水泥固化锌污染土电阻率与强度特性研究     

张少华  李熠  寇晓辉  董晓强 《岩土力学》2015,36(10):2899-2906

以标准砂及普通硅酸盐水泥为试验材料,制作水泥固化锌污染土样,进行了一系列电阻率和无侧限抗压强度试验。研究了交流电频率对水泥固化锌污染土电阻率的影响、不同含量锌离子对水泥缓凝作用的影响、锌离子含量和龄期分别对水泥土电阻率和强度的影响、电阻率与无侧限抗压强度的关系。结果表明：电阻率随电流频率的增加而明显降低,尤其当频率低于50 kHz时为甚;不同含量的锌离子对水泥土的缓凝作用影响明显,随着锌离子含量的增大,水泥土强度的充分发挥所需时间逐渐增长,但在锌离子含量为500 mg/kg时,缓凝作用表现异常;电阻率和强度均随龄期的增加而增长,随锌离子的含量的增加上下波动,电阻率在锌离子含量为50 mg/kg和500 mg/kg时出现极值,强度在锌离子含量为100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg时出现极值;在各个龄期下,电阻率与强度均呈现出很好的线性关系。  相似文献   

Diagenetic fluid evolution and water-rock interaction model of carbonate cements in sandstone: An example from the reservoir sandstone of the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation of the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area,Sichuan Province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU SiBing  HUANG SiJing  SHEN ZhongMin  Lü ZhengXiang  SONG RongCai 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(5):1077-1092

Carbonate cement is the most abundant cement type in the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation in the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area of the West Sichuan Depression. Here we use a systematic analysis of carbonate cement petrology, mineralogy, carbon and oxygen isotope ratios and enclosure homogenization temperatures to study the precipitation mechanism, pore fluid evolution, and distribution of different types of carbonate cement in reservoir sand in the study area. Crystalline calcite has relatively heavy carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = 2.14‰, δ18O = -5.77‰), and was precipitated early. It was precipitated directly from supersaturated alkaline fluid under normal temperature and pressure conditions. At the time of precipitation, the fluid oxygen isotope ratio was very light, mainly showing the characteristics of a mixed meteoric water-seawater fluid(δ18O = -3‰), which shows that the fluid during precipitation was influenced by both meteoric water and seawater. The calcite cement that fills in the secondary pores has relatively lighter carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = -2.36‰, δ18O = -15.68‰). This cement was precipitated late, mainly during the Middle and Late Jurassic. An important material source for this carbonate cement was the feldspar corrosion process that involved organic matter. The Ca2+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ ions released by the clay mineral transformation process were also important source materials. Because of water-rock interactions during the burial process, the oxygen isotope ratio of the fluid significantly increased during precipitation, by about 3‰. The dolomite cements in calcarenaceous sandstone that was precipitated during the Middle Jurassic have heavier carbon and oxygen isotope ratios, which are similar to those of carbonate debris in the sandstone(δ13C = 1.93‰, δ18O = -6.11‰), demonstrating that the two are from the same source that had a heavier oxygen isotope ratio(δ18O of about 2.2‰). The differences in fluid oxygen isotope ratios during cement precipitation reflect the influences of different water-rock interaction systems or different water-rock interaction strengths. This is the main reason why the sandstone containing many rigid particles(lithic quartz sandstone) has a relatively negative carbon isotope ratio and why the precipitation fluid in calcarenaceous sandstone has a relatively heavier oxygen isotope ratio.  相似文献   

Stabilization of Expansive Clays Using Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS) and GBFS-Cement   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Erdal Cokca  Veysel Yazici  Vehbi Ozaydin 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2009,27(4):489-499

Expansive clays undergo swelling when subjected to water. This can cause damage, especially to light weight structures, water conveyance canals, lined reservoirs, highways, and airport runways unless appropriate measures are taken. In this study, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and GBFS-cement (GBFSC) were utilized to overcome or to limit the expansion of an artificially prepared expansive soil sample (sample A). GBFS and GBFSC were added to sample A in proportions of 5–25% by weight. The effects of these stabilizers on grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, swelling percentage and rate of swell of soil samples were determined. GBFS and GBFSC were shown to successfully decreasing the total amount of swell while increasing the rate of swell.  相似文献   

