A comparative study of buried structure in soil subjected to blast load using 2D and 3D numerical simulations   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Yong Lu  Zhongqi Wang  Karen Chong 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2005,25(4):275-288

The response of underground structures subjected to subsurface blast is an important topic in protective engineering. Due to various constraints, pertinent experimental data are extremely scarce. Adequately detailed numerical simulation thus becomes a desirable alternative. However, the physical processes involved in the explosion and blast wave propagation are very complex, hence a realistic and detailed reproduction of the phenomena would require sophisticated numerical models for the loading and material responses. In this paper, a fully coupled numerical model is used to simulate the response of a buried concrete structure under subsurface blast, with emphasis on the comparative performance of 2D and 3D modeling schemes. The explosive charge, soil medium and the RC structure are all incorporated in a single model system. The SPH (smooth particle hydrodynamics) technique is employed to model the explosive charge and the close-in zones where large deformation takes place, while the normal FEM is used to model the remaining soil region and the buried structure. Results show that the 2D model can provide reasonably accurate results concerning the crater size, blast loading on the structure, and the critical response in the front wall. The response in the remaining part of the structure shows noticeable differences between the 2D and 3D models. Based on the simulation results, the characteristics of the in-structure shock environment are also discussed in terms of the shock response spectra.  相似文献   

用地球物理技术对隧道控制爆破的监测与反馈     

钟世航 《物探与化探》2005,29(1):84-87,92

招宝山公路隧道为大跨度并行超小净距的隧道,两隧道的净距仅为规范规定的1/7~1/10,保护两隧道间夹岩体成为关键技术。采用控制爆破保护岩体是主要措施之一。作者采用声波测量、陆地声纳等测量岩体受爆破破坏的深度及破坏情况,并监测质点振动速度来控制爆破的振动,还通过应变、位移和压力等量测的资料来监视隧道的安全,以选择和判定控制爆破的施工方案、施工顺序、爆破参数。工程获得成功,带来较大的经济效益。  相似文献   

Rock mass characterization using photoanalysis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

John A. Franklin  Norbert H. Maerz  Caralyn P. Bennett 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1988,6(2):97-112

Summary Rock formations are distinguished from each other by measuring first the properties of the intact rock, and second those of the jointing. Whereas simple methods are available for measuring intact rock properties, those available for measuring jointing remain slow, expensive, and sometimes dangerous. Digitized photographs (photoanalysis) may provide a solution. In this paper, the new techniques of photoanalysis are reviewed together with applications, promising areas for research, and also some obstacles that remain to be overcome. Aspects of the rock mass that lend themselves to photoanalytical measurement include those of individual joints, such as persistence, orientation and roughness, and those relating to the mass as a whole, such as block size and the spacing or intensity of jointing. Photoanalysis can also be applied to measurement of blasting. It allows characterization of the rock about to be blasted, helping the engineer to predict fragmentation and to design an appropriate blasting pattern. Afterwards, the same methods can be used to measure fragmentation, overbreak and backbreak, for quality control and for diagnosis of problems.Presented at the 28th US ROck Mechanics Symposium, Tucson, Arizon, 29 June–1 July 1987.  相似文献   

含预制裂纹的水泥砂浆试块在爆炸载荷作用下损伤特征的数值模拟     

刘军  赵长冰 《岩土力学》2007,28(2):279-282

把能够体现岩体在冲击载荷作用下的响应特点及损伤演化的各向异性特征的损伤模型嵌入到有限元软件中，模拟了含有预制裂纹的水泥砂浆试块在爆炸载荷作用下的损伤特征。模拟结果表明，在爆炸近区产生一个损伤“重灾区”，并可根据模拟结果确定“重灾区”及爆炸损伤的范围，模拟结果与试验结果基本一致。模拟方法可以为岩土工程中经历过爆炸损伤岩体的稳定性研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

黑龙江呼玛段炸药破冰试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

路锦枝  余弘婧  王涛  马朝猛  李昕阳 《冰川冻土》2020,42(1):276-281

黑龙江几乎每年开河期都有不同程度的冰坝发生, 由此引发的洪水泛滥给人们生命财产带来了巨大损失, 而防凌爆破是预防冰坝发生的主要手段之一。为了确保开河期间不发生因冰坝造成的凌汛灾害, 2018年开河前在黑龙江呼玛段实施防凌爆破。通过冰厚、 水深同步测量的冰水情数据分析, 找到河道狭窄、 流速缓慢的地方为冰坝潜在发生的位置, 采取针对性的爆破。分析了爆破坑实测直径与炸药用量、 冰厚、 水深间的关系, 并将爆破后呼玛段测量数据带入本项目组提出的爆破坑半径计算新公式中, 计算值和实测值较为接近, 可为北方高寒区河流冰下爆破提供参考。  相似文献   

