Lower Permian formations of different geodynamic environments in A'nyemaqen ophiolitic zone (Buqingshan Mts., eastern Kunlun, Qinghai Province, China)     

I.I.Pospelov  E.Ya.Leven  O.A.Korchagin 《东北亚地学研究》2005,(Z1)

Lower Permian formations within the Buqingshan Mountains (A'nyemaqen ophiolitic zone, eastern sector of the eastern Kunlun) were formed in the following paleogeodynamic environments (from north to south): (1) shelf and slope of a passive continental margin in a marginal sea; (2) partially Permian metamorphic rocks of subduclion-accretion complexes and volcanogenic rocks of an ensimatic island arc, of the age limited from above by the Asselian - Sakmarian; and (3 ) an island arc slope and oceanic trench. Subduction-accretion complexes and the island arc volcanites are overlain with a sharp angular unconformity by a carbonate-conglomerate sequence, which presents as local molasse of the Early Permian age. Based on fusulinids from the basal limestone, the age of the local molasse is first defined as the Yakhtashian-Bolorian, i.e. Artinskian-Kungurian (?). The thorough investigations revealed that the initial closure of the eastern Paleotethys within the eastern Kunlun corresponded to the Sakmarian-Yakhtashian (Artinskian) boundary, whereas in the western Paleotethys sector (Northern Pamirs) the closure occurred considerably earlier, prior to the Late Bashkirian. Thus, the idea that the Paleotethys in the eastern Kunlun reached its maximum width in the Permian, is highly questionable. During the Early Permian the A'nyemaqen branch of the Paleotethys intensely decreased. Beginning from the Bolorian (Kungurian) and up to the end of the Permian this branch represented its relict in the form of a marginal sea depression. It may be suggested that the Paleotethys closure in the A'nyemaqen took place gradually from the west to the east and covered a long period from the Late Carboniferous to the terminal Early Permian.  相似文献   

桂西乐业地区二叠系荷叶藻风暴岩的沉积特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆刚  李文强 《南方国土资源》1992,(4)

二叠系荷叶藻风暴岩在广西属首次发现。它广泛发育在乐业背斜构造的二叠系中。本文通过对两条典型剖面研究,论述了风暴岩的层序、沉积特征、组合类型及其分布,并探讨其沉积模式。认为:该风暴岩主要产于下二叠统栖霞组中部和茅口组底部两个层位的生物屑灰岩中,由荷叶藻及其它生物屑构成各种风暴沉积特征(如粒序层、平行层、丘状层、底面构造……),风暴沉积形成于孤立碳酸盐台地环境,并具有从台缘→台地中心、由近积风暴岩→远积风暴岩→次风暴岩分布规律。指出风暴岩的发现不仅具有沉积学意义,而且对二叠系的地层对比和藻灰岩的成因提供了依据和信息。  相似文献   

河南缺水山区寒武－奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水介质研究     

谢运球  裴建国  刘新号  袁中侠 《河南国土资源》1995,(2)

本文论及河南省豫北和豫西缺水山区寒武－奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水介质结构、构造和空间分布，在此基础上划分出区内四种主要含水介质类型：泥晶灰岩和颗粒泥晶灰岩密集裂隙－溶洞型、角砾状泥灰岩密集裂隙－溶孔型、亮晶鲕粒灰岩稀疏裂隙－溶洞型和结晶白云岩裂隙－晶（溶）孔型。  相似文献   

广西方解石脉型金矿床的地质特征及成因     

张振贤 《南方国土资源》2002,15(2):47-50

在二叠纪孤立碳酸盐台地边缘和生物礁的复合部位 ,含金方解石脉受右江断裂作用影响 ,具有挤压、扭动、碎裂构造特征 ,矿体产状以脉状为主 ,次为不规则状。矿石结构构造为透镜状、条带状、扁豆状、浸染状、细脉状和角砾状。金属矿物除自然金、银外 ,还有黄铁矿、辉锑矿、辰砂、白钨矿、毒砂、磁铁矿、褐铁矿 ;脉石矿物以方解石为主 ,次为石英、高岭石 ,局部有萤石、水云母。围岩蚀变自内向外具有硅化、高岭土化、黄铁矿化→硅化、黄铁矿化→褐铁矿化、重晶石化。矿石品位变化极大 ,一般为 (1.5～ 19.0 6 )× 10 -6,最高 44 0 .6 6× 10 -6,方解石脉晶洞中产皇冠状狗头金 ,重 47kg ,揭示了金矿资源的前景  相似文献   

