费PDF全文

张涛  石胜伟  谢忠胜  梁炯  熊德清 《探矿工程》2016,43(1):14-19

由于山体的特殊地质背景及人类工程活动,四川省南江县陈家湾滑坡在平面位置上以中间山梁为界分为Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号滑坡及潜在不稳定斜坡。通过地质灾害勘查,研究了滑坡特征及其地质成因机制,并进行了稳定性分析评价。结果表明：仅Ⅰ号滑坡在暴雨工况下处于欠稳定状态。根据滑坡地形特征、稳定性分析结果,结合保护对象,对Ⅰ号滑坡提出了“抗滑桩+截水沟”和“预应力锚索+抗滑短桩+截水沟”两种防治方案。通过对比分析,推荐“抗滑桩+截水沟”为实施方案。  相似文献   

水力压裂技术在豫西基岩地热井增产中的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

申云飞  卢玮  陈莹  程存平 《探矿工程》2016,43(10):253-256

地热资源是清洁能源,其开发利用主要通过钻井工程来实现。地热资源量（水量）大小决定着开发利用的价值。实际中,因地层等条件的复杂和不确定性,导致地热井出水量和温度不能达到预期的目标。特别是在山区基岩缺水地区地热资源开发,由于水量和温度指标偏低,严重影响了清洁能源的开发利用。本文结合工程实例,首次在豫西基岩严重缺水地区通过压裂车和钻井泵分段水力压裂技术,使低产地热井出水量增加3倍,达到了预期的目的。为今后基岩地区地热和地下水资源开发利用增产提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

中国基岩海湾潮流地貌模式及其沉积动力特征     

边淑华  夏东兴  吕京福 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(3):298-307

对我国基岩海湾内的潮流沉积和地貌进行了系统研究。根据潮滩、潮流水道、潮流沙脊等地貌单元的组合特征，概括出3种潮流地貌模式：潮滩型、滩-槽型和滩槽-脊型。通过各模式海湾环境特征的对比分析，设定紊动射流系数Rbjet做为判别潮流水道形成发育程度的水动力参数，发现潮流水道较为发育的滩-槽型和滩-槽-脊型海湾往往开敞度较小，纵深较长，而平均潮差较大，Rbjet大于45。潮流沙脊是区分滩-槽型和滩-槽脊型潮流地貌模式的标志地貌，粗颗粒泥沙来源是其发育的必备条件：残留沉积、海岸侵蚀来沙丰富的海湾内潮流沙脊发育；河流来沙则可以改造形成小规模现代潮流脊；而靠近大河河口，细颗粒来源丰富的海湾则不利于潮流沙脊发育，湾内形成滩-槽型潮流沉积。  相似文献   

华南沿海风化壳滑塌灾害     

张虎男 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1995,15(3):149-160

华南沿海发育各种类型的红壤型风化壳，其中以花岗岩风化壳的厚度最大，风化层最完整。在雨季，地下水沿不透水风化层面流动的结果，常导致崩塌、滑坡、滚石及局部陷落等地质灾害的发生。人类的生产活动或地震等诱发因素，加剧了这类地质灾害。本文通过典型地区的研究，结合大区域的地质情况，提出预测意见和防治对策。  相似文献   

Effects of bedrock groundwater discharge on spatial variability of dissolved carbon,nitrogen, and phosphorous concentrations in stream water within a forest headwater catchment     

Tomohiro Egusa  Tomo'omi Kumagai  Tomoki Oda  Nobuhito Ohte 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13993

The quantitative evaluation of the effects of bedrock groundwater discharge on spatial variability of stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorous (DIP) concentrations has still been insufficient. We examined the relationships between stream DOC, DIN and DIP concentrations and bedrock groundwater contribution to stream water in forest headwater catchments in warm-humid climate zones. We sampled stream water and bedrock springs at multiple points in September and December 2013 in a 5 km² forest headwater catchment in Japan and sampled groundwater in soil layer in small hillslopes. We assumed that stream water consisted of four end members, groundwater in soil layer and three types of bedrock groundwater, and calculated the contributions of each end member to stream water from mineral-derived solute concentrations. DOC, DIN and DIP concentrations in stream water were compared with the calculated bedrock groundwater contribution. The bedrock groundwater contribution had significant negative linear correlation with stream DOC concentration, no significant correlation with stream DIN concentration, and significant positive linear correlation with stream DIP concentration. These results highlighted the importance of bedrock groundwater discharge in establishing stream DOC and DIP concentrations. In addition, stream DOC and DIP concentrations were higher and lower, respectively, than those expected from end member mixing of groundwater in soil layer and bedrock springs. Spatial heterogeneity of DOC and DIP concentrations in groundwater and/or in-stream DOC production and DIP uptake were the probable reasons for these discrepancies. Our results indicate that the relationships between spatial variability of stream DOC, DIN and DIP concentrations and bedrock groundwater contribution are useful for comparing the processes that affect stream DOC, DIN and DIP concentrations among catchments beyond the spatial heterogeneity of hydrological and biogeochemical processes within a catchment.  相似文献   

