浅谈胶、莱两湾污染区的综合治理     

蒋文婷 《海岸工程》2007,26(3):28-35

近年来,胶州湾和莱州湾海域污染日益严重,引起国家有关部门和省政府的高度重视,并采取了措施加以控制和减少污染,但治理效果并不显著。本文对两湾纳污区的污染源进行了分析,探讨了导致近年来治理效果不佳的原因,并提出综合治理对策。  相似文献   

Dispersant Use and a Bioremediation Strategy as Alternate Means of Reducing Impacts of Large Oil Spills on Mangroves: The Gladstone Field Trials   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Norman C Duke  Kathryn A Burns  Richard P.J Swannell  Otto Dalhaus  Roland J Rupp 《Marine pollution bulletin》2000,41(7-12):403-412

Over a three-year period (1995–1998), we studied short-term effects of dispersant use and a bioremediation strategy in two consecutive field trials in sub-tropical Australian mangroves. In each case, weathered oil was applied, and a large spill simulated, in mature Rhizophora stylosa trees around 4–9 m tall. In the first trial, we used Gippsland light crude oil with or without dispersant, Corexit 9527. In the second, a bioremediation strategy followed application of Gippsland oil or Bunker C fuel oil. Bioremediation involved forced aeration with supplemental application of nutrients. Dispersant use had an overall positive benefit shown as reduced tree mortality. By contrast, there was no apparent reduction in mortality of trees with bioremediation. However, one year after oiling, leaf densities of surviving trees were greater in bioremediation plots than in controls, and less in oil-only plots. These and other results have been incorporated into spill response management strategies in Australia.  相似文献   

珊瑚岛礁淡水透镜体的生物修复研究     

周从直  赵素丽  谯华 《海洋科学》2008,32(4):68-73

运用半模理论,研制了高1.2 m、直径1.5 m的半圆柱体实验平台,对受到有机污染的珊瑚岛礁淡水透镜体进行原位曝气生物修复研究.研究了溶解氧(DiSSOlvecl 0xygen,DO)在地下水中的.分布规律及脱色和化学耗氧量(Chemical oxygen demanol,COD)的去除效果.结果表明:(1)径向上,在主流区半径R为0.2～0.5 m的范围内,D0的质量浓度随R的增大而增大.R0.5 m,DO的质量浓度随R的增大而降低.垂向上,DO的质量浓度随高度的增大而迅速增大.(2)地下水色度和COD均随曝气时间的增加而降低,色度为40度、COD为96 mg/L的原水,曝气18 d后,色度均不超过15度,曝气30 d后,色度不超过10度,COD为21～36 mg/L.以色度不超过15度作为修复的标准,修复区半径R达0.7 m,修复区高度H为0.9 m.(3)修复1 m3的上述原水和1.3 m3土壤所需的空气量约为211 m3.  相似文献   

细基江蓠(Gracilaria tenuistipitata)对海水池塘养殖区Cu~(2+)生物修复的初步研究     

丁兰平  徐佩杭  杨宇峰  黄冰心 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(4):828-833

随着海水养殖业迅速发展,食用海产品重金属(如Cu、Cd等)超标问题日益突出。作为提取藻胶原材料及海洋养殖动物饲料的细基江蓠,可以大规模生长在海水池塘养殖区,有望用于该水域重金属污染的生物修复。本实验通过研究细基江蓠(Gracilaria tenuistipitata)在5个不同Cu2+浓度梯度(0、0.05、0.2、0.8、2.0mg/L)环境下的自身生长状况,及其对Cu2+的吸收富集情况,初步探究了细基江蓠对海水池塘养殖区Cu2+的生物修复能力。实验结果显示细基江蓠对Cu2+有较强的耐受性和吸收富集能力,在0.8mg/L Cu2+浓度下细基江蓠既能保证正常生长,又能吸附水体中最大量的Cu2+。  相似文献   

Intrinsic bioremediation of MTBE-contaminated groundwater at a petroleum-hydrocarbon spill site     

