侵入带对视电阻率的影响     

陈丽虹  李舟波 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1999,29(3):295-298

利用混合法研究了侵入带的三种模式——台阶型、斜坡型、具有低阻环带的侵入带对电位电极系视电阻率的影响。其目的, 一是确定常用的台阶型侵入带引入的误差, 二是研究细致地探测侵入带的方法。研究结果一方面表明了考虑过渡带和低阻环带可以提高测井解释的准确度,另一方面也为用多电极系电阻率测井探测侵入带提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Climato-limnological signals during the past 260 000 years in physical properties of bottom sediments from Lake Baikal     

Kenji Kashiwaya  Masayuki Ryugo  Masae Horii  Hideo Sakai  Toshio Nakamura  Takayoshi Kawai 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,21(2):143-150

The St.16 core obtained from the Academician Ridge of Lake Baikal in eastern Siberia may span about 260 000 years, and some physical properties of the core samples are closely related to aquatic paleoproductivity and climatic change. The median of grain size, grain density, and water content fluctuate synchronously. They also are connected with change in the abundance of biogenic silica (diatoms). The physical parameters indicate that there were high aquatic productivity periods around interglacial periods (MIS 5 and 7; 70 000-125 000 yr B.P. and 180 000-250 000 yr B.P.). Comparatively large clastics were transported from outside of the lake through various routes (ice rafting, etc.) in addition to fluvial routes during the glacials or 'stadials. There are ca. 20 000 yr, 40 000 yr and 100 000 yr periods in the variations of physical properties. These are related to the three Milankovitch parameters of solar insolation.  相似文献   

Late Quaternary climatic history of the Chilean Channels based on fossil pollen and beetle analyses,with an analysis of the modern vegetation and pollen rain     

Allan C. Ashworth  Vera Markgraf  Carolina Villagran 《第四纪科学杂志》1991,6(4):279-291

Fossil beetles and pollen were examined from an intermorainal bog at Puerto Edén, Isla Wellington, Chile (latitude 49°08'S, longitude 74°25'W). Wood from near the base of the section has an age of 12 960 ± 150 yr BP. Occurrence of flightless beetle species in the basal peat sample is evidence that some members of the biota survived the last glacial maximum in refugia. The assumption that the Chilean Channels were entirely ice-covered is incorrect. Plants and insects that invaded the deglaciated terrain were those of an Empetrum heathland in which patches of Nothofagus forest were restricted to sheltered locations. The climate supporting the heathland is inferred to have been windier and probably drier than that of the present day. From 13 000 yr BP to 9500 yr BP Nothofagus forest expanded, possibly in response to less windiness and more available moisture. Neither the fossil beetle nor pollen data support a return to significantly colder conditions between 11 000 and 10 000 yr BP at the time of the Younger Dryas Stade. From 9500 to 5500 yr BP the climate was as wet as that of the present day, based on an increased representation of the pollen of moorland plants and of aquatic beetle species. From 5500 to 3000 yr BP the climate was drier, as indicated by the expansion of Empetrum heath and the reduction in mesic habitats. From 3000 yr BP to the present-day mesic habitats dominated as the climate returned to a wetter mode. The alternatively wetter and drier episodes are attributed to latitudinal shifts in the position of storm tracks in the belt of Southern Westerlies.  相似文献   

首都圈及山西断陷带北部地壳垂直形变与地震危险性分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

韩月萍  杨国华  马庆尊 《华北地震科学》2003,21(3):8-13

根据首都圈地区及山西断陷带精密水准复测资料,分析了近十年来地壳垂直形变状态与特征。结果表明,研究区的东北区域表现为整体下降,下降速率约2～4mm／a;但“北升南降”的运动格局基本没有改变。太行山以西至山西断陷带的东侧地区为整体隆升。隆升速率最大近8mm／a。运动的时空分布从“南快北慢”整体上升的特征,逐步转变为“北升南降”的有升有降的特征。西区上述运动性质发生变化是以2001年为分界线,同时在延怀盆地及其附近区域形成了四象限分布的形变图像。但这一图像从规模和量级上都小于大同地震前的变形。山西断陷带北部的运动表现为断陷型的垂直运动,整体呈下降趋势,运动速率为4～6mm／a。上述特征表明监测区未来2～3年内发生6级以上地震的可能性不大。  相似文献   

泥河湾保护区地貌特征与地质灾害   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

牛平山  杨小荟  李铎 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(6):107-111

根据泥河湾保护区实地调查,黄土台地、黄土沟梁和河谷地貌是发育在“泥河湾层”及其覆地层上的主要地貌类型,其形态特征和形态测量反映了该区流水地貌的现代演化特征。伴随流水地质作用与地貌演化发生的水土流失、泥石流、崩塌和地面塌陷等地质灾害危及保护区的地层剖面。笔者认为该区域地质灾害是多种致灾因素造成的,其中的主导因素是气候、植被和人为因素,通过控制植被因素可以改变目前的地质环境状况。  相似文献   

Seismic Activity Around and Under Krakatau Volcano,Sunda Arc: Constraints to the Source Region of Island Arc Volcanics     

