黄土斜坡稳定性的模糊信息分析法     

王家鼎  冯学才  孟兴民 《山地学报》1991,(1)

本文基于黄土斜坡稳定性的实际资料,利用信息分配、模糊一二级近似推论及信息集中等原因建立了一套黄土斜坡稳定性的评价方法。用这套方法对一些黄土斜坡(非母体)稳定性进行了验证,其结果与实际情况一致。本方法已应用于兰州市滑坡防灾规划和皋兰山三台阁北侧几个滑坡及斜坡稳定性的研究中,效果良好。  相似文献   

Exposure dating and reinterpretation of coarse debris accumulations (‘rock glaciers’) in the Cairngorm Mountains,Scotland     

Colin K. Ballantyne  Christoph Schnabel  Sheng Xu 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(1):19-31

Relict rock glaciers have considerable potential for contributing to palaeoclimatic reconstruction, but this potential is often undermined by lack of dating control and problems of interpretation. Here we reinvestigate and date four proposed ‘rock glaciers’ in the Cairngorm Mountains and show that the morphology of only one of these appears consistent with that of a true rock glacier produced by creep of underlying ice or ice‐rich sediment. All four features comprise rockslide or rock avalanche runout debris, and the possibility that all four represent unmodified runout accumulations cannot be discounted. Surface exposure dating of the four debris accumulations using cosmogenic ¹⁰Be produced uncertainty‐weighted mean ages of 15.4 ± 0.8 ka, 16.2 ± 1.0 ka, 12.1 ± 0.6 ka and 12.7 ± 0.8 ka. All four ages imply emplacement under cold stadial conditions, two prior to the Windermere Interstade of ca. 14.5–12.9 cal. ka BP and two during the Loch Lomond Stade of ca. 12.9–11.5 cal. ka BP. The above ages indicate that paraglacial rock‐slope failure on granite rockwalls occurred within a few millennia after deglaciation. The mean exposure ages obtained for runout debris at two sites – Strath Nethy (16.2 ± 1.0 ka) and Lairig Ghru (15.4 ± 0.8 ka) – are consistent with basal radiocarbon ages from Loch Etteridge, 22 km to the southwest (mean = 15.6 ± 0.3 cal. ka BP) and imply widespread deglaciation of the Cairngorms and adjacent valleys before 15 ka and possibly 16 ka. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

广西中三叠统浊流流向及坡向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴江  李思田 《南方国土资源》1992,(4)

通过对广西中三叠统浊积岩系中溢堤流沉积的识别,结合同一鲍马层序Tc段斜层理倾向与其底部槽模走向不一致的分析,以及横向冲刷模、U形障碍冲刷痕等冲蚀构造、大型滑动模等压刻构造的认识,筛选出宽阔水道充填沉积、扇状体及分支水道沉积中底模构造的指向数据,来指示浊流主体流向,并区分出溢堤流流向。从而确定了本区中三叠世时的浊流主体流向为NW向,平均为300°。根据滑塌沉积中滑塌包卷层轴面、滑塌面的测定,确定凤山县金牙处的古坡向平均为322°,与浊流主体流向基本一致。还认为中三叠世时右江盆地沉积物源来自桂东和桂东南蚀源区,海水由其南的越南境内进入。  相似文献   

新疆塔中南坡奥陶系的地层缺失和沉积相变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

蔡习尧  李越 《地层学杂志》2008,32(4)

按照奥陶系内部6个组沉积的时间片段拟定塔中南坡不同区块存在不同程度的缺失。部分关键层段的牙形石和几丁虫组合特征证明一间房组和恰尔巴克组在塔中部分井区是存在的,但恰尔巴克组的分布范围最狭窄。总体上,塔中南坡隆起区地层缺失较多,古城墟隆起基本完整。据缺失状况和岩相展布,显示塔中南坡的沉积单元具有由东往西迁移的特征,且各时段迁移的距离与速度存在较大差异。  相似文献   

On the Assessment of Failure in Slope Stability Analysis by the Finite Element Method   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H. Zheng  D. F. Liu  C. G. Li 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2008,41(4):629-639

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Deep-seated gravitational slope deformations and their influence on consequent mass movements (case studies from the highest part of the Czech Carpathians)   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jan Hradecký  Tomáš Pánek 《Natural Hazards》2008,45(2):235-253

Gravitational spreading of mountain ridges displays primary disequilibrium of flysch mountain areas of the Czech Carpathians. The progression of various types of mass movements is a product of long-term ridge disintegration and is predisposed by the geological structure of the area and the upper Tertiary-Quaternary morphogenesis of the mountain area. Deep-seated slope deformations are spatially interconnected by the occurrence of some other types of slope deformations (e.g. debris flows, debris slides, slumps, rock avalanches, etc.), which pose a considerable risk for the existence of human society. An important causative factor in these dynamically developing hazardous processes is, among other factors, the way in which land has been used in the last three centuries. Therefore, the occurrence of various types of slope deformations is studied in terms of their relation to deep-seated gravitational deformations and in terms of other limiting factors (structural geological, morphological and climatic factors, manmade impacts, etc.). The paper presents several case studies of slope deformations (Velká Čantoryje Mt, Lysá hora Mt, Ropice Mt and Smrk Mt) in the area of the Outer Carpathians within the territory of the Czech Republic and also adverts to some consequences in terms of the socioeconomic structure of the landscape.  相似文献   

