Sensitivity analysis of nitrogen and carbon cycling in marine sediments     

Jan M. Holstein  Kai W. Wirtz   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,82(4):632-644

Biogeochemical cycles in coastal sediments encompass numerous interconnected processes and are sensitive to a high number of external forces. Usually a small subset of these factors is considered when developing state-of-the-art models of marine nutrient cycling. This study therefore aims to assess the degree of complexity required in the model to represent the dependency of major biogeochemical fluxes on both intrinsic as well as external factors. For this, a sensitivity analysis (SA) of the generic Integrated Sediment Model (ISM) was performed comparing two different model setups: 1) a back barrier tidal flat in the German Wadden Sea and; 2) a deep sea site in the Argentine Basin. Both setups were first calibrated to fit pore water profiles of SO₄²⁺, NH₄⁺ and CH₄. We then employed a new type of SA that evaluates parameter impact rather than targeting variable change.General structural stability of the model is demonstrated by similar sensitivity patterns of both setups regarding carbon and nitrogen cycling. Mean temperature, organic carbon bio-availability, bacterial adaptation and sediment texture emerge as the most influential parameters of ubiquitous importance. It appears that in coastal settings, transport and sediment mixing and the composition of suspended particles in the bottom water are especially important. The nitrogen cycle displays a high responsiveness to internal feedback mechanisms as well as interdependencies to carbon and metal cycling, which is statistically reflected by sensitivities to 79% of all parameters. In contrast, the carbon cycle appears to be mainly controlled by organic matter decay. The SA also pointed to unexpected responses of the sediment system, which are analyzed by further scenario calculations. These, for example, reveal a nonlinear response of nitrification, denitrification and benthic fluxes of NH₄ and NO₃ to changing bioturbation and bioirrigation due to the interactions of different metabolic pathways.  相似文献   

蜀南地区嘉陵江组颗粒滩储层发育机理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黎霆  李平平  诸丹诚  杨明磊  李海平  李涛  邹华耀 《沉积学报》2021,39(2):470-481

颗粒滩储层是嘉陵江组一种重要的储层类型,具有良好的天然气勘探开发潜力.通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、阴极发光、扫描电镜和物性分析等方法,对蜀南地区嘉陵江组颗粒滩储层岩石学特征、储集空间类型、孔渗特征和成岩作用类型展开了系统的研究,在研究基础之上进一步分析了嘉陵江组颗粒滩储层形成的主控因素.结果表明,嘉陵江组颗粒滩储层主要的岩...  相似文献   

潜江凹陷马王庙地区新沟嘴组下段成岩作用     

谢春安  贾秀容  胡明毅  胡忠贵 《海洋地质译丛》2013,(4):24-29

从沉积环境背景出发,通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析等方法对江汉盆地潜江凹陷马王庙地区古近系新沟嘴组下段储层成岩作用做了系统的研究.研究表明马王庙地区新下段沉积时期盆地处于干旱蒸发—氧化环境的Ⅰ型沉积环境和半干旱—潮湿弱氧化—弱还原环境的Ⅱ型沉积环境,相应地发育两种储层,经历了两种成岩类型,受其相应的地层水影响,成岩作用差异较大.Ⅰ型成岩作用以胶结作用更显著,对储层孔隙起破坏作用,其较好储层发育受断裂带控制;Ⅱ型成岩作用以溶解作用为主,对储层具有建设作用,成藏面积广,其储层物性相对较好.该认识为深入研究该区成岩作用规律奠定了基础,也有助于油区进一步勘探开发.  相似文献   

Burial fluxes and source apportionment of carbon in culture areas of Sanggou Bay over the past 200 years     

LIU Sai  HUANG Jiansheng  YANG Qian  YANG Shu  YANG Guipeng  SUN Yao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):23-30