Behavior of soil plugs in open‐ended model piles driven into sands     

Kyu‐Ho Paik  Seung‐Rae Lee 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):353-373

Calibration chamber tests were conducted on open‐ended model piles driven into dried siliceous sands with different soil conditions in order to clarify the effect of soil conditions on load transfer mechanism in the soil plug. The model pile used in the test series was devised so that the bearing capacity of an open‐ended pile could be measured as three components: outside shaft resistance, plug resistance, and tip resistance. Under the assumption that the unit shaft resistance due to pile‐soil plug interaction varies linearly near the pile tip, the plug resistance was estimated. The plug capacity, which was defined as the plug resistance at ultimate condition, is mainly dependent on the ambient lateral pressure and relative density. The length of wedged plug that transfers the load decreases with the decrease of relative density, but it is independent of the ambient pressure and penetration depth. Under several assumptions, the value of earth pressure coefficient in the soil plug can be calculated. It gradually reduces with increase in the longitudinal distance from the pile tip. At the bottom of the soil plug, it tends to decrease with increase in the penetration depth and relative density, and to increase with the increase of ambient pressure. This may be attributed to (1) the decrease of friction angle as a result of increase in the effective vertical stress, (2) the difference in the dilation degree of the soil plug during driving with ambient pressures, and (3) the difference in compaction degree of soil plug during driving with relative densities. Based on the test results, an empirical equation was suggested to compute the earth pressure coefficient to be used in the calculation of plug capacity using one‐dimensional analysis, and it produces proper plug capacities for all soil conditions.  相似文献   

Cement Deep Soil Mixing (CDSM) for Solidification of Soft Estuarine Sediments     

A. Maher  W. S. Douglas  D. Yang  F. Jafari  V. R. Schaefer 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):221-235

A preliminary study was conducted to determine the potential for cement deep soil mixing (CDSM) technology as a method for in-situ solidification of contaminated river and estuarine sediments. The study was conducted in Newark Bay, near the mouth of the Passaic River, New Jersey. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the viability of CDSM for the in-situ S/S with a focus on: 1) determining the correct mix of the cement slurry, which provides rapid stabilization of the sediment matrix, 2) potential resuspension of solids during CSDM operations, 3) the effects of high organic content on the solidification process, and 4) the feasibility of using conventional dredging/extraction methods once the sediments have been stabilized and allowed to cure. The results of the study show CDSM slurry mixtures, as low as 7% in cement content, result in significant solidification and strength gain of in-situ sediments under ambient conditions. In sediments with very high organic contents (> 20%), the slurry mix would need to be adjusted to account for retardation effects of organics on cement hydration. Sediment resuspension during application was shown to be minimal at a distance of as little as 75 feet from the mixing head. Strength gains were considerable, effectively consolidating the sediment particles in a secure matrix, but not so high as to preclude extraction of solidified sediments with conventional dredging equipment. Dredged solidified sediment exhibited characteristics of a stiff glacial clay, and as such was easier to handle and transport than untreated dredged sediments. This technique has high potential to be used as an interim remedial measure prior to either extraction and decontamination/disposal or proper capping.  相似文献   

实施低碳水泥标准的影响及协同减排效果分析     

庞军石媛昌  冯相昭刘嘉 孙文龙 《气候变化研究进展》2013,9(4):275-283

采用MAP-CGE模型,模拟了我国水泥行业实施低碳水泥标准对不同生产工艺产出、能耗及污染排放的影响,测算了对其边际减排成本和均衡价格的影响,分析了对不同污染物的协同减排效果。模拟结果表明：实施低碳水泥标准有利于水泥生产工艺的升级换代,并有助于水泥行业节能减排;在现有技术水平下,水泥行业在减排1 t CO2的同时将带来约1.17 kg的SO2减排量和4.44 kg的NOx减排量;实施低碳水泥标准对于水泥行业控制NOx排放很有利;但水泥行业也需承担减排成本并导致其均衡价格的小幅上升。  相似文献   

钢套管灌注群桩施工顺序对多隧道的影响     

宋福贵  王炳龙  黄大维  张超  李培妍 《岩土力学》2012,33(8):2330-2336

通过理论研究和数值分析方法,分析了钢套管桩不同的施工顺序对邻近既有隧道的影响,并结合现场实测数据对分析结果进行了验证。首先,采用理论方法分析钢套管旋转下压过程中土塞柱的受力情况,建立微分方程计算土塞柱底端的应力、土塞柱受到的剪切扭矩和自身抗剪扭矩,进而分析得到了土塞柱发生剪切破坏和土塞效应的临界深度。在此基础上按是否产生闭塞效应,分两种情况研究了钢套管旋压过程中产生的土体膨胀率。然后,利用既得的土体膨胀率,通过理论分析和数值模拟方法分析了群桩不同的施工顺序对既有多条盾构隧道的影响,得出了相对较优的群桩施工顺序方案。工程现场实测数据与数值模拟结果的对比分析表明,上述计算结果与实际情况能较好吻合。该研究对类似工程具有理论指导意义和实践参考价值。  相似文献   

便携式钻机在水泥灰岩矿勘查中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

周旭林  尹辉暾  周子幸  李成 《探矿工程》2017,44(6):1-5

便携式钻机已广泛应用于地质与工程勘查中,为了进一步扩大便携式钻机的应用范围,倡导绿色勘查,在湖南省东安县王师岭矿区水泥灰岩矿勘查中,采用ZY-25型便携式钻机以钻代槽进行地表取样,取得了较好的效果。应用实践表明,当矿区构造简单,岩层产状较平缓且稳定,矿体厚度较大,矿石有用组分含量较高且分布均匀,有害组分含量较低时,采用便携式钻机取样代替槽探取样评价矿床是可行的。  相似文献   

静压预应力混凝土管桩土塞效应试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张忠苗  刘俊伟  俞峰  谢志专 《岩土力学》2011,32(8):2274-2280

对淤泥质黏土互层以及粉土两种土层条件下静压预应力混凝土管桩的土塞效应进行了试验研究。现场及室内试验结果显示,管桩径厚比越大、土层条件越为坚硬则形成的土塞相对高度越大。上硬下软的土层分布易形成闭塞现象,而上软下硬的情况则易导致土塞的滑动。沉桩过程中,管壁端阻与静力触探锥尖阻力具有极为相似的变化规律,两者比值不随土塞高度变化率及沉桩深度的变化而改变。管壁端阻与锥尖阻力的相关性与土层条件密切相关,对于淤泥质黏土和粉土而言,两者比值分别为0.59和0.81。土塞的分层与地基土层分布基本一致,且分层界面为向上凸起的曲面。土塞形成过程中挤密效应是显著的,黏聚力则因扰动的影响有不同程度的降低。直剪试验显示,土塞抗剪强度的时效性是显著的。粉土中预应力混凝土管桩有效土塞高度约为5～6倍桩径,为整个土塞高度的70%;而淤泥质黏土中有效土塞高度大于4倍桩径。试验结果与已有的研究结果较为接近  相似文献   

纤维水泥土力学性能的试验研究     

鹿群  郭少龙  王闵闵  高萌 《岩土力学》2016,37(Z2):421-426

为了解加入纤维对水泥土力学性能的影响,对素水泥土及纤维水泥土进行了无侧限抗压和疲劳试验。研究结果表明,添加纤维可小幅度提高水泥土的抗压强度;与素水泥土相比,纤维水泥土在达到应力峰值时的应变明显增大,破坏后的残余强度也有所提高;纤维的加入提高了水泥土的延性,减少了裂缝的开展,改善了其力学性能;添加纤维后水泥土抵抗疲劳的能力明显增强;掺入纤维对水泥土抗疲劳能力的提高程度远大于其对水泥土无侧限强度的提高程度;水泥土的应力水平和疲劳寿命之间具有单对数线性关系;在循环荷载作用下水泥土表现为低应力性破裂特征。  相似文献