Effect of bedrock flow on catchment rainfall‐runoff characteristics and the water balance in forested catchments in Tanzawa Mountains,Japan     

Tomoki Oda  Masakazu Suzuki  Tomohiro Egusa  Yoshimi Uchiyama 《水文研究》2013,27(26):3864-3872

In this paper, we examined the role of bedrock groundwater discharge and recharge on the water balance and runoff characteristics in forested headwater catchments. Using rigorous observations of catchment precipitation, discharge and streamwater chemistry, we quantified net bedrock flow rates and contributions to streamwater runoff and the water balance in three forested catchments (second‐order to third‐order catchments) underlain by uniform bedrock in Japan. We found that annual rainfall in 2010 was 3130 mm. In the same period, annual discharge in the three catchments varied from 1800 to 3900 mm/year. Annual net bedrock flow rates estimated by the chloride mass balance method at each catchment ranged from ?1600 to 700 mm/year. The net bedrock flow rates were substantially different in the second‐order and third‐order catchments. During baseflow, discharge from the three catchments was significantly different; conversely, peak flows during large storm events and direct runoff ratios were not significantly different. These results suggest that differences in baseflow discharge rates, which are affected by bedrock flow and intercatchment groundwater transfer, result in the differences in water balance among the catchments. This study also suggests that in these second‐order to third‐order catchments, the drainage area during baseflow varies because of differences between the bedrock drainage area and surface drainage area, but that the effective drainage area during storm flow approaches the surface drainage area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

浸矿开采对离子型稀土基岩力学特性的影响研究     

钟文  朱文韬  曾鹏  黄震  王晓军  郭钟群  胡凯建 《岩土力学》2022,43(6):1481-1492

为研究原地浸矿母液对离子型稀土矿收液底板的侵蚀影响,以离子型稀土矿基岩（半/弱风化花岗岩）为研究对象,开展了室内浸矿模拟试验。对比分析了不同浸矿时间岩样的应力−应变曲线、峰值应力、峰值应变和弹性模量,获取了不同浸矿历时岩样的孔隙度和细观形貌特征,并运用盒维法对岩样的非线性裂纹特征进行了定量化描述。结果表明：浸矿侵蚀作用对离子型稀土矿底板基岩力学性质的影响主要表现在前150 d,破坏形式由贯穿破坏转变为贯穿破坏与片状剥落并存;浸矿母液侵蚀作用下,基岩力学特性呈现先大幅减小后大幅回升,其后在小范围波动现象,浸矿约60 d对基岩力学特性的影响程度最大;浸矿母液侵蚀造成基岩内小孔隙增长,导致表面出现腐蚀及孔洞现象;浸矿时间不同将造成岩石不同的微观结构变化。  相似文献   

基岩断层面古地震研究的主要方法与选点原则          下载免费PDF全文

邹俊杰  周永胜  何宏林  耿爽  赵家豪 《地震科学进展》2022,52(2):60-66

随着断层面形貌测量、宇宙成因核素测年、地球化学元素测定和光释光等一系列新兴技术的突破,基岩断层面在古地震研究方面的特征优势被不断发掘,日益成为国际古地震研究的热点与前沿.国内外学者从不同专业角度开展了大量的基岩断层面古地震研究,取得了一系列丰硕成果.本文在系统介绍基岩断层面古地震研究的进展、梳理归纳各类研究方法特点的基...  相似文献   

陡倾斜基岩面条件下的基坑工程          下载免费PDF全文

潘德来  陈跃 《探矿工程》2010,37(3):39-41

通过基坑工程实例,介绍了一侧出露基岩（火山凝灰岩）而另一侧为深厚软土层（淤泥）、基岩面陡倾斜及主动土压力相差悬殊条件下的基坑支护设计和施工要求,为今后类似工程提供经验。  相似文献   

浅埋深、薄基岩、厚松散含水层下煤层综合机械化开采防治水技术应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张文义 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(4):39-41

神东煤炭公司大柳塔矿12404工作面煤层埋深浅，上覆基岩薄、松散含水层厚，且地表有河流横过(工作面长度240m，推进度3900m，其中薄基岩富水段150m)，为了减少工作面搬家次数提高生产效益，采取了地面抽排水、井下泄放水及地面注浆固沙等有效的防治水措施，工作面安全通过了母河沟，该防治水方法的应用改变了以往类似情况进行留煤柱跳采的方法，取得了浅埋深薄基岩厚含水层下煤层综合机械化安全开采经验，比停产跳采节省搬家费用2400万元，获得了显著的经济效益。  相似文献