Statistical approach to determine the salinized ground water flow path and hydrogeochemical features around the underground LPG cavern,Korea     

Jeongho Lee  Ji‐Hoon Kim  Hun‐Mi Kim  Ho‐Wan Chang 《水文研究》2007,21(26):3615-3626

The ground water flow path of the coastal area in the Yellow Sea, Korea, was interpreted using both the cross‐correlation analysis of hydraulic properties and the principal component analysis (PCA) of ground water chemistry. Data was obtained from observation wells in the underground liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cavern constructed in the coastal area of Pyeongtaek. Cross‐correlation results showed that the operating pressure became more influenced on artificial factors for the variation of the groundwater level of the study area (45–66% of correlation coefficient) even though its affecting area was limited to the region with fractures or faults, and also showed that the delay time from the variation of operating pressure to the fluctuation of ground water level were relatively long periods (28–31 days). Three hydrogeochemical events (encrusted cement dissolution, host rock dissolution, and seawater intrusion), which were dominantly influenced on ground water quality, could be induced from the result of PCA. Quantitative evaluation for these events using the mixed equation with principal component scores suggest that the dissolution of encrusted cement materials was the predominant factor (39·0% of the total mixed proportion) to change the chemical composition of the seepage water during the ground water flow from the observation wells to the cavern. Integration of the statistical results also imply that ground water flow and hydrogeochemistry were predominantly affected by artificial factors such as cavern operation pressure and dissolution of encrusted cement materials, which were interdependent factors on the observation wells with high cross‐correlation coefficients and pH. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

流动注射—试钛灵分光光度法连续测定岩石中全铁和钛     

金锐 《国土资源》1989,(1)

流动注射—试钛灵分光光度法测定岩石中全铁和钛,是在原有方法的基础上,引进了流动注射技术,从而提高了样品的分析速度、准确度、精密度,并使样品测试的线性范围有了明显的改善。本方法快速、灵敏、简便、可靠,每小时提供110个测试数据,其铁、钛的相对标准偏差分别为0.82％和2.87％。  相似文献   

SHORT COMMUNICATION APPLICATION OF THE POWELL METHOD TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF FLOW INJECTION SYSTEMS     

M.DELVALLE  J.ALONSO  M.POCH  J.BARTROLí 《地理学报(英文版)》1988,(Z1)

This paper describes the application of the Powell algorithm to the optimization of a flow injectionsystem configuration.The performance of this algorithm has been compared with the modified simplexmethod.The system studied is the determination of ammonia,based on the indophenol blue reaction.Alinear combination of sensitivity and sample throughput is used as the objective function because of itssimultaneous optimization capability.Results obtained show that the proposed method may reach theoptimal conditions with a lower number of experimental evaluations.  相似文献   

A new look at pulsar statistics — Birthrate and evidence for injection     

M. Vivekanand  R. Narayan 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1981,2(3):315-337

We make a statistical analysis of the periodsP and period-derivativesP of pulsars using a model independent theory of pulsar flow in theP-P diagram. Using the available sample ofP andP values, we estimate the current of pulsars flowing unidirectionally along theP-axis, which is related to the pulsar birthrate. Because of radio luminosity selection effects, the observed pulsar sample is biased towards lowP and highP. We allow for this by weighting each pulsar by a suitable scale factor. We obtain the number of pulsars in our galaxy to be 6.05_−2.80 ^+3.32 × 10⁵ and the birthrate to be 0.048_−0.011 ^+0.014 pulsars yr⁻¹ galaxy⁻¹. The quoted errors refer to 95 per cent confidence limits corresponding to fluctuations arising from sampling, but make no allowance for other systematic and random errors which could be substantial. The birthrate estimated here is consistent with the supernova rate. We further conclude that a large majority of pulsars make their first appearance at periods greater than 0.5 s. This ‘injection’, which runs counter to present thinking, is probably connected with the physics of pulsar radio emission. Using a variant of our theory, where we compute the current as a function of pulsar ‘age’ (1/2P/P), we find support for the dipole braking model of pulsar evolution upto 6 × 10⁶ yr of age. We estimate the mean pulsar braking index to be 3.7_−0.8 ^+0.8.  相似文献   

MULTICOMPONENT DETERMINATIONS BY A MEMBRANE-DISCRIMINATED GAS PHASE ANALYZER AND SUCCESSIVE REGRESSION IN THE FIDUCIARY REGION     

KAJPETERSEN  JORGEL.LOPEZ  PURNENDUK.DASGUPTA 《地理学报(英文版)》1989,(3)

A membrane-discriminated gas phase analyzer is proposed for multicomponent determinations. Nitrogengas flows countercurrent through outer and inner channels in a tube-in-tube arrangement. The onlycommunication between the two channels occurs through a 500μm aperture covered by a porous PTFEmembrane. A mixture of organic compounds (up to four components) is injected into the inner channelby a heated backflushed injector and the sample components diffusing into the outer channel aremonitored by a flame ionization detector (FID). A calibration set, consisting of pure components, binary,ternary and quaternary mixtures (a total of 64 samples), provides the known data base: temporal profilesof the FID output as a function of sample composition, Although the overall response behavior is nota linearly additive function of individual analyte concentrations, the use of successive inverse multiplelinear regression (while continually altering the choice of the calibration samples considered for theforward regression, on the basis of the most recent values of the predicted unknown sample composition)is shown to yield analytical results for unknown samples that are in good agreement with their true values.  相似文献   

太行山前平原非河道条件下地下调蓄功能实验研究--以滹沱河冲洪积平原为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张光辉费宇红  邢开刘克岩  王金哲申建梅 聂振龙 《水文》2004,24(2):15-19

