大牛地气田低电阻率-高声波时差气层的形成与分布   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈召佑  赵彦超 《地质科技情报》2009,28(3)

大牛地气田下石盒子组的盒2、3段具有3种类型的气层,即正常Ⅰ型气层（具有高电阻率和相对较低的声波时差）、Ⅱ型低电阻率-高声波时差气层和Ⅲ型低密度气层。其中前两类气层主要为高产气层。以岩心分析化验资料、常规测井资料、特殊测井资料结合其他地质研究资料,分析了Ⅱ型低电阻率-高声波时差气层的成因。研究结果表明,微裂缝和好的储层物性引起的泥浆侵入,储层微孔喉发育引起的束缚水饱和度增大以及绿泥石黏土矿物包壳等因素是形成这类气层的主要原因,其中微裂缝是主要成因。结合裂缝预测成果,进一步验证了这类气层在平面上的分布。  相似文献   

A new approach to develop the Raman carbonaceous material geothermometer for low‐grade metamorphism using peak width     

Yui Kouketsu  Tomoyuki Mizukami  Hiroshi Mori  Shunsuke Endo  Mutsuki Aoya  Hidetoshi Hara  Daisuke Nakamura  Simon Wallis 《Island Arc》2014,23(1):33-50

The Raman spectra of carbonaceous material (CM) from 19 metasediment samples collected from six widely separated areas of Southwest Japan and metamorphosed at temperatures from 165 to 655°C show systematic changes with metamorphic temperature that can be classified into four types: low‐grade CM (c. 150–280°C), medium‐grade CM (c. 280–400°C), high‐grade CM (c. 400–650°C), and well‐crystallized graphite (> c. 650°C). The Raman spectra of low‐grade CM exhibit features typical of amorphous carbon, in which several disordered bands (D‐band) appear in the first‐order region. In the Raman spectra of medium‐grade CM, the graphite band (G‐band) can be recognized and several abrupt changes occur in the trends for several band parameters. The observed changes indicate that CM starts to transform from amorphous carbon to crystallized graphite at around 280°C, and this transformation continues until 400°C. The G‐band becomes the most prominent peak at high‐grade CM suggesting that the CM structure is close to that of well‐crystallized graphite. In the highest temperature sample of 655°C, the Raman spectra of CM show a strong G‐band with almost no recognizable D‐band, implying the CM grain is well‐crystallized graphite. In the Raman spectra of low‐ to medium‐grade CM, comparisons of several band parameters with the known metamorphic temperature show inverse correlations between metamorphic temperature and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the D1‐ and D2‐bands. These correlations are calibrated as new Raman CM geothermometers, applicable in the range of c. 150–400°C. Details of the methodology for peak decomposition of Raman spectra from the low to medium temperature range are also discussed with the aim of establishing a robust and user‐friendly geothermometer.  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb and biotite 40Ar/39Ar geochronology from the Anzan emerald deposit in Zambia     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

The Kafubu Emerald Area in Zambia is an important producer of gemstone-quality emeralds. The country rocks include carbonatization altered rock and emerald-hosting biotite chlorite schist from the Anzan emerald deposit in the Kafubu area, Zambia. The technique of LA-MC-ICP-MS is used to perform chronology measurements of the country rock and emerald-hosting rock which belong to Muva Supergroup, yielding zircon U-Pb concordia ages of 1966 ± 12 Ma in carbonatization altered rock and 1853 ± 58 Ma and 1344 ± 30 Ma in biotite chlorite schist. Meanwhile, dating of biotite chlorite schist using the biotite ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar method has obtained the plateau age of t = 578.3 ± 2.6 Ma, isochron age of 577.5 ± 3.0 Ma and reverse isochron age of 577.4 ± 3.0 Ma. Thus, we have redefined the age of Muva Supergroup in the Copperbelt Province in Zambia to be older than or equal to 1966 ± 12 Ma, and found that the ore bodies in the Anzan emerald deposit underwent three phases of metamorphism at 1853 ± 58 Ma, 1344 Ma ± 30 and 578.3 ± 2.6 Ma and finally accomplished the emerald mineralization. The age of the Anzan emerald deposit is earlier than the Kagem (452.1 ± 16 Ma) and the Kamakanga emerald deposits (447 ± 8.6 Ma).  相似文献   