In this study,we assessed the burial fluxes and source appointment of different forms of carbon in core sediments collected from culture areas in the Sanggou Bay,and preliminarily analyzed the reasons for the greater proportion of inorganic carbon burial fluxes(BFTIC).The average content of total carbon(TC) in the Sanggou Bay was 2.14%.Total organic carbon(TOC) accounted for a small proportion in TC,more than 65% of which derived from terrigenous organic carbon(Ct),and while the proportion of marine-derived organic carbon(Ca) increased significantly since the beginning of large-scale aquaculture.Total inorganic carbon(TIC) accounted for 60%–75%of TC,an average of which was 60%,with a maximum up to 90% during flourishing periods(1880–1948) of small natural shellfish derived from seashells inorganic carbon(Shell-IC).The TC burial fluxes ranged from 31 g/(m2·a)to 895 g/(m2·a) with an average of 227 g/(m2·a),which was dominated by TIC(about 70%).Shell-IC was the main source of TIC and even TC.As the main food of natural shellfish,biogenic silica(BSi) negatively correlated with BFTIC through affecting shellfish breeding.BFTIC of Sta.S1,influenced greatly by the Yellow Sea Coastal Current,had a certain response to Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) in some specific periods.  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩储层的主要影响因素   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈金勇  李振鹏 《海洋地质前沿》2010,26(4)

我国的碳酸盐岩形成时间早,埋藏深,沉积环境多样,经历构造演化期次多,成岩演化复杂,非均质性强,而影响碳酸盐岩储层的因素各有不同。结合前人研究成果,我们认为影响碳酸盐岩储层的主要因素有4个:岩性、沉积环境、成岩作用和构造作用,其中成岩作用又分为建设性成岩作用、破坏性成岩作用和复合性成岩作用。建设性成岩作用主要指白云岩化、古岩溶、溶蚀、破裂;破坏性成岩作用主要指胶结、充填、压实(溶)、去白云化;复合性成岩作用主要指重结晶、交代、泥晶化等。碳酸盐岩储层是岩性、沉积环境、成岩作用和构造作用相互叠加的产物。  相似文献   

Radiocarbon-derived sedimentation rates in the Gulf of Mexico     

Peter H. Santschi  Gilbert T. Rowe   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2008,55(24-26):2572

Sedimentation rates were determined for the northern Gulf of Mexico margin sediments at water depths ranging from 770 to 3560 m, using radiocarbon determinations of organic matter. Resulting sedimentation rates ranged from 3 to 15 cm/kyr, decreasing with increasing water depth. These rates agree with long-term sedimentation rates estimated previously using stratigraphic methods, and with estimates of sediment delivery rates by the Mississippi River to the northern Gulf of Mexico, but are generally higher by 1–2 orders of magnitude than those estimated by ²¹⁰Pb_xs methods. Near-surface slope sediments from 2737 m water depth in the Mississippi River fan were much older than the rest. They had minimum ¹⁴C ages of 16–27 kyr and δ¹³C values ranging from −24‰ to −26.5‰, indicating a terrestrial origin of organic matter. The sediments from this site were thus likely deposited by episodic mass wasting of slope sediment through the canyon, delineating the previously suggested main pathway of sediment and clay movement to abyssal Gulf sediments.  相似文献   

川东北飞仙关鲕滩气藏储层流体包裹体与成藏特征   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

陶士振  邹才能  张宝民  曹宏  杨晓萍  谷志东 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2006,25(1):42-48

对川东北地区飞仙关组储层成岩作用特征、流体包裹体均一温度、盐度和阴离子的分析表明,海槽区、鲕粒坝相区和澙湖区等不同沉积相带的成岩作用类型和特征存在较大差别。多数井区至少发生了两次溶蚀作用,晚期胶结作用和包裹体欠发育。孔隙胶结物和裂缝方解石脉中包裹体的发育在时间序列上均不完整。HCO3-与SO24-含量总体呈互为消长的关系,表明富HCO3-和富SO24-代表不同溶蚀作用期次的流体。断裂和裂缝在发育时间上具有阶段性和不连续性,体现在所记录的包裹体信息不具完整性。伴随成岩、成藏演化,总体上成岩流体盐度逐渐增大,即成岩演化阶段越高,流体盐度越高。  相似文献   