面波的质点运动轨迹在小爆破识别与判据研究中的应用     

郑秀芬  许绍燮  傅瑀 《地震地磁观测与研究》2006,27(6):8-12

本项工作主要研究宽频带数字地震记录中小当量爆破(即矿山爆破)与小震级地震事件的识别问题。以前我们利用北京遥测地震台网的短周期模拟记录资料和DAPS(台网中心数字化)系统(郑秀芬等,2000;王凤霞,2000)产出的资料作过一些研究(郑秀芬等,2006),取得了一定的进展。在此基础上,利用宽频带数字地震记录资料,进行了小当量爆破与小震级地震事件在近场源短周期面波质点运动轨迹方面的识别研究,并给出了一定的判据。  相似文献   

爆破振动测试在矿区的应用     

张凯  汪青松  黄素荷 《安徽地质》2012,22(1):34-37

道路铺设、矿山开采、隧道开挖、地震勘探等工程施工免不了要进行炸药爆破,炸药爆破所产生的剧烈振动必然会对周围的环境造成破坏,从而引起不必要的经济损失和纠纷,为了解决矛盾,对振动引起的损失和涉及的范围有个科学的评判,爆破时采用精密的地震勘探仪器进行不同炮距的振动测试,以做出公证的裁决。本文以两个实例来说明地震勘查在振动测试领域的有效应用。  相似文献   

爆炸荷载下桩基竖向动承载力研究     

王后裕  姚焕忠  言志信  张剑寒  杨进勇 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(4)

针对地面抗爆工程建设中桩基设计问题,采用动三轴试验、动力有限元方法等手段,开展了爆炸作用下地基土的动力特性及桩基抗爆承载力研究,结果表明桩基竖向极限抗爆承载力为其竖向极限静承载力2倍以上,高于按照现行桩基规范得到的1.25 ～1.5倍范围值,表明将常规抗震设计的办法直接用于抗爆炸冲击荷载的桩基设计时偏保守.  相似文献   

Remediation of electric arc furnace dust leachate by the use of cementitious materials： A column-leaching test     

Josee Duchesne Guylaine Laforest 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):99-99

Disposal of industrial solid wastes in a hydrologic environment can cause environmental risks due to the mobility of toxic trace elements. It is increasingly important to find simple and inexpensive treatments to remove undesirable elements from industrial solid wastes. One of the most important problems in the secondary steel mill industry is the disposition of dusts produced from electric arc furnace. A large quantity （10-20 kg） of electric arc furnace dust （EAFD） is generated per ton of steel produced. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure （TCLP） shows that the total Cr and Cr （Ⅵ） concentrations （9.7 and 6.1 mg/L respectively） from the EAFD studied exceeded the Toxicity Characteristic Regulatory Level. Some heavy metals of EAFD like chromium are toxics and have high solubility. Chromium （Ⅵ） is particularly problematic because it must initially be reduced before fixed in an insoluble phase. To counter this problem, the use of ordinary Portland cement （OPC） and ground granulated blast furnace slag （GGBFS） was investigated. Column leaching test was performed to evaluate the leaching of EAFD amended with GGBFS and OPC under dynamic conditions simulating heap leaching. The goal of this study is to find a simple and economic way to decrease contaminants in the leachate. Test columns have been set up to evaluate the effect of alkaline additives （OPC and GGBFS） on the geochemistry of drainage water. The control column consists of EADF only. A set of columns presents the effect of the addition of 5% by mass of OPC or GGBFS mixed homogeneously with the EAFD. Another set of columns was set up with the same quantities of OPC and GGBFS but concentrated at the base of the EAFD simulating a liner. Columns were fed three times weakly during 1 month. The parameters monitored after each flush of water include leachate volume, pH, electrical conductance and water quality （Cr-Ni-Pb-Zn concentrations）. The leaching of the control （EAFD only） presents high Cr concentration.  相似文献   

利用超前锚杆短循环法解决在砂砾石地层中隧洞挂口的技术难题     

廖光海  罗其标 《四川地质学报》2002,22(Z1):16-18

介绍在四川省荥经县泗坪罗家湾电站桥溪沟支洞工程的施工中，利用超前锚杆短循环法解决在砂砾石地层中挂口难题的一些具体措施和关键技术。  相似文献