Quantification of electron microprobe compositional maps of rock thin sections: an optimized method and examples   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

V. DE ANDRADE  O. VIDAL  E. LEWIN  P. O'BRIEN  P. AGARD 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2006,24(7):655-668

Quantification of discrete pressure–temperature domains in deformed chlorite + white mica‐bearing metapelites was undertaken on mineral compositions derived by two‐dimensional microprobe compositional mapping of selected areas of rock thin sections. In order to achieve compositional information at sufficient analytical precision, spatial resolution and sample coverage within a typical analysis time of 1 day, an optimization of measurement methods was necessary. The method presented here allows collection of raw counts for eight different element concentrations at an analytical precision of ～1–2 wt%. X‐ray intensity multiplane maps (one map per measured chemical element) are translated into concentration multiplane maps, utilizing selected conventionally measured spot analyses combined with the Castaing approximation for each mineral. As this step requires identification of the different minerals present in the mapped area, a statistical clustering technique to identify different groups of composition was developed, guided by simple petrographic inspection of the thin section, to delineate the important minerals in the mapped area. Finally, the compositions of each pixel are translated into a mineral structural formula thus yielding a new kind of image with a high content of petrological information. The reliability of the mineral composition images was emphasized by carrying out precision tests on the analytical data. The possible use of chemical maps to infer the P–T–deformation history of metamorphic rocks is illustrated with two samples from the Spitzbergen and the Sambagawa blueschist facies belts. In both samples, a strong correlation between structures and chemistry is observed. Qualitative estimates of P–T conditions from the Si‐content of mica and chlorite are in good agreement with their location in microstructures that formed at different times. Therefore, the combination of chemical maps with microstructural observations is a very powerful approach to understand both the evolution of complex metamorphic rocks and the control by deformation of mineral reactivity.  相似文献   

滇西南翁孔坝铜多金属矿床绿泥石特征及其地质意义     

曾淑明  张艳  韩润生  刘飞  王明志  吴子卓  田映天 《矿床地质》2023,42(4):828-844

翁孔坝铜多金属矿床位于云县-景洪火山弧带北段,是该带典型的铜多金属矿床之一,具有良好的成矿条件和找矿潜力。绿泥石化是该矿床最重要的蚀变类型之一。文章在详细的野外工作基础上,通过对该矿床岩(矿)石样品的岩相学研究,利用电子探针和扫描电镜分析绿泥石的化学成分和形态特征,进而揭示绿泥石的形成环境,探讨绿泥石化与多金属矿化之间的关系。结果显示,该矿床中绿泥石主要有3种类型：包括沿裂隙和孔洞中充填的Chl-Ⅰ类绿泥石、铁镁质矿物蚀变形成且与斑铜矿-辉铜矿矿脉共生的Chl-Ⅱ_1-2类绿泥石以及与方铅矿一起充填杏仁体的Chl-Ⅱ3类绿泥石。从Chl-Ⅰ类绿泥石→Chl-Ⅱ_1-2类绿泥石→Chl-Ⅱ₃类绿泥石,其氧逸度和硫逸度呈现出逐渐降低的演化规律,温度为188～297℃,反映出它们形成于中等硫逸度、低氧逸度、中低温的热液环境。该矿床绿泥石属于密绿泥石和铁斜绿泥石,其主要阳离子与Mg之间具有较强的相关性,为多期热液蚀变的产物,物质来源于矿区发育的一套中-基性火山岩,其形成机制为溶蚀-结晶和溶蚀-迁移-沉淀。绿泥石化的形成促进了铜、铅锌...  相似文献   

阜东斜坡区齐古组自生绿泥石的赋存状态与影响因素     

祁利祺  张晓童  张浩宇  陈可欣  梅红婧  于景维 《岩石矿物学杂志》2023,42(6):826-837

在野外剖面及岩心观察基础上,利用薄片鉴定、扫描电镜以及电子探针等多重手段,对阜东斜坡区齐古组砂岩储层中自生绿泥石的赋存特征和形成机制进行了详细的分析,为油气藏寻找以及开发方案的调整提供方向。结果表明,研究区齐古组储层砂岩中自生绿泥石在镜下呈现3种赋存状态：衬垫式、薄膜式和充填式,以衬垫式为主,相对应的储层物性较好;自生绿泥石为富铁绿泥石,凝灰质岩屑以及长石类矿物的溶蚀、黏土矿物之间的转化以及河流溶解的Fe所形成的絮状沉淀都为自生绿泥石的形成提供了重要的物质基础;粒径大的砂岩储层中流体流动性相对较好,有利于形成绿泥石大量发育的碱性环境;齐古组绿泥石的赋存状态一致,其含量不同对储层储集性能及敏感性有一定影响。  相似文献   