Peace Parks and jaguar trails: transboundary conservation in a globalizing world   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Brian King  Sharon Wilcox 《GeoJournal》2008,71(4):221-231

An increasingly utilized strategy for expanding conservation in the developing world has been the promotion of protected areas that supersede national borders. Alternatively known as transfrontier biosphere reserves, transfrontier or transboundary conservation areas, or Peace Parks, these protected areas are aggressively advanced by conservation agencies for their purported ecological and economic benefits. This article provides a comparative assessment of two case studies to understand the various impacts of transboundary conservation. The Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park, which unites protected areas in South Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe, is contrasted with efforts to protect jaguars along the United States–Mexico border. We argue that while these cases are promising for the purposes of biodiversity protection, they demonstrate that transboundary conservation can minimize political context, contributes to the hegemony of international conservation agendas, and remains closely linked to economic neoliberalism and decentralization in the developing world.

Brian KingEmail:

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桩前预留土体对抗滑桩影响的分析与计算研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙勇 《水文地质工程地质》2008,35(1):58-63

本文在前人研究的基础上对桩前土体需要开挖的抗滑桩提出了一种新的计算方法,即似m法。文中将单排抗滑桩分为三类:第一类为桩前土体不开挖,但与抗滑桩分离形成桩后缝隙;第二类为桩前土体不开挖,但与抗滑桩相贴且有抵挡抗滑桩的作用;第三类为桩前土体需要开挖,并对各类抗滑桩给出了相应的设计计算方法。对于第一类抗滑桩可用本文改进的m法和有限线单元法计算;对于第二类抗滑桩考虑桩前抗力值大小后也可用本文改进的m法和有限单元法计算;对于第三类抗滑桩可用本文提出的似m法和改进的有限线单元法计算。通过与实际工程测量值对比分析,得出结论:在抗滑桩工程中对桩的钢筋受力进行实测以推断桩的受力性能,弥补滑坡推力及桩前抗力勘测、分析、计算值可靠性差的弱点。该方法与二维、三维有限元法相比,具有计算方法简单、可靠的特点,值得广泛应用和发展。  相似文献   

强降雨条件下土质边坡瞬态稳定性分析   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

吴长富  朱向荣  尹小涛  刘雪梅 《岩土力学》2008,29(2):386-391

基于实际降雨气象资料,设计了单峰降雨和8个不同时间间隔的双峰降雨计算方案,利用非饱和土力学理论,对边坡的瞬态稳定性进行了计算和分析,研究了水分在坡体内的运移对边坡稳定性的时间空间影响效应,同时考察了降雨入渗造成的土性渗透特性的改变。分析发现：一次降雨的影响历时约12 d,降雨后约0.5 d该类土质边坡最危险;不同时间间隔的两次降雨对边坡稳定的影响比单峰降雨的最小安全系数滞后约0.3 d～0.8 d,影响历时基本保持不变;土体物理力学性质、边坡最危险滑动面及其对应的安全系数随水分在坡体内渗透运移而变化。  相似文献   

长江中下游地区二叠纪碳酸盐斜坡沉积及其成矿意义   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

李双应  孟庆任  万秋  孔为伦  何刚 《岩石学报》2008,24(8)

长江中下游地区二叠系发育,主要由碳酸盐岩、硅质岩和碎屑岩组成.其二叠系不仅是华南地区最重要的烃源岩,而且也是长江中下游铜等多金属成矿带的重要赋矿层位之一,因此,进一步确定其沉积相以及古地理意义重大.发育在长江中下游地区的二叠系以往多被认为主要属于浅水碳酸盐台地沉积,其次是较深水的陆棚沉积或者裂陷槽沉积.但进一步研究发现,二叠系的碳酸盐斜坡沉积相发育,它主要由砾屑石灰岩、泥晶粉屑灰岩、硅质岩和泥晶灰岩组成,斜坡主要发育于中二叠世的栖霞期和茅口期,其次是吴家坪期和长兴期.碳酸盐斜坡主要沿安徽铜陵-东至-宿松-线以及湖北大冶-江西瑞昌一线分布,其成因大致受江南断裂和长江断裂控制.同沉积断裂不仅控制着碳酸盐斜坡的发育和展布,同时也构筑了深水盆地、斜坡和浅水台地沉积体系,构成油气生、储、盖单元的组合,为二叠系成为华南地区最重要的烃源岩提供了成因解释.控制斜坡发育的断裂既可以是含矿热水溶液、海底热泉和火山的通道,同时斜坡带也可以成为金属硫化物矿床的富集场所,因此,它对长江中下游铜多金属成矿带的层控和喷流成因提供了可选择的解释.长江中下游地区中、晚二叠世断裂发育,显示盆地的伸展特征,符合古特提斯洋东扩构造背景.  相似文献