江西乐安居隆庵铀矿床绿泥石特征及地质意义     

李海东  潘家永  刘文泉  江卫兵  李俊  梁园园  谢强  鲁彦 《岩石矿物学杂志》2017,36(4):535-548

位于相山铀矿田西部的居隆庵铀矿床绿泥石化十分强烈,本文在对钻孔岩心样详细的野外和室内岩相学观测基础上,利用电子探针技术研究了绿泥石的产出状态及共生组合关系,并测定了其化学成分,探讨了该矿床绿泥石地球化学特征及其与铀矿成矿的关系。研究表明:①该矿床存在黑云母蚀变形成的绿泥石、长石蚀变形成的绿泥石、脉状绿泥石和与铀矿密切共生的绿泥石共4种类型绿泥石;②该矿床以蠕绿泥石和铁镁绿泥石为主,个别为鲕绿泥石,其形成温度介于190.5~269.9℃之间,平均为224.5℃,属于中低温条件;③该矿床绿泥石形成于还原环境,形成机制分为溶解-沉淀机制和溶解-迁移-沉淀机制两种;④绿泥石化过程改变了围岩的物理化学性质,改变了铀在岩石中的赋存状态并促使铀的预富集。  相似文献   

不同埋深地温探头的观测效应及异常机制的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚宝树 《华北地震科学》2004,22(2):23-26

就昌平站2个不同埋深地温探头对2002年10月20内蒙ML5．8级地震和2002年12月25日河北宁晋ML4．3级地震的重复性滞后效应进行了研究,探讨了地震发生前后地温机制问题。地温是标量,从某些方面能反映地应力的变化,它是地应力变化的指示参量。地温前兆异常变化和地震的时、空、强有一定关系。深入研究其关系及其机制,对突破短临预报有促进作用。  相似文献   

榴辉岩中单斜辉石-石榴子石镁同位素地质温度计评述     

黄宏炜  杜瑾雪  柯珊 《岩石学报》2020,36(6):1705-1718

榴辉岩中单斜辉石和石榴子石之间显著的镁同位素平衡分馏,使其成为一种具有潜力的高精度地质温度计。为此本文选取文献中已报道的来自西南天山洋壳冷俯冲造山带、大别-苏鲁陆壳碰撞造山带和南非卡普瓦尔克拉通三种构造环境中的64对单斜辉石—石榴子石矿物对镁同位素数据利用δ~(26)Mg_(Cpx)-δ~(26)Mg_(Grt)图解筛选出50对达到镁同位素平衡分馏的数据,采用Huang et al.(2013)通过第一性原理计算和Wang et al.(2012)、Li et al.(2016)分别通过经验估计得出的镁同位素温度计计算榴辉岩的峰期温度并与前人研究结果进行对比。通过分析计算结果发现对于造山带榴辉岩,Huang et al.(2013)的温度计计算结果与前人通过传统温度计和相平衡模拟研究结果较一致,较好地重现了榴辉岩的峰期温度,而Wang et al.(2012)和Li et al.(2016)的温度计计算结果明显低于前人获得的峰期温度;对于克拉通榴辉岩,三种镁同位素温度计的计算结果与前人通过传统温度计获得的研究结果大多数相差在50℃以上,很可能是早期退变质过程中镁同位素在高温条件下再平衡导致的这表明三种镁同位素温度计均不适用于克拉通榴辉岩。同时,基于这些榴辉岩样品数据,本文利用经验估计的方法进行校准,得到了新的单斜辉石-石榴子石镁同位素公式△~(26)Mg_(Cpx-Grt)=1.11×10~6/[T(K)]~2(R~2=0.92)。此外,本文也对单斜辉石-石榴子石镁同位素地质温度计的应用前景及应用时应当注意的问题进行了简单的探讨。  相似文献   