Špičák  A.  Hanuš  V.  Vaněk  J. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2002,46(3):545-565

There is general agreement that calc-alkaline volcanic rocks at convergent plate margins are genetically related to the process of subduction (Ringwood, 1974; Maaloe and Petersen, 1981; Hawkesworth et al., 1997). However, opinions on the mode and site of generation of primary magma for island arc volcanism differ substantially. The site of generation of calc-alkaline magma is thought to be either in the mantle wedge (Plank and Langmuir, 1988; McCulloch and Gamble, 1991) or in the subducting slab (White and Dupré, 1986; Defant and Drummond, 1990; Edwards et al., 1993; Ryan and Langmuir, 1993). We present seismological evidence in favour of the latter concept. A distinctive seismicity pattern around and under the Krakatau volcano was identified during systematic studies of the SE Asian convergent plate margins by means of global seismological data. A column-like cluster of events, probably associated with the dynamics of the volcano, is clearly separated from the events in the Wadati-Benioff zone. The accuracy of hypocentral determinations of the events of the cluster does not differ from the accuracy of the events belonging to the subducting slab. The depths of the cluster events vary from very shallow to about 100 km without any apparent discontinuity. On the other hand, there is a pronounced aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zone directly beneath the volcano at depths between 100-150 km. The Krakatau cluster connects this aseismic gap to the volcano at the surface. The pervasive occurrence of earthquakes in the continental wedge between the subducting slab and the Earth surface bears witness to the brittle character of the continental lithosphere and casts doubt on the existence of large-scale melting of mantle material. The aseismic gap (Hanu and Vank, 1985), interpreted by us as a partially melted domain occurring in subducted slabs in practically all active subduction zones that reach depths greater than 100 km, is here used as evidence for the location of the primary source region of island arc volcanics in the subducting plate.  相似文献   

高应力区破裂岩体回采巷道一次强化支护技术及其应用研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

朱建明  高谦  林新平 《工程地质学报》2002,10(4):400-403

基于对高应力区破裂岩体回采巷道支护 10多年的经验和教训 ,本文首次提出了相对于主次承载区协调作用关系的关键支护技术 ,即一次强化支护技术。该支护技术不仅强调了对于高应力区破裂岩巷道支护时间的及时性 ,支护强度一次到位 ,更重要的是区别于先让后抗、二次支护的指导思想 ;同时 ,一次强化支护技术还详细明确了支护类型、支护结构以及施工工艺。该支护技术在小官庄铁矿高应力区的应用成功 ,表明该支护关键技术是正确的。  相似文献   

21世纪矿业应向后工业发展势态倾斜--适者生存和可持续发展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

裴荣富 《地球科学》2002,27(1):72-80

“后工业”（post-industry)是知识经济或曰“新经济”的发展时代。这个时代的自然资源和一般劳动力资源,包括矿产资源在国民经济和社会发展中的基础地位逐渐为知识产权、市场网络、信息、创新环境等后天获得性资源,以及为创新人才的新“认知”（recognized intellect,RI)所代替。然而,据矿产资源分布及其成矿既具有一定的全球统一性又有区域的特殊性,以及不同国家（地区）对矿产资源勘查程度的不均衡性,特别是矿业活动与其他产业性质的不同,如何能按不同国家（地区）的具体发展状况,做好21世纪矿业向“后工业”发展势态的倾斜,达到适者生存和矿业可持续发展的目标是当代探讨的重大问题。在概括阐述了21世纪矿业发展势态、矿业活动特点及其自然属性的基础上,提出了矿业可持续发展的地质勘查和矿业活动决策支持系统的模拟,以及对当前紧缺铜矿资源可持续发展的新“认知”。  相似文献   

是地层单元还是构造单元？   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

王仁民  倪志耀童　英 《中国地质》2002,29(3):281-285

古大陆边缘变质地质体性质的确定对于探讨大地构造演化具有十分重要的意义。由于后期变形变质作用的影响,原先不同的构造单元往往被改造成看似完整的一套地层单元,但在同位素年龄、变质程度、岩浆活动与地层的专属组合及其空间延伸等方面则变化很大,这在华北古陆北缘的单塔子群和南缘的太华群中最为典型。因此,笔者建议用“构造－岩相杂岩体带”填图法来取代以地层为骨架的变质岩区地质制图,这有助于确定该地区的大地构造演化进程。  相似文献   

新疆卡瓦布拉克大型剪切带及成矿有利地段   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

于海峰  修群业  李铨 《新疆地质》2002,20(4):364-366

在东天山“中天山结晶轴”南部的卡瓦布拉克－星星峡一带,存在一条长达500km以上的大型韧性剪切带。该带中发育有变形花岗闪长岩、蛇纹石化超基性岩、辉长岩侵入体、硅质岩和砾岩,说明在中天山前寒武纪地块与塔里木基底之间存在一条构造混杂岩带,韧性剪切带叠加在在构造混杂岩带上。该韧性剪切带宏观几何分布、次级构造组合、叠加变形特征均与康古尔塔格韧性剪切带极为相似。其中大洼地东部、沙垅铁矿南部和双峰山地区是金、铅、锌、铜成矿的有利区段。  相似文献