Upper Eocene travertine-lacustrine carbonate in the Jianchuan basin,southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Reappraisal of its origin and implication for the monsoon climate     

Aki Sakuma  Akihiro Kano  Yoshihiro Kakizaki  Ryuji Tada  Honbo Zheng 《Island Arc》2021,30(1):e12416

The Asian monsoon is one of the largest climatic systems in the world, but age of its onset has been estimated differently ranging from the late Eocene to the Quaternary. We investigated the sedimentology and stable isotopic compositions of the upper Eocene Jiuziyan Formation, a terrestrial limestone unit in the Jianchuan basin, Yunnan Province in China. This limestone formation is restricted in several localities in the central part of the basin. Previously, this has been characterized as palustrine carbonate and the transition to the sublacustrine deposit of the overlying Shuanghe Formation was interpreted as the appearance of wetter climate during the late Eocene. Our observations of macro- and microfacies revealed sedimentary fabrics indicating rapid CaCO₃ precipitation, such as dendritic calcite and calcified reed stems, which are unlikely to develop in a simple lacustrine setting. High carbonate content (mostly >90 %) and restricted distribution of the Jiuziyan limestone indicate a depositional setting spatially limited and isolated from clastic influx. These findings, together with clearly higher δ¹³C values (−0.7 ‰ to +6.9 ‰) and lower δ¹⁸O values (−14.6 ‰ to −10.5 ‰) than those of the Shuanghe Formation, indicate that the limestone was mainly travertine, carbonate formed from endogenic spring water. The elevated δ¹³C resulted from a large amount of CO₂ degassing from spring water with high pCO₂. In addition, the occurrence of centimeter-scale lamination coupled with cyclic changes in δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O is almost identical with the modern annually-laminated travertine reported from Baishuitai in northern Yunnan Province, implying comparable amplitude of seasonal temperature and precipitation changes to the record of the modern travertine at Baishuitai. Our results do not contradict the previous interpretation of late Eocene wetting and additionally suggest the existence of the late Eocene monsoon climate in the Jianchuan basin.  相似文献   

Multi-approach characterization of shallow-water carbonates off Minamitorishima and their depositional settings/history     

Md. Aftabuzzaman  Kazuki Yomogida  Shota Suzuki  Hideko Takayanagi  Akimasa Ishigaki  Shiki Machida  Yoshihiro Asahara  Koshi Yamamoto  Naoto Hirano  Shin-Ichi Sano  Shun Chiyonobu  Davide Bassi  Yasufumi Iryu 《Island Arc》2021,30(1):e12400

Sedimentological, geochemical, and chronological analyses were carried out on 18 carbonate rock samples collected at depths of 938, 1085, and 3354 m on the western slope of Minamitorishima (Marcus Island), which is located near the western margin of the Pacific Plate. Four groups of carbonate rocks were distinguished: a mollusk-rich limestone, a coral-rich dolomite, a foraminiferal-nannofossil packstone, and a phosphatized mudstone/wackestone. The mollusk-rich limestone is characterized by the dominance of bivalves (including rudists) and gastropod shells. Strontium isotope ratios (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) and Mesorbitolina ex gr. texana (a large benthic foraminifer) indicate that the shallow-water carbonates were deposited during the late Aptian–early Albian (ca. 123–111 Ma). The coral-rich dolomite is characterized by abundant scleractinian corals and nongeniculate coralline algae associated with encrusting acervulinid foraminifers. The biotic composition is similar to that of the Oligocene–Pleistocene carbonates reported from other seamounts in the northwestern Pacific. Geochemical data show that the coral-rich carbonates were dolomitized at 9.5–6.8 Ma (Tortonian–Messinian) and that normal seawater was the most likely parent fluid. The foraminiferal-nannofossil packstone is a semi-consolidated foraminiferal-nannofossil ooze and was deposited during the Pleistocene (0.99–0.45 Ma). The phosphatized mudstone/wackestone is marked by the absence of macrofossils and the presence of traces of planktic foraminifers. Although its depositional age is not constrained, the Sr isotope ratios indicate that the phosphatization occurred at 33.2–28.9 Ma. After the deposition of the Cretaceous shallow-water carbonates, including the mollusk-rich limestone, Minamitorishima was drowned and its top was covered with a pelagic cap, represented by the mudstone/wackestone. The late Eocene–early Oligocene volcanism (40.2–33.2 Ma) caused episodic uplift and returned the top of Minamitorishima to a shallow-water environment. After the early Oligocene phosphatization of the pelagic cap, coral reefs flourished on the top of this island. The reef limestone was dolomitized during the Tortonian–Messinian.  相似文献   