青海尕林格矽卡岩铁多金属矿床Fe-Ti氧化物及其热动力学意义     

于淼  丰成友  刘洪川  李定武  王辉  刘建楠  赵一鸣  李大新 《地球学报》2016,37(2):204-214

尕林格大型矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床地处东昆仑祁漫塔格山与柴达木盆地结合部位靠近盆地一侧。本文主要针对尕林格矿床Ⅱ矿群内发现的热液性质的Fe-Ti氧化物共生组合(HYM)和新鲜镁铁质玄武安山岩中火成性质的Fe-Ti氧化物共生组合(IGM)的化学成分及其热动力学平衡进行了详细研究。镜下观察发现,HYM与镁铁尖晶石共生,钛铁矿呈叶片状平行于磁铁矿八面体的(111)面出溶,根据氧化反应的平衡公式计算得到出溶反应的平衡温度集中在581.8~688.9℃之间,氧逸度fO2介于10-14.74~10-17.94之间;IGM主要与岩浆中的镁铁质矿物相平衡,其出溶反应的平衡温度范围为690.7~740.3℃,氧逸度集中在10-15.44~10-17.30之间。计算结果表明,尕林格矽卡岩型铁矿的最初成矿温度可达700℃,接近于水饱和岩浆结晶时的温度,因此判断HYM形成于岩浆演化早期高温高盐度流体的最初冷却过程。由于早期高温高盐度流体与围岩地层中的镁铁质火山岩发生交代反应,淋滤出大量的Fe、Ti、Al、Mg、Cu等金属物质。在高温条件下,Ti和Al进入磁铁矿晶格,导致含钛磁铁矿在降温过程中经历了氧化出溶反应形成钛铁矿-磁铁矿共生组合。此外,由于热液受到镁铁质火山岩的缓冲作用,导致HYM和IGM各自平衡时的氧逸度很接近。  相似文献   

湖北金银山锑矿蚀变矿物红外光谱特征及找矿应用     

邱佳炜  刘新星  薛哲  张娟  成嘉伟  卢克轩  王猛  杨俊峰  王瑛雪 《岩石矿物学杂志》2024,43(3):776-786

鄂南锑矿地区是我国重要锑矿产地之一,研究区内发现过大量锑多金属矿床(点)。目前随着浅部锑矿资源被开发殆尽,以往对中深部的找矿勘查仍未有新的进展,因此急需寻找一套快速有效的勘查方法,对该地找矿模型与预测方面进行深入研究,以扩大资源量和找矿成果。本文以金银山锑多金属矿床作为研究对象,利用短波红外光谱技术(SWIR)对于金银山锑矿ZK3101、ZK2701钻孔岩心进行光谱扫描,厘定获得了金银山锑矿蚀变矿物种类、组合、波谱参数等信息,并划分出蚀变矿物分带,分析矿化与蚀变矿物分带之间的关系。金银山锑金矿主要蚀变矿物有云母类、绿泥石类、碳酸盐类等,其中绢云母化带与成矿关系密切。通过计算绢云母族矿物Al—OH光谱特征参数,发现矿化部位绢云母结晶度(IC值)与Al—OH 2200nm 特征峰吸收峰位值(Pos 2200)出现低值异常(IC＜2, Pos 2200＜2205 nm),可作为有效的示矿指标。认为应用短波红外光谱技术可以快速圈定锑金矿体,有效指导矿产勘查,降低找矿成本,提高勘查效率,实现找矿突破。  相似文献   

Chemographic analysis of assemblages involving pyrophyllite, chloritoid, chlorite, kaolinite, kyanite, quartz: application to metapelites in the Witwatersrand goldfields, South Africa     

T. ZHOU  C. DONG  G. N. PHILLIPS 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(5):655-666

The Witwatersrand goldfields contain abundant assemblages that include pyrophyllite, chloritoid, chlorite, kaolinite and/or kyanite, with quartz. A chemographic analysis of the system Fe(Mg)-Al-Si-O-H involving these minerals yields 22 potential phase diagrams. Using orientation criteria and thermodynamic calculations as further constraints, this list has been reduced to three possible diagrams. New thermodynamic data favour one of these in particular.
This chemographic analysis demonstrates that formation of chloritoid is not restricted to the breakdown reaction of kaolinite plus chlorite in the F(M)ASH system, as stated by previous studies, but could be from pyrophyllite + chlorite → chloritoid + quartz + H₂O.
The metamorphic temperature variation between Witwatersrand goldfields exceeded 65 C, based on chlorite and chloritoid compositions. The lower and upper pressure limits are constrained by the andalusite to kyanite, and the sudoite/chlorite to carpholite boundaries, i.e. 1.5–2.8, and 7 kbar, respectively. The widespread pyrophyllite, chlorite and Fe-chloritoid in all the Witwatersrand goldfields, and the local occurrence of sudoite indicate a consistent low-pressure environment in which Mg-chloritoid would not be stable.  相似文献   

榴辉岩中石榴子石—单斜辉石地质温度计     

傅斌  郑永飞 《矿物学报》1998,18(2):145-157

通过对大别山双河榴辉岩的实例研究,对石榴子石-单斜辉石地质温度计的应用性和计算方法进行了讨论。与其他地质温度计（如氧同位素温度计）相比较,结合动力学研究,有助于进一步深入了解石榴子石-单斜辉石温度计的应用。该温度计能够较为准确地反映榴辉岩的顶峰变质温度,并且使恢复岩石体系的冷却历史成为可能。  相似文献