摘要：通过实验研究探讨了太行山前平原地下调蓄能力,实验研究表明,在汇水坑渗、井灌和引水渠渗条件下,太行山前冲洪积平原地下调蓄功能不仅与地表积水深度、入渗时间有关,而且还与汇水总量的多少有关。单位时间渗漏量的大小与地表蓄水深度呈正相关关系。地表蓄水深度愈大,单位时间渗漏量愈大;累计渗漏量随着入渗时间的延长而增加,渗漏速率随着累计渗漏量的增加而减小。采用井灌方式进行地下调蓄的关键,是选择具有强渗透性的层位。  相似文献   

巴彦淖尔市水泥混凝土施工冻害指数分析     

高贵荣  毕炜  杨北华  杨青  张静  王瑞红 《内蒙古气象》2012,(5):33-35

为了便于开展冬季水泥混凝土施工气象服务,选用临河和海流图（乌拉特中旗）测站近10a的气象资料分别作为河套和后山地区的气象数据．选取逐日最高气温、最低气温、定时相对湿度、最小相对湿度、降水量、定时风速,经过筛选、统计、计算,得出河套地区水泥施工适宜时段为4月上旬末至10月中旬,后n1地区水泥施工适宜时段为4月中旬末至10月上旬．这一研究结果町以提升冬季建筑施工气象服务的针对性和实用性。  相似文献   

Injection and arrest of dykes: implications for volcanic hazards     

Agust Gudmundsson  Laura B. Marinoni  Joan Marti 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1999,88(1-2)

Dykes are the principal channels through which magma reaches the surface in volcanic eruptions. For this reason dykes observed in the field are commonly assumed to be feeders to lava flows. The actual proportion of dykes reaching the surface is, however, poorly known. In order to develop models for the purpose of estimating volcanic hazard, this proportion must be known. This follows because such models should not only consider the probability of dykes being injected from magma chambers during periods of unrest in the associated volcanoes, but also the probability of the injected dykes being arrested. This paper presents field data on several thousand dykes from Iceland and Tenerife (Canary Islands) indicating that many, and probably most, dykes become arrested at various crustal levels and never reach the surface to feed eruptions. Using the results of analytical and numerical models, it is shown that, for common loading conditions, the stress field in the vicinity of a magma chamber may favour the injection and propagation of dykes while the stress field at a certain distance from the chamber favours dyke arrest. This means that many dykes that are injected from the chamber propagate only for a very limited distance from the chamber to the point where they become arrested. The implication is that during periods of unrest in volcanoes, the probability of volcanic eruption is only a small fraction of the probability of dyke injection from the source magma chamber.  相似文献   

Diagenesis impact on a deeply buried sandstone reservoir (Es1 Member) of the Shahejie Formation,Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,East China     

M. Kashif  Y. Cao  W. Jian  X. Cheng  P. Sun 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(1):133-151

Diagenesis has a significant impact on reservoir quality in deeply buried formations. Sandstone units of the Shahejie Formation (Es₁ Member) of Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, East China is a typical deeply buried sandstone with large hydrocarbon accumulations. The methodology includes core observations and thin section studies, using fluorescence, scanning electron microscope (SEM), cathodoluminescence (CL), fluid inclusion and isotope and electron probing analysis as well as the numerical determination of reservoir characteristics. The sandstones consist of medium to coarse-grained, slight to moderate sorted lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite. Porosity and permeability values range from 0.5 to 30% and 0.006 to 7000 mD, respectively. The diagenetic history reveals mixed episodes of diagenesis and deep burial followed by uplift. The main diagenetic events include compaction, cementation alteration, dissolution of unstable minerals and grain fracturing. Compaction resulted in densification and significantly reduced the primary porosity. Quartz, calcite and clay are the dominant pore-occluding cement and occur as euhedral to subhedral crystals. Alteration and dissolution of volcanic lithic fragments and pressure solution of feldspar grains were the key sources of quartz cement whereas carbonate cement is derived from an external source. Clay minerals resulted from the alteration of feldspar and volcanic lithic fragments. Porosity and permeability data predict a good inverse relationship with cementation whereas leaching of metastable grains, dissolution of cement and in some places formation of pore-lining chlorite enhanced the reservoir quality. The best reservoir is thicker sandstone bodies that are medium to coarse-grained, well-sorted sandstone with low primary ductile grains with a minor amount of calcite cement. The present study shows several diagenetic stages in the Es₁ Member, but the overall reservoir quality is preserved.  相似文献   

新和地1井复杂地层水泥封孔护壁造斜技术          下载免费PDF全文

肖长城  贾中芳  高士彬  李明 《探矿工程》2019,46(2):50-54

新和地1井在钻进1314.00～1419.98 m孔段时钻遇巨厚破碎带,地层高度破碎、大倾角、富含水系,孔壁掉块、水敏坍塌现象严重。钻进时孔内阻力大,钻具放不到底,孔内事故多发,破碎带难以钻穿。为处理孔内事故并钻穿巨厚破碎带,采用水泥封孔护壁造斜技术。受孔内复杂因素影响,特别是1358.76～1396.46 m破碎带内水系对水泥浆的稀释和冲蚀破坏作用,前期多次水泥封孔失败,浪费了大量物资及工期。现场通过试验,总结出了一套有针对性的、实用的技术方案,解决了现场的水泥封孔技术难题,提高了水泥封孔护壁造斜的成功率。新和地1井深孔复杂地层水泥封孔护壁造斜技术对今后施工类似工程具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献