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31.
莱州湾南岸地下卤水高浓度溶解铀及其成因研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用α能谱法对莱州湾南岸地下卤水中的铀进行分析,发现卤水中溶解铀的浓度范围为3.4～96.0μg/L,80%以上站位卤水铀浓度超过了30μg/L,高于某些铀矿区地下水中铀的浓度。从卤水的形成过程及环境、含水层沉积物的铀含量及地下卤水对沉积物的淋溶作用、地表水下渗等几个方面对高浓度铀的成因进行了分析,发现卤水形成时海水的蒸发浓缩和锰氧化物还原可能是主要成因,藻类的矿化分解使其吸附的大量铀解吸进入地下水也可能是1个重要影响因素。 相似文献
32.
Depositional System and Seismic Response of Subsurface Brines Reservoirs in?Western Qaidam Basin, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
正It is a major continuous depocenter in Dalangtan area,western Qaidam basin since Early Cenozoic,which is most important Neogene salt deposits center in Qaidam basin.The Miocene Saline lake was developed firstly in 相似文献
33.
We present results of a comprehensive study of ground ice, saline waters, and brines in the cryoartesian basins of the northeastern Siberian Platform. The composition of major geochemical types of ground ice is considered. The specifics of the hydrogeochemical zonation of the cryoartesian basins are the regional distribution of chloride saline waters and brines. Study of stable isotopes (18O, D, 37Cl, 81Br, and 87Sr/86Sr) led us to the conclusion that the chloride brines resulted either from the leaching of halogen rocks or from the metamorphism of bittern connate water. The drainage brine reserves (hydromineral resources) of the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe in the Olenek cryoartesian basin are assessed. 相似文献
34.
Interaction of metalliferous continental brines with biogenic sulphide is the basis of some syngenetic and early diagenetic models for the formation of Cu‐(Pb‐Zn) sulphides during a depositional cycle of carbonates in restricted marine environments. A variation of these models (an ‘evaporative concentration‐lateral groundwater flow’ model) is proposed, using hydrological, geochemical and biological data from low metal, but otherwise pertinent redbed‐associated, sabkha, tidal flat and subtidal environments at Nilemah Embayment, in Hamelin Pool (Shark Bay, Western Australia). The model is constrained by: (i) the short time available for ore accumulation during a single depositional cycle; (ii) limitation of adequate rates of bacterial sulphate reduction for the formation of an ore deposit to near‐surface sediments; (iii) restriction of the most favourable ore‐forming sites to the intertidal zone and the littoral shelf; (iv) coincidence in these sites of laterally‐flowing marine/meteoric groundwater brine, and mosaics of in situ cyanobacterial mats and shallow erosional depressions containing detrital organic matter eroded from the mats. Under these conditions the metalliferous fluid would have to contain about 1000 ppm Cu and flow for 1000 years at a rate of 5 m/a through the intertidal/littoral shelf environment to produce an ore deposit. Critical features of a model that could generate this combination of very high metal concentrations and flow rates are: (i) a highly permeable unconfined aquifer system comprising alluvial fans at the base of basaltic mountain ranges and continental redbeds beneath a broad coastal plain; (ii) mobilization, concentration and transport of the metals in this aquifer to intertidal/littoral shelf sites of ore deposition; (iii) effective concentration processes in the aquifer, involving evaporation and reflux of brines in groundwater discharge areas on the coastal plain and evaporation in marine‐continental and marine sabkhas bordering the sites of deposition; (iv) rapid lateral groundwater flow of the concentrated metalliferous brines under a strong seawards‐directed hydraulic gradient; and (v) discharge of the metalliferous brines into or through topographic depressions generated by erosion and shoaling in the peritidal and littoral shelf environments. The model hydrodynamic processes and their magnitude are within the range observed in modern environments but they are most likely to be effective in coarse‐grained, topographically irregular carbonate sabkhas and tidal flats, which usually form under high‐energy conditions. Even under these conditions, the individual ore‐forming processes must combine in an optimum manner before the highly demanding metal concentrations and flow rates required for ore formation in a single marine depositional cycle can be met. 相似文献
35.
Daniel E.Harlov 《地学前缘(英文版)》2012,3(6):813-827
High-grade dehydration of amphibolite-facies rocks to granulite-facies is a process that can involve partial melting,fluid-aided solid-state dehydration,or varying degrees of both.On the localized meter scale,solid-state dehydration,due to CO2-rich fluids traveling along some fissure or crack and subsequently outwards along the mineral grain boundaries of the surrounding rock,normally is the means by which the breakdown of biotite and amphibole to orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene occur.Various mineral textures and changes in mineral chemistry seen in these rocks are also seen in more regional orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene-bearing rocks which,along with accompanying amphibolite-facies rocks, form traverses of lower crust.This suggests that solid-state dehydration during high-grade metamorphism could occur on a more regional scale.The more prominent of these fluid-induced textures in the granulitefacies portion of the traverse take the form of micro-veins of K-feldspar along quartz grain boundaries and the formation of monazite inclusions in fluorapatite.The fluids believed responsible take the form of concentrated NaCl- and KC1- brines from a basement ultramafic magma heat source traveling upwards along grain boundaries.Additional experimental work involving CaSO4 dissolution in NaCl-brines. coupled with natural observation of oxide and sulfide mineral associations in granulite-facies rocks,have demonstrated the possibility that NaCl-brines,with a CaSO4 component,could impose the oxygen fugacity on these rocks as opposed to the oxygen fugacity being inherent in their protoliths.These results, taken together,lend credence to the idea that regional chemical modification of the lower crust is an evolutionary process controlled by fluids migrating upwards from the lithospheric mantle along grain boundaries into and through the lower crust where they both modify the rock and are modified by it. Their presence allows for rapid mass and heat transport and subsequent mineral genesis and mineral reequilibration in the rocks through which they pass. 相似文献
36.
