四川某水库大坝左坝肩边坡变形破坏机制及整治对策探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王士天 《地质灾害与环境保护》1999,10(3):1-5

以现场考察和变形监测资料为依据,探讨一个下部有软弱基底,上部为硬脆性坡体的“二元结构”边坡的变形破坏问题,揭示这类边坡的变形总是以下部软弱岩体的不均匀压缩流变为先导,进而引起上部硬脆性坡体的拉裂与倾倒,最终通过渗入水的作用,使下部承载状况已进一步恶化了的软弱岩体,沿剪应力集中带发生剪切破坏而导致整个变形坡体的下滑。  相似文献   

冀西北地区中侏罗世玄武岩的首次发现及其地质意义     

白春东  许凡  李泽阳  孟家葆  朱本鸿 《地质论评》2024,70(3):1127-1138

笔者等在张家口市宣化区—涿鹿县一带中—上侏罗统髫髻山组底部首次发现玄武岩组合,其时代归属、地球化学性质及地质意义需要开展研究。本文对玄武岩开展地质学、岩石学、地球化学和同位素年代学研究。玄武岩SiO2含量为39. 49%～49. 74%,Mg#为28～65,里特曼指数σ主要为2. 61～33. 12。玄武岩获得LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb年龄为164. 3±2. 6 Ma,时代为中侏罗世,代表髫髻山组底界年龄。玄武岩属于碱性玄武岩系列,与上覆粗面岩构成双峰式火山岩组合,表明髫髻山组早期火山岩形成于大陆板内拉张环境。该套玄武岩是髫髻山组中性火山岩的玄武质岩浆底侵作用的地质学、岩石学和大地构造学证据。  相似文献   

The youngest lobe-dominated radio sources     

I. Owsianik  J. E. Conway  A. G. Polatidis   《New Astronomy Reviews》1999,43(8-10)

We present an analysis of multi-epoch global VLBI observations of the Compact Symmetric Objects: 2352+495 and 0710+439 at 5 GHz. Analysis of data spread over almost two decades shows strong evidence for an increase in separation of the outer components of both sources at a rate of 0.2h⁻¹c (for q=0.5 and H=100h km s⁻¹Mpc⁻¹). Dividing the overall sizes of the sources by their separation rates implies that these Compact Symmetric Objects have a kinematic age 10⁴ years. These results (and those for other CSOs) strongly argue that CSOs are indeed very young sources that probably evolve into much larger classical doubles.  相似文献   

大姚铜矿紫色砂岩的压拉变形特性试验研究     

谢强  余贤斌  张永兴  纳裕康 《岩土力学》2007,28(10):2155-2160

介绍了一种可对同一岩石试样分别进行单轴压缩和单轴拉伸实验的试验装置,该装置改变了因岩样不同而导致的压拉试验结果无法进行直接对比分析的现状,为岩石从受压转向受拉或从受拉转向受压的过渡特性的试验研究提供了可能。以云南大姚铜矿紫色砂岩为例,研究了其在压拉试验条件下的变形特性。结果表明：该种岩石从压缩到拉伸阶段弹模变化不大,但压缩泊松比与拉伸泊松比的变化较为复杂。试验同时证明该类岩石的压缩与拉伸并不是截然不同的两种过程,单轴压缩试验的卸载曲线与直接拉伸试验的加载曲线具有很好的连续性。  相似文献   

On the stability of compact supermassive objects     

L. Verozub  A. Kochetov 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2001,322(3):143-152

Proceeded from the gravitation equations proposed by one of authors it was argued in a previous paper that there can exist supermassive compact configurations of degenerated Fermi‐gas without events horizon. In the present paper we consider the stability of these objects by a method like the one used in the theory of stellar structure. It is shown that the configurations are stable.  相似文献   

Soil macroporosity and infiltration characteristics of a forest podzol     

J. M. Buttle  D. J. McDonald 《水文研究》2000,14(5):831-848

Spatial distribution of soil macroporosity was determined for a forest podzol from tension infiltrometer measurements at the soil surface. Surface‐derived macroporosity values were compared with point infiltration characteristics obtained from soil water content and soil water chemistry measurements during an experimental irrigation, and with parameters of a kinematic wave model applied to soil water content data. Macroporosity estimated by the tension infiltrometer ranged from 0·00087 to 0·0219% of soil volume, and infiltration at these two sites was dominated by propagation of a well‐defined wetting front through the soil profile and bypass flow via soil macropores, respectively. Infiltration at sites with intermediate macroporosities reflected a combination of these two processes, although results were inconclusive at one site owing to lateral flow at the base of the soil profile. There was no agreement between macroporosities estimated by the tension infiltrometer and the kinematic wave model. The maximum soil conductance parameter within the profile at a site, however, was related directly to the surface‐derived macroporosity. The partial agreement between surface‐derived macroporosity estimates and point infiltration characteristics shown here supports the use of tension infiltrometry as a rapid, non‐destructive method of assessing spatial variations in the relative contribution of macropore flow to the infiltration process. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