滇西北羊拉铜矿床赋矿围岩的时代和物源区特征:锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄的制约     

杨德庭  王彦斌 《地质论评》2015,61(3):694-708

滇西北德钦县羊拉铜矿床赋矿围岩沉积时代的确定对深入研究羊拉铜矿的矿床成因、形成时代和构造背景具有重要的地质意义。笔者等对羊拉铜矿区里农矿段赋矿围岩绿泥板岩进行了LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄测定,获得的碎屑锆石年龄范围为306~2606 Ma,主要年龄峰约为345 Ma、429 Ma、1446 Ma、1515 Ma和1829 Ma。其中约345 Ma的最年轻的主要年龄峰限定了羊拉铜矿床赋矿围岩的沉积时代为石炭纪,并非前人认为的泥盆纪。约345 Ma的岩浆事件最为强烈,对应金沙江洋盆扩张的时代,其伴随的海底火山-喷流沉积作用可能发生于石炭纪,石炭纪的海底火山喷流-沉积作用在羊拉铜矿床的形成过程中起了主导作用,而后期花岗闪长岩体对原生层状铜矿体的叠加改造主要集中于三叠纪。此外,绿泥板岩中约为1446 Ma、1515 Ma、1829 Ma和2423 Ma的古老碎屑锆石年龄峰,暗示了金沙江缝合带羊拉铜矿区变质沉积岩的沉积物源可能来源于扬子陆块。  相似文献   

川南普格玄武岩中沥青质杏仁体的矿物学与成因     

张良钜  阮青锋  杨育富  李东升  曾伟来 《高校地质学报》2020,26(6):628-638

川南普格玄武岩顶部发育了一系列杏仁体,沥青、绿泥石、石英、自然铜等矿物以各种产状出现在杏仁体中。系统的矿物学研究表明：杏仁体中的绿泥石为辉绿泥石,形成于中—高温富有机质成矿热液环境;沥青属于石油沥青,有机质来源于下伏地层的中二叠统阳新组（P2 y）生物碎屑灰岩;绿泥石、沥青、石英及自然铜等矿物是玄武岩成岩后的构造应力与晚期基性火山活动共同作用形成的含有机质成矿热液演化的结果,其形成过程为：玄武质岩浆末期（基性岩浆作用末期）→含铜的火山热液(火山热液作用）→构造应力→含有机质的成矿热液→绿泥石→第一世代沥青→乳白色石英→烟灰色石英、第二世代沥青、自然铜→辉铜矿→葡萄石。玄武岩中含沥青的杏仁体、晶洞以及构造破碎带可以作为该地区的铜矿化的重要找矿标志。  相似文献   

南岭中段黄沙铀矿区绿泥石成因及其与铀成矿关系          下载免费PDF全文

潘春蓉  牟平  钟福军  黄广文  李海东  潘家永 《中国地质》2020,47(2):348-361

绿泥石化是南岭中段黄沙铀矿区中广泛发育的热液蚀变类型。在岩相学的基础上,通过电子探针分析技术研究了铀矿区内221、223铀矿床绿泥石的矿物共生组合类型与形貌特征,划分了绿泥石的化学类型,提出该矿区绿泥石的4种产出状态,探讨了绿泥石的形成温度和环境,讨论了绿泥石的形成机制及其与铀成矿的关系。研究结果显示该矿区绿泥石:(1)在形貌特征上,矿前期绿泥石主要呈黑云母假象或星点状、团块状产出,成矿期绿泥石主要呈脉状产出;(2)在成因类型上,绿泥石主要有黑云母蚀变型、长石蚀变型、裂隙充填型和与铀矿共生型4种类型;(3)绿泥石的形成温度为200～310℃,其中与铀矿物共生型绿泥石的平均形成温度为215°C,属于中低温热液矿床范围;(4)绿泥石主要形成于还原环境,形成机制主要有溶解-沉淀和溶解-迁移-沉淀两种。  相似文献   

Ore Mineralogy and Mineral Chemistry of the Ashanti Gold Deposit at Obuasi, Ghana     

Shiloh OSAE  Katsuo KASE  Masahiro YAMAMOTO 《Resource Geology》1999,49(1):1-11

Abstract: The gold deposit at Ashanti occurs in the Proterozoic Birimian formation of Ghana. Two main ore types mined from the deposit are gold-bearing quartz veins, and gold-sulfide disseminations in metasediments and metavolcanics. The main sulfide minerals in the gold-sulfide disseminated ores are arsenopyrite, pyrite and pyrrhotite, and to a very minor extent, sphalerite and tetrahedrite. Carbonate alteration and sericitization are prominent in the metavolcanics and the metasediments, respectively. In the quartz veins, pyrite and arsenopyrite commonly occur in small amounts, but gold mostly occurs in contact with tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, galena, aurostibite, and sphalerite. Pyrrhotite is absent in the quartz veins.
Microprobe studies indicate that As content of homogeneous arsenopyrite grains ranges from 27. 0 to 31. 7 atm%, and gives mineralization temperatures from 170 to 430°C, although mostly from 300 to 400°C. Chlorite geothermometry using temperature dependence of substitution of Al for Si in the tetrahedral site gives formation temeratures of 330 to 400°C, comparable to the arsenopyrite temperatures. Applying sphalerite–pyrite–pyrrhotite geobarometry to sphalerite with FeS contents from 13. 6 to 12. 5 mol%, the pressure was estimated to be in a range from 5. 9 to 7. 0 kb at the stage of elevated temperatures.
Mineralogical observations, especially absence of pyrrhotite in the quartz veins, together with microprobe data for gold and associated minerals suggest that the fluids having ascended through fissures in the Ashanti deposit were reduced by the reaction with carbonaceous materials in the metasediments during the declining stage of the regional metamorphism.  相似文献   