C. V. Chrysikopoulos 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(1):60-70
Safe disposal of thermally spent geothermal brines that contain environmentally hazardous constituents is commonly obtained by reinjection. The reinjection process also serves to maintain reservoir pressure, enhance thermal recovery, and eliminate possible compactional subsidence. To avoid premature thermal breakthrough of reinjected fluids, tracer tests are employed for detection and evaluation of preferential path networks. In this paper some promising tracers that have not received much attention in geothermal reservoir studies are discussed, and a comprehensive tabulation of field sites of artificial tracer utilization is presented. Chemical and transport processes responsible for tracer retention by the formation of reservoir solids, as well as available tracer detection techniques, are emphasized. 相似文献
37.
D.?AvisarEmail author E.?Rosenthal H.?Shulman M.?Zilberbrand A.?Flexer J.?Kronfeld Z.?Ben?Avraham L.?Fleischer 《Hydrogeology Journal》2004,12(3):291-304
For several decades the “Saqiye beds” (later renamed Yafo Formation) underlying the Coastal Plain aquifer (Kurkar Group) aquifer of Israel, were regarded as an extremely thick, tectonically undisturbed, and absolutely impervious aquiclude. Following intensive groundwater exploitation from the overlying Kurkar Group aquifer, brackish and saline waters were locally encountered in the lower parts of this aquifer and always at the contact with the underlying Yafo Formation aquiclude. The present study revealed that this aquiclude is not a uniform and impervious rock unit, but rather an alternation of pervious and impervious strata within the Yafo Formation containing highly pressured fluids of different — mostly high — salinities. The permeable beds are at an angular unconformity and in direct contact with the overlying Kurkar Group aquifer. The Yafo Formation and the underlying and overlying rock units are dislocated by numerous fault systems, which facilitate accessibility of brines into the Kurkar Group aquifer. The mobilization of the saline fluids and their injection into the Kurkar Group aquifer could be due either to diffusion of saline fluids occurring in the permeable horizons of the Petah Tiqva Member through the clays of the Yafo Formation or to their upconing following intensive pumping in the Coastal Plain aquifer. It could have also been caused by up-dip movement of saline water as the result of overpressure generated by major accumulation of gas in the permeable horizons. Another possible mechanism could be hydraulic contact with pressurized brines up-flowing along fault zones from deep-seated Jurassic or Cretaceous reservoirs. The squeezing of saline interstitial water from the clays of the Yafo Formation into the overlying Kurkar Group aquifer, is of secondary importance for groundwater salinization (its input is comparable with salt input from rain). 相似文献
38.
东台吉乃尔湖晶间卤水综合利用途径研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文简述了东台吉乃尔湖晶间卤水蒸发试验，研究了卤水蒸发过程盐析路线及各种盐类析出规律，确定了钠、钾、硼、锂、镁、硫酸根的富集行为，提出了该晶间卤水钾、硼、锂、硫酸根综合利用工艺路线。 相似文献
39.
Gian-Maria Zuppi Jean-Paul Novel Martial Dray Xavier Darmendrail Serge Fudral Claude Jusserand Gérard Nicoud 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(15):1371-1378
The presence in the French–Italian Alps of several springs characterized by a high sodium–chloride content, depleted in oxygen-18, tritium free and with low carbon-14 activity, is well known. The geological, hydrological, and geochemical studies in progress for the new high-speed railway tunnel crossing the French–Italian Alps, show, in the drilled boreholes at a mean elevation of 700 masl, the presence of brines. Brines appear to be the basis of the geological, structural, and hydrodynamic systems, and fill the largest faults and the main tectonic contacts. The brines squeezed by tectonic activity, are mobilised at depth by freshwaters from the surface. To cite this article: G.-M. Zuppi et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
40.
江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜江组赋存有丰富的地下卤水,因其有较高的经济价值,是江汉盆地油气资源之外的又一种重要的战略资源。然而,长期的油田注水开采也对地下卤水产生了一定的影响,为进一步评估这种影响并探讨地下卤水微量元素的分布情况,通过采集和分析潜江组第一至第四卤水组的地下卤水样品开展其地球化学特征和分布规律的研究。结果表明,潜江凹陷潜江组地下卤水受油田生产影响,虽然普遍发生了淡化,但仍然拥有较高的TDS含量,淡化影响有限。卤水储层从上至下,第一卤水组至第四卤水组,随着深度的增加,硫酸钠亚型卤水和碳酸盐型水逐渐变少,氯化物型水逐渐增多。尽管区内地下卤水普遍经受油田注水生产的影响,但是卤水中Li、B、Br等元素依然保持较高的含量,大部分样品达到或超过边界工业品位,尤其以第二、第三卤水Li、B、Br品位较高,第四卤水组次之,第一卤水组最低。潜江凹陷地下卤水样品的钠氯系数接近于1,具备溶滤卤水特征,属于非海相地层的卤水,氯溴系数分析揭示区内现存地下卤水是溶滤卤水和沉积卤水混合以后的结果,卤水的脱硫系数和钙镁系数反映卤水的储集空间封闭性相对较差,凹陷内从第一至第三下卤水储集体的空间的封闭性逐渐变好,第四卤水组略变差。平面上,Li、B、Br具有相似的分布特征,凹陷内,卤水的浓集中心从下至上具有明显的迁移特征,钟市、浩子口、王场、周矶所围限的区域是高浓度卤水分布中心地带,其分布明显受控于卤水储集体的分布。 相似文献