FIELD ESTIMATION OF MACROPORE FUNCTIONING AND SURFACE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY IN A FEN PEAT     

ANDREW J. BAIRD 《水文研究》1997,11(3):287-295

A limitation of existing models of water and solute movement in fen peats is that they fail to represent processes in the unsaturated zone. This limitation is largely due to a lack of data on the hydraulic properties of unsaturated peat, in particular the relationship between hydraulic conductivity (K) and pressure head (ψ). A tension infiltrometer was used to measure K(ψ) of a fen peat in Somerset, England. It was found that macropores could be important in water and solute movement in this soil type. It was also found that (i) variability of K in this peat was less than that reported for other peats and mineral soils, and (ii) the K data were better described by a log-normal distribution than a normal distribution in accord with findings from other peat and mineral soils. Recommendations on improving the understanding of water and solute movement in the unsaturated zone of this soil type are made. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

畸形波作用下锚泊方柱系泊张力特性研究     

潘文博  崔成  何萌  曾繁旭  梁晨  张宁川 《海洋学报》2020,42(9):87-99

基于物理模型试验,探究畸形波和不规则波作用下浮体系泊张力差异问题。讨论相对波高、相对周期和畸形波参数α₁对系泊张力的影响。结果显示:畸形波参数α₁和浮体系泊张力显著相关。在α₁=2.0～2.83范围内,畸形波作用下迎浪侧系泊张力最大值可达不规则波作用的1.9倍。在相对波高H_s/d=0.032～0.097范围内,畸形波作用下迎浪侧系泊张力最大值显著大于不规则波的作用结果,但畸形波和不规则波对应的1/3值及平均值几乎一致。就相对周期影响而言,迎浪侧系泊张力最大差别出现在谱峰周期T_p0p范围内。频域方面采用小波分析方法讨论畸形波和不规则波作用下浮体系泊张力时频谱特征,两种波浪作用下系泊张力时频特征有显著差别。  相似文献   

一种新型Semi-Spar式海上风机平台系泊系统优化分析          下载免费PDF全文

李秋辰  陈兵  刘雅楠 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(4):85-90

参考英国的Kincardine风机采用的新式的Semi-Spar概念,结合spar式基础和半潜式基础的特点,提出了一种新式海上浮式风机平台模型,并基于三维势流理论,利用AQWA软件进行水动力计算,验证新式平台可靠性。分析了在风、浪、流荷载联合作用下,锚链竖向夹角、系缆数量对风机浮式平台运动性能和系泊张力的影响,对系泊系统进行优化,并验证极端工况下的可靠性。结果证明风机平台水平运动和纵摇运动幅值较小,但垂荡幅值略大,而通过减小锚链竖向夹角可以控制平台运动响应幅值,增加系缆数量可以同时减小系泊张力大小。计算结果证明了新型Semi-Spar式海上风机平台可行性,为浮式风机平台及系泊系统的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

考虑内流作用的缓波形立管非线性静动力分析     

刘震  郭海燕  牛建杰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,(5):101-107

考虑内流的作用,研究缓波形立管在海洋环境荷载作用下的非线性静动力力学性能。采用细长柔性杆理论,建立缓波形立管运动方程,利用有限元法进行离散,运用Newton-Raphson法和Newmark-β法分别对立管进行静动力分析,编制缓波形立管计算分析程序LWRNM,研究缓波形立管在海流、内流、浮体漂移与运动作用下的结构响应。结果表明:随着海流从x负向变成x正向和流速的增大,缓波形立管线形变缓,有效张力增大,弯曲曲率的极值减小;随着内流流速的增加,缓波形立管的固有频率下降;随着顶部浮体从近端向远端漂移,缓波形立管的有效张力增大,弯曲曲率的极值减小;纵荡和垂荡作用下,缓波形立管的顶部有效张力变化周期与浮体激励周期相同,横荡作用下,顶部有效张力变化周期为浮体激励周期的二分之一,垂荡作用下,缓波形立管顶部有效张力变化幅值最大,纵荡作用下次之,横荡作用下最小。  相似文献