利用自生矿物探讨济阳坳陷新生代古地温     

丁丽荣  周丽  徐佑德 《海洋地质译丛》2008,(1):26-30

济阳坳陷是胜利油田重要的勘探区域,确定其古地温对研究坳陷的生烃史和油气成藏史具有重要的意义。综合应用自生伊利石结晶度和自生绿泥石化学成分,得出济阳坳陷新生代古地温梯度为37.2～38.2℃/km。同时,也证明了利用自生伊利石结晶度和自生绿泥石化学成分计算古地温是一种快速并行之有效的方法。  相似文献   

Pre-orogenic upper crustal softening by lower greenschist facies metamorphic reactions in granites of the central Pyrenees     

Laura Airaghi  Nicolas Bellahsen  Benoît Dubacq  David Chew  Claudio Rosenberg  Emilie Janots  Maxime Waldner  Valérie Magnin 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2020,38(2):183-204

Pre-kinematic greenschist facies metamorphism is often observed in granites and basement units of mountain belts, but rarely dated and accounted for in orogenic cycle reconstructions. Studying pre-kinematic alteration is challenging because of its usual obliteration by subsequent syn-kinematic metamorphism often occurring at conditions typical of the brittle–ductile transition. It is, however, to be expected that pre-kinematic alteration has major implications for the rheology of the upper crust. In the 305 Ma-old Variscan basement of the Bielsa massif (located in the Axial Zone of the Pyrenees), successive fluid–rock interaction events are recorded in granites below 350°C. Combined microstructural and petrographic analysis, low-T thermobarometry and in situ U–Th/Pb dating of anatase, titanite and monazite show extensive pre-orogenic (pre-Alpine) and pre-kinematic alteration related to feldspar sericitization and chloritization of biotite and amphibole at temperatures of 270–350°C at 230–300 Ma. This event is followed by a second fluid–rock interaction stage marked by new crystallization of phyllosilicates at 200–280°C and is associated with the formation of mylonitic shear zones and fractures parallel to the shear planes. U–Pb anatase and monazite ages as well as the microtextural relationships of accessory minerals suggest an age for this event at 40–70 Ma, consistent with independent regional geology constraints. The Variscan basement was therefore softened at late to post-Variscan time, at least 150–200 Ma before the main Alpine shortening while Alpine-age compression (c. 35–50 Ma) leads to the formation of a dense net of mylonites. The associated deformation, both distributed at the scale of the Bielsa massif and localized at decametric scale in mylonitic corridors, precedes the strain localization along the major thrusts of the Axial Zone. The Bielsa massif is a good example where inherited, pre-orogenic upper crustal softening controls the deformation patterns in granitic basement units through low-grade metamorphic reactions.  相似文献   

Fluid–rock interaction at the roots of an Eopaleozoic epithermal system, Sierra Norte de Córdoba, Argentina: Paragenesis, thermometry and fluid sources     

R. Lira  M.F. Poklepovic  M.J. Dorais  H.A. Millone  G.M. Gomez 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2009,28(3):263-276

A deep epithermal vein system hosted in Late Proterozoic to Cambrian granodiorite has been identified in the Sierra Norte de Córdoba, the easternmost range of the Sierras Pampeanas Orientales of Argentina. The vein swarm extends over an area of 3 km² parallel to a mylonitic belt and formed in fractured granodiorite. Thicknesses of veins are less than 0.5 m and their visible strike length is less than 100 m. Veins are either barren or weakly mineralized in base-metal sulfides. Most veins have mineral associations dominated by calcite and quartz with lesser amounts of chlorite, sericite, pyrite, and minor illite. In other less exposed albite-rich, adularia-bearing veins, chalcopyrite, bornite, galena, sphalerite, chalcocite and covellite may occur. The widespread occurrence of bladed calcite without any petrographic or microthermometric evidence of boiling implies that this particular habit of calcite may also develop under sub-near boiling fluid conditions. Thermometric calculations based on fluid inclusion data, chlorite composition and oxygen isotopes in the quartz–calcite pair, constrain the formation of the system between 300 and 350 °C, at pressures between 42 and 64 MPa (1.5–2.3 km). Stable isotope data suggest that W/R interaction might have been the most probable mechanism of alteration, involving the participation of meteoric fluids; nevertheless, the metallic signature of some weakly mineralized veins as well as intermediate fluid inclusion salinities favor a magmatic input and a mixed origin for the fluids. Textures and mineral associations, as well as the absence of evidence of boiling in fluid inclusions, all suggest that the silica–carbonate vein system formed deeper than typically shallow Au and Ag-bearing boiling solutions. A 485 (±25) Ma lamprophyre dike crosscuts some of these veins locally producing metasomatic reactions and skarn formation, which constrains the age of the hydrothermal system to the Cambrian-Early Ordovician time span.  相似文献