Effects of low temperatures on strength and power input into rock failure     

Evgenii V. Zakharov  Alexander S. Kurilko 《寒旱区科学》2014,6(5):0455-0460

Study results of low temperature effects on the strength index and specific power input into rock failure are presented.It has been experimentally determined that within the range of-5 °С to-15 °С,there is a local minimum at which the compression strength and specific power input into failure of some rocks are 10%-50% lower than those at positive temperatures.  相似文献   

碳酸盐成岩作用的研究前沿和值得思考的问题   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

黄思静王春梅  黄培培邹明亮王庆东  郜晓勇 《成都理工学院学报》2008,35(1):1-10

碳酸盐成岩作用在碳酸盐沉积学,尤其是在碳酸盐储层沉积学中具有十分重要的意义,近年在以下领域取得重要进展：（1）白云岩烃类储层的几何学和岩石成因学,尤其涉及到对已有白云化模式的评论和重新认识等。（2）碳酸盐储层热液改造的构造控制机理,涉及热液白云岩的成因及其对烃类储层的影响,尤其是深部热流体对碳酸盐成岩作用的影响。（3）对一些经典成岩理论的更新和对传统成岩理论的挑战,尤其是对混合水成岩作用带和对海水环境下的埋藏成岩作用的重新认识等。（4）锶同位素组成在海相碳酸盐研究中的广泛应用,涉及对地质事件的跟踪研究、海相地层的等时对比、定年和成岩过程中水一岩相互作用的研究等。然而,碳酸盐成岩作用研究中也存在一些问题值得我们思考：（1）深埋条件下碳酸盐最为重要的溶解介质可能是作为硫酸盐还原作用产物的H2S和CO2,但并非是温度越高,碳酸盐越溶解,相对较低的温度条件反而有利于溶解,这就是所谓的倒退溶解模式。（2）碳酸盐溶解需要有温度的降低（即必须要有足够的负△T）,这可通过两种途径实现：其一是沿断层向上运移的流体,显示断层等构造作用在碳酸盐成岩研究中的重要性;二是构造抬升,显示与构造有关的埋藏历史在碳酸盐成岩研究中的重要性。（3）控制白云石锶含量最为重要的因素是其晶体化学习性,锶在白云石中的较低的分配系数导致了白云岩普遍较低的锶含量,因此,我们不能仅利用白云岩的锶含量来判断白云化流体的性质,白云岩较低的锶含量也不能说明相应的白云化流体与海水无关。（4）与硫酸盐还原作用有关的SO4^2-的带出会诱发白云化作用或白云石的沉淀,而与硫酸盐溶解有关的SO4^2-的引入则会加速白云石的溶解。  相似文献   

滇东、桂东北地区泥盆纪灰岩的微相及其形成环境分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪天求 《安徽地质》1996,(3)

在云南的曲靖、盘溪和广西的桂林、阳朔地区，中、晚泥盆世的海相灰岩广泛分布，根据微相特征划分出１３种微相类型．它们代表５种不同的沉积环境。沉积环境的分异与当时的海底地形和海平面的升降密切相关。  相似文献   

半咸水湖盆碳酸盐岩层序地层分析——以东营凹陷南坡中段沙四上亚段为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨勇强  邱隆伟  陈世悦 《地层学杂志》2011,(3):288-294

湖相碳酸盐岩分布于淡水湖盆和咸水湖盆地中,不同类型湖盆碳酸盐岩层序发育特征与构成样式明显存在差异。综合利用岩芯、录井、测井及地震等资料,对东营凹陷南坡中段地区进行了层序地层分析,发现湖相碳酸盐岩主要分布在湖侵体系域,研究区主要存在五种准层序类型：油页岩—白云岩型、油页岩—泥（晶）灰岩型、深水（泥）页岩—颗粒灰岩型、（泥...  相似文献