K. F. Chen  C. M. Kao  T. Y. Chen  C. H. Weng  C. T. Tsai 《Environmental Geology》2006,50(3):439-445

An oil-refining plant site located in southern Taiwan has been identified as a petroleum-hydrocarbon [mainly methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX)] spill site. In this study, groundwater samples collected from the site were analyzed to assess the occurrence of intrinsic MTBE biodegradation. Microcosm experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of biodegrading MTBE by indigenous microorganisms under aerobic, cometabolic, iron reducing, and methanogenic conditions. Results from the field investigation and microbial enumeration indicate that the intrinsic biodegradation of MTBE and BTEX is occurring and causing the decrease in MTBE and BTEX concentrations. Microcosm results show that the indigenous microorganisms were able to biodegrade MTBE under aerobic conditions using MTBE as the sole primary substrate. The detected biodegradation byproduct, tri-butyl alcohol (TBA), can also be biodegraded by the indigenous microorganisms. In addition, microcosms with site groundwater as the medium solution show higher MTBE biodegradation rate. This indicates that the site groundwater might contain some trace minerals or organics, which could enhance the MTBE biodegradation. Results show that the addition of BTEX at low levels could also enhance the MTBE removal. No MTBE removal was detected in iron reducing and methanogenic microcosms. This might be due to the effects of low dissolved oxygen (approximately 0.3 mg/L) within the plume. The low iron reducers and methanogens (<1.8×10³ cell/g of soil) observed in the aquifer also indicate that the iron reduction and methanogenesis are not the dominant biodegradation patterns in the contaminant plume. Results from the microcosm study reveal that preliminary laboratory study is required to determine the appropriate substrates and oxidation-reduction conditions to enhance the biodegradation of MTBE. Results suggest that in situ or on-site aerobic bioremediation using indigenous microorganisms would be a feasible technology to clean up this MTBE-contaminated site.  相似文献   

污染土壤石油生物降解与调控效应研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

钟毅  李广贺  张旭  金文标  杜譞 《地学前缘》2006,13(1):128-133

为考察修复过程中土壤石油降解效应,选用中国北方某油田区现场的原油污染土壤,进行了投加除油菌、调节氮磷营养含量和水分含量等强化措施的修复试验。经过180d修复,结果表明,土壤石油污染物去除率达70·6%,去除速率达0·15g·kg-1·d-1,与自然条件相比,石油污染物半衰期由929d减少为103d。饱和烃去除率占总石油去除的75%以上,主要为十八烷、二十七烷、二十九烷、三十一烷与三十四烷。初期投菌对石油污染土壤的生物修复具有快速启动作用,但后期多次投菌对生物修复的促进作用不明显。对氮磷营养水平的适当调节有利于生物修复进行,本试验中对除油菌生长和石油去除最有利的有效态碳氮比为C∶N=100∶1~50∶1。在石油去除过程中,土壤石油去除速率的变化与除油菌数量变化趋势基本一致,表明微生态环境调控对于污染土壤中的石油降解具有显著的促进作用。  相似文献   

Applicability and Limits of Bioremediation of Contaminated Groundwater by Organic Compounds     

Taboure Aboubacar  LIN Xueyu 《世界地质(英文版)》2001,4(1)

This paper gives in some ways a broad look at the Bioremediation Technology in the treatment of polluted groundwater. Environmentalists and Hydrologeologists around the world, especially in the developed countries welcomed this revolutionizing technique at a moment when other methods were becoming rather expensive and sources of secondary and more challenging pollution problems across sole fresh groundwater. Bioremediation of contaminated groundwater is based on the use of bacteria which breakdown organic matters to more stable forms, which will not create nuisance or give off foul odors. The Applicability of this technology at a specific site lies in the understanding of the site's hydrogeologic, physiochemical backgrounds and the knowledge of the properties of the designated bacteria colonies, which would likely stabilize the contaminants. These are key points, which determine the success of the all process. Only, by complying with all those measures, Bioremediation can meet all the expectations.  相似文献   

土壤石油污染的生物修复技术   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8  

叶为民  孙风慧 《上海国土资源》2002,(4):22-24,57

采用生物修复技术对土壤石油有机污染进行治理以效率高、安全性好、无二次污染、易于管理而受重视。文章结合国内外的最新研究成果。对生物修复的处理过程、技术工艺等方面进行了论述。  相似文献   

Characteristic regimes for in‐situ bioremediation of aquifers by injecting water containing an electron acceptor     

H. Keijzer  S.E.A.T.M. van der Zee  A. Leijnse 《Computational Geosciences》1998,2(1):1-22

A onedimensional model is developed for simulating insitu bioremediation. The modeled processes are advective and dispersive transport, biotransformation and microbial growth. The biodegradation of the contaminant is limited by the supply of electron acceptor or microbial mass. We distinguish three regimes of oxygen consumption, a low oxygen consumption regime, an intermediate regime and a fast oxygen consumption regime. Parameter variation reveals the influence of the dimensionless numbers on the duration of the three regimes.  相似文献   

地下水三氯乙烯(TCE)生物修复的研究进展   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

陈翠柏  杨琦  沈照理 《华东地质学院学报》2003,26(1):10-14,37

目前三氯乙烯(TCE)引起的环境污染已成为一个非常值得关注的问题。本文通过对国内外TCE生物降解于究进行总结，从降解机理、降解动力学和微生物种类三方面进行了概迷，特别是总结了好氧条件下生物降解TCE取得的显著成果。  相似文献