攀西裂谷构造—岩浆活动及其成因探讨     

沈发奎 《岩石矿物学杂志》1989,(4)

本文主要讨论穹窿-火山型攀西裂谷的成因,岩浆深成作用与火山作用过程;穹窿构造的发生、发展的演化历史;岩浆分异趋势及双峰式岩浆演化系列及其成因。 攀西裂谷曾经历了岩石圈穹窿—陆壳穹窿一次火山穹窿三个发展演化阶段。碱性岩浆作用与地壳隆升、地幔去气、热流汇聚作用有着密切的成因联系,成穹作用最盛,岩浆碱度最高。随着陆壳破裂、开放、挥发分散逸,岩浆性质从强碱质—弱碱质—碱酸性转化。 穹窿构造的发展演化阶段有机地控制了岩浆源和二次岩浆房的深度和岩浆演化特点,随着穹窿构造的发展演化,岩浆活动由深成幔源→中浅成幔源加陆壳轻微混染→超浅成壳幔混合源逐渐演化,因而可以认为:穹窿-火山型裂谷发育的各个阶段,存在有低位→中位→高位的二次岩浆房。 攀西裂谷属不发育的夭折裂谷,以演化时间长为特点,有利于岩浆深源(二次岩浆房内)结晶分异、液体不混容性分离作用和陆壳的同化混染作用等得以彻底进行,最终形成“双峰式”岩浆组合。  相似文献   

攀西裂谷构造─岩浆活动及其成因探讨     

沈发奎 《岩石矿物学杂志》1989,8(4):311-320

本文主要讨论弯窿一火山型攀西裂谷的成因，岩浆深成作用与火山作用过程;弩窿梅 造的发生、发展的演化历史，岩浆分异趋势及双峰式岩浆演化系列及其成因。 攀西裂谷曾经历了岩石圈弯窿一除壳弯窿一次火山弯窿三个发展演化阶段。碱性岩浆作用与 地壳隆开、地慢去气、热流汇聚作用有着密切的成因联系，成弯作用最盛，岩浆碱度最高。随着 陆壳破裂、开放、挥发分散逸，岩浆性质从强碱质一弱碱质一碱酸性转化。 弯窿构造的发展演化阶段有机地控制了岩浆源和二次岩浆房的深度和岩浆演化特点，随着弯 窿构造的发展演化，岩浆活动由深成慢源→中浅成慢源加嵌轻微混染→超浅成壳慢混合源逐渐 演化，因而可以认为:弯窿一火山型裂谷发育的各个阶段，存在有低位→中位→高位的二次岩浆 房. 攀西裂谷属不发育的夭折裂谷，以演化时间长为特点，有利于岩浆深源(二次岩浆房内)结 晶分异、液体不混容性分离作用和陆壳的同化混染作用等得以彻底进行，最终形成“双峰式”岩 浆组合。  相似文献   

An FTIR product study of the photooxidation of dimethyl disulfide     

I. Barnes  K. H. Becker  N. Mihalopoulos 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1994,18(3):267-289

The products of the 254 nm photolysis of ppm levels of DMDS have been studied as a function of the O₂ partial pressure at 760 Torr (N₂ + O₂) and 298±2 K. The major sulfur containing compounds detected were SO₂ and CH₃SO₃H (methane sulfonic acid, MSA) and the major carbon containing compounds were CO, HCHO, CH₃OH and CH₃OOH (methyl hydroperoxide). Within the experimental error limits the observed sulfur and carbon balances were approximately 100%. CH₃OOH has been observed for the first time in such a photooxidation system. Its observation provides evidence for the formation of CH₃ radicals by the further oxidation of the CH₃S radicals formed in the primary photolysis step.From the behavior of the DMDS photolysis products as a function of the O₂ partial pressure, O₃ concentration and added OH radical source it is postulated that the further reactions of CH₃SOH (methyl sulfenic acid), formed in the reaction OH + CH₃SCCH₃ CH₃SOH + CH₃S, are the main source of MSA in the 254 nm photolysis of DMDS.Some of the possible implications of the results of this study for the degradation mechanisms of other atmospherically important organic sulfur compounds, in particular DMS, are briefly considered.  相似文献   

云室中两种检测冰晶方法的比较   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

酆大雄 《气象》2003,29(1):17-19

通过实验比较了在云室中检测冰晶的两种方法－糖盘法和玻片法，结果表明玻璃片测到的冰晶数比糖盘高数倍，讨论了两种方法检测的上下限，优缺点及应用范围。  相似文献   

钻孔高压压水测试在深埋与承压洞室工程中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭启良  丁立丰  王海忠  张志国 《岩土力学》2003,(Z1)

