Far field effects of Alpine plate tectonism in the Iberian microplate recorded by fault-related denudation in the Spanish Central System     

C. H. de Bruijne  P. A. M. Andriessen 《Tectonophysics》2002,349(1-4)

Apatite fission track analysis was performed on 56 samples from central Spain to unravel the far field effects of the Alpine plate tectonic history of Iberia. The modelled thermal histories reveal complex cooling in the Cenozoic, indicative of intermittent denudation. Accelerated cooling events occurred across the Spanish Central System (SCS) from the Middle Eocene to Recent. These accelerated cooling events resulted in up to 2.8±0.9 km of denudation in the western Sierra de Gredos and 3.6±1.0 km in the central and eastern Gredos (assuming a paleogeothermal gradient of 28±5 °C and a surface temperature of 10 °C). The greatest amount of denudation (5.0±1.6 km) occurred in the Sierra de Guadarrama. Accompanying rock uplift was 4.7±1.0 and 5.9±1.6 km in the eastern Gredos and Guadarrama, respectively. Most denudation in the Gredos occurred from the Middle Eocene to the Early Miocene and can be related to the N–S stress field, induced by the Pyrenean compression. In the Guadarrama, the greatest denudation was Pliocene to Recent of age and seems related to the ongoing NW–SE Betic compression. The fact that the formation of the E–W trending Gredos coincides with the N–S Pyrenean compression and the creation of the present day morphology of the NE–SW trending Guadarrama with the younger NW–SE Betic compression, indicates that they record the far field effects of Alpine plate tectonics on Iberia. The trend of pre-existing lineaments was of major importance in influencing the style and magnitude of these of far field effects.  相似文献   

半无限空间中圆形孔洞周围SH波的