Offset dependent amplitudes: Fault curvature effects and dip move-out corrections     

I. Lerche 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1994,143(4):537-562

Equations have been presented previously which predict that reflector curvature can affect significantly seismic reflection amplitudes at both zero and nonzero source-receiver offsets. Here the fact that faults are generally concave-upward is used to examine the curvature effect for compaction-driven faults which the sediments have both exponential and logarithmic porosity decreases with increasing depth.The curvature effect is generally larger over upwardly concave reflectors where amplitudes can either increase with offset (exposed focus) or decrease with offset (buried focus). The magnitude of the effect depends on the ratio between the depth to the structure and the radius of curvature of the structure. A phase change of 90° also occurs at a critical offset in the case of an exposed focus concave-upward reflector, with decreasing amplitude at offsets larger than the critical value. Dip move-out (DMO) dominantly removes the amplitude variation with offset due to curvature. These results suggest that when looking for amplitude variations with offset in a fault prospect, DMO should be applied as a preprocessing step. Compaction-driven faults have an exposed focus and, for an exponential variation of porosity with depth, there is a maximum curvature effect at a depth roughly the same as the scaling depth for the porosity. Logarithmic porosity with depth variations suggest a continued increase in the curvature effect of faults with increasing depth, to a maximum amplitude increase of about 35% relative to a plane interface.  相似文献   

单桩竖向抗压极限荷载的极限状态与确定     

吴耀华 《上海国土资源》1995,(4):1-5,14

本文通过对桩的荷载传递和沉降分析，研判了桩的极限载荷的极限状态，并结合工程实例予以说明。根据文献提供的资料，建议桩的极限荷载宜采用Ｓ－ｌｏｇＰ法确定。  相似文献   

齿轮弯曲强度的有限元分析法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许贤泽 《测绘信息与工程》1996,(4)

论述了齿轮弯曲强度的有限元分析方法，同传统的方法相比能准确地获得齿轮的真实应力场，为齿轮强度计算提供可靠的依据。  相似文献   

Strain segmentation and lateral membrane deformation rate of the subducted Ryukyu slab     

LingYun  Chiao 《Island Arc》1993,2(2):94-103

Abstract Focal mechanisms of intermediate-depth earthquakes within the subducted Ryukyu slab indicate a systematic pattern of down-dip extension in the northern part under Kyushu. These mechanisms switch rapidly around the Tokara channel to down-dip compression in the southern part toward Taiwan. This intriguing pattern of strain segmentation, together with the differences between the slab geometry of the northern and southern parts, has raised the question of whether stress segmentation, as defined possibly by a tear fault, might exist in the slab. However the Ryukyu trench has a concave oceanward shape in the northern segment while it is convex in the southern oceanward part toward Taiwan. The inflection zone is located around the Tokara channel. The concept of Gaussian curvature of a curved surface suggests that the along-arc variation of the geometric configuration of a subducted slab is related to the shape of the trench. This is in order to accommodate the lateral membrane deformation of the slab as the oceanic lithosphere subducts from a spherical shell to the geometry delineated by the Wadati-Benioff zone. The membrane deformation regime of the subducted Ryukyu slab and its relation with the trench geometry was examined by assuming that the subduction be modelled by the flow field of a thin viscous sheet. A projection operator was utilized to compute the membrane strain-rate tensor of an arbitrary non-Euclidean surface. Numerical experiments indicated that the northern segment of the slab was dominated by lateral compression and down-dip extension and the southern part by lateral extension and down-dip compression. This transition is sharply located near the Tokara channel. These patterns were compatible with what had been observed from studies of focal mechanisms, suggesting that the strain segmentation might be controlled, at least in part, by the lateral membrane deformation within the slab due to the trench shape in this subduction zone. The slab geometry was predicted by minimizing the integrated total dissipation power; this revealed distinct features that were consistent with observations. This implies that the slab geometry may also be affected by the membrane deformation in a systematic fashion.  相似文献   

生物成因与无机成因文石的FTIR光谱区别   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

张刚生  李浩璇 《矿物岩石》2006,26(1):1-4

对16种贝壳交叉页片层中生物成因文石的FT IR谱进行测量,并与无机成因文石进行对比和统计分析后,首次发现生物成因与无机成因文石的FT IR光谱有明显可区分的特征,生物成因文石2ν带(面外弯曲振动)频率平均值为863.4 cm-1,而无机成因文石该带的平均值为855.5 cm-1,两者频率位移达7.9 cm-1。因此文石的2ν带可作为指纹带鉴别生物和无机成因文石。  相似文献   

李口集区块煤储层地质条件及煤层气采收率     

申建 秦勇傅雪海  吴财芳何也刘正  巫修平 《中国煤田地质》2007,19(5):25-27

基于煤田勘探资料和矿井实际观测结果,结合测试分析和数值计算,对平顶山矿区李口集区块煤储层地质条件进行了研究。结果表明：区块内主煤层的煤体结构破坏严重,小型裂隙发育但连通性较差,含气量中等且属于低压煤储层,煤层气采收率偏低,地面原位开采的难度较大。为此,建议该区块的煤层气开发以矿井抽采为主,并在煤矿采动带和采空区辅以合理的地面抽采工程。  相似文献   

The bending model of the Transdanubian Central Range (Hungary) in the light of Triassic palaeomagnetic data     

Em&#; Márton 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,134(2):625-633

  相似文献   

Analysis of Error Caused by Replacing Spherical Shell with an Elastic Plate Model in Studying Bending Deformation of the Lithosphere     

Wu Hongling Institute of Geomechanics  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing Wang Ren Center for Geodynamics Research  Peking University  Beijing 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1998,9(2)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＶｅｎｉｎｇＭｅｉｎｅｓｚ（１９４１）ｕｓｅｄｅａｒｌｉｅｒａｎａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｓｏｌｕ－ｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｅｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｂｅｎｄｉｎｇｏｆｅｌａｓｔｉｃｔｈｉｎｐｌａｔｅｓｔｏｃａｌｃｕ－ｌａｔｅｔｈｅｖａｒｉ...  相似文献   

PLAN FORM AND PROFILE FORM OF HILLSLOPES     

A. J. Parsons 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(4):395-402

For 27 hillslope profiles located within four first-order drainage basins on the dip slope of the South Downs in East Sussex, contour curvature (P), measured in degrees per 100 m, is highly variable within any one hillslope. Hillslopes may be described as wholly concave in plan where P is less than ?40, wholly convex in plan where P is greater than +40 and convexo-concave in plan where P lies between ?40 and +40. One measure of P taken at the profile sampling line is found to give a better estimate of P than measuring P at the steepest point on the hillslope. P is found to be significantly negatively correlated with slope in 38 per cent of cases, correlated with distance from the divide in 55 per cent of cases (positively where P <0 and negatively where P <0) and positively correlated with profile curvature in 70 per cent of cases. Implications of these correlations for hillslope process-response models are discussed.  相似文献   

Thermal bending of thin, anisotropic, clamped elliptic plates     

P.A.A Laura  C.A Rossit 《Ocean Engineering》1998,26(5):485-488

The present note deals with the exact analytical solution of thermal bending of clamped, anisotropic, elliptic plates in the case where the thermal field is given by an expression of the type T(x,y,z)=z(Ax²+Cxy+By²).The problem is of basic interest in some ocean and mechanical structural systems since anisotropic materials are commonly used in those fields. Obviously the case of an orthotropic material constitutes a particular situation of the problem under study.  相似文献