Soil-zone microfabrics in calcrete and in desiccation cracks from the upper Jurassic purbeck formation of dorset     

Julian E. Andrews 《Geological Journal》1988,23(3):261-270

Soil-zone microfabrics, alveolar-septal structure, needle-fibre calcite, and calcans are described from horizontal calcrete layers, stringers, and infillings in vertical desiccation cracks from an Upper Jurassic limestone in the Lower Purbeck Formation of Dorset. These calcrete palaeosols occur in an oolitic limestone (the Hard Cap) which represents former evaporitic lagoonal to carbonate mudflat environments. The calcretes occur 6-10 cm below the Great Dirt Bed, a former rendzina soil with rooted tree remains. Desiccation cracks and vugs formed in the oolitic sediment before Great Dirt Bed times. After formation of the Great Dirt Bed, soil-water rich in dissolved CaCO₃ preferentially flowed through natural conduits in the underlying sediment, namely the desiccation cracks and vugs. Calcrete precipitated in these cracks and vugs around decaying plant roots, and probably, during more arid (evaporative) climatic periods. These palaeosol microfabrics are among the first to be described from the British Jurassic and were probably preserved due to the semiarid Lower Purbeck climate where rapid oxidation of organic matter limited the amount and strength of carbonic acid generation, thereby limiting extensive dissolution of early formed soil-zone carbonate. Early diagenetic cementation of the sediment also aided microfabric preservation by sealing off soil-zone structures from subsequent diagenetic fluids.  相似文献   

青藏高原北部东昆仑地区三叠系页岩成岩作用及其对储层的影响     

晁海德  陈建洲  王瑾  李吉庆  王国仓  赵洪岳  蔡廷俊  刘立波  李生福  任文恺  邱亮 《现代地质》2022,36(4):1052-1064

青藏高原北部东昆仑地区八宝山盆地作为高原页岩气成藏特征探索的典型区域之一,对影响储层储集性能的关键因素——成岩作用的研究程度很低,不足以更大限度地发挥其勘探价值。基于岩性观察及薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射等实验分析资料,对该区三叠系页岩成岩作用及对储层的影响开展研究,结果显示,三叠系八宝山组页岩成岩作用共有6类：压实、胶结、黏土矿物转化、交代、溶蚀及有机质热成熟作用。综合有机质成熟度、岩石热解最高峰温、伊蒙混层比中蒙皂石占比、黏土矿物组合、孔隙类型等指标得出：研究区页岩处于中成岩B期-晚成岩阶段。结合各成岩作用对储层孔隙度的影响,研究区压实作用、胶结作用、黏土矿物转化作用易于造成孔隙度的减小,溶蚀作用、有机质热成熟作用易于孔隙度的增大,而交代作用对孔隙影响小。  相似文献   

山西天镇晚白垩世一暴龙类及其埋藏环境     

董黎阳  贾磊  王瑾  吴肖春 《地质学报》2022,96(11):3741-3749

天镇地处山西北部,从早白垩世中期开始,区内古地理格局变化频繁,气候逐渐干旱。不断发现的化石材料表明,这一地区在白垩纪时曾经生存有甲龙类、鸭嘴龙类和蜥脚类恐龙。本文报道了该地区新近发现的一个暴龙类恐龙——王氏晋北龙,并对其埋藏环境进行了分析。结果表明,晋北龙为一处于中间演化阶段的暴龙超科恐龙,比雄关龙更晚分异。它的发现,表明天镇地区在晚白垩世曾经存在着一个由甲龙类、鸭嘴龙类、蜥脚类和兽脚类组成的恐龙动物群,其时代可能处于康尼亚克期至坎潘期。埋藏环境分析表明,晋北龙生前环境为环滨湖地带,死后骨架被短距离搬运,异地埋藏于静水浅湖环境中。  相似文献