随着工程建设的发展,最高压力为1.0 MPa的常规压水测试,已不能满足具有压力洞室工程的勘测需要。只有按照洞壁围岩实际承受的压力进行高压压水测试,才能为确定岩体的高压透水性状、洞壁围岩的临界破裂压力、岩体透水性随时间的变化特征,以及岩体高压作用下的变形与工程稳定性分析等提供可靠依据。  相似文献   

O₃浓度增加对油菜影响的诊断试验研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

白月明  王春乙  刘玲  郭建平  温民 《应用气象学报》2002,13(3):364-370

利用OTC-1型农田开顶式气室对油菜进行了不同臭氧浓度200×10-9、100×10-9、50×10-9、未过滤（25×10-9～40×10-9）和过滤掉自然大气的O₃后（约为10×10-9）5个处理的长期接触试验，结果表明:目前大气本底（25×10-9～40×10-9）和50×10-9的低浓度臭氧对油菜有慢性伤害作用。臭氧浓度增加到100×10-9、200×10-9时油菜出现退绿、失水等急性伤害症状。臭氧浓度增加可导致植株矮化，株型缩小，叶片数和叶面积减少，光合速率、生物产量和经济产量下降。试验还表明，正常生长的油菜移入浓度为100×10-9、200×10-9的臭氧环境下，首先受影响的是叶肉和表皮，而此环境下的新生叶片其叶脉将首先扭曲变形。  相似文献   

云南腾冲火山区上部地壳三维地震速度层析成像   总被引：22，自引：3，他引：22  

楼海  王椿镛  皇甫岗  秦嘉政 《地震学报》2002,24(3):243-251

根据1999年腾冲火山区人工地震探测资料，用层析成像方法反演了腾冲火山区上地壳三维P波速度结构．层析成像结果显示出，在腾冲火山区下方的上地壳内存在明显的P波低速区，该低速区在地下7～8km深度，可能与上地壳内的岩浆囊或部分熔融体有关．层析结果还显示出低速区主体在热海地区的东北侧．地表附近的低速区可能是构造破裂发育地区形成了有利于深部热流体上升的通道，因此，在热海形成最活跃的地热显示．   相似文献   

Exchange flux of total gaseous mercury between air and natural water surfaces in summer season   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

冯新斌  Jonas Sommar 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(3):211-220

The exchanges of mercury between surface and air are of significance in the biogeochemical cycling of Hg in the environment, but there are still few reliable data on air/surface exchange in aquatic systems. Field measurement campaigns over seawater surface at Kristineberg Marine Research Station (KMRS) and over Hovg?rds?n River surface at Knobesholm in southwestern Sweden were conducted to measure mercury flux using a dynamic flux chamber technique coupled with automatic mercury vapor-phase analyzers. Both sites show net emissions during summer time. Mercury fluxes measured over both river and seawater surfaces exhibit a consistently diurnal pattern with maximum fluxes during the daytime period and minimum fluxes during the nighttime period. At freshwater site, mercury flux is strongly correlated with the intensity of net solar radiation, and negatively correlated with relative humidity. A typical exponential relationship between mercury flux and water temperature was observed at freshwater measurement site. At seawater site, a strong correlation between mercury flux and intensity of solar radiation was obtained. The driving force of mercury emission from water surface to air is the super-saturation of dissolved gaseous mercury in aqueous phase.  相似文献   

Rare earth element fractionation in magmatic Ca-rich garnets     

Birgit Scheibner  Gerhard Wörner  Lucia Civetta  Heinz-Günter Stosch  Klaus Simon  Andreas Kronz 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,154(1):55-74

Igneous garnets have the potential to strongly fractionate rare earth elements (REE). Yet informations on partition coefficients are very scant, and criteria for distinguishing between hydrothermal and magmatic garnets are ambiguous. To fill this gap, we present trace element and isotopic data for two types of Ca-rich garnets from phonolites (Mt. Somma-Vesuvius). Both Ca-garnet populations are different in their style and dynamics of fractionation: one population is progressively strongly depleted in HREE from core to rim, reflecting REE fractionation in the host phonolite via earlier-crystallized garnets. Such examples for extreme changes in HREE in garnets are only known for hydrothermal grandites by REE-bearing fluids. The second garnet population is homogeneous and formed in a closed system. Near-flat patterns between Sm and Lu confirm experimental data indicating lower D(Sm)/D(Lu) for Ca-rich garnets than for e.g. pyrope-rich garnets. It follows: D ^Grt/PhMelt for La = 0.5, Sm = 48 and Yb = 110.  相似文献   

Theoretical controlled-source electromagnetic responses of fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge models     

M. E. Everett  R. N. Edwards 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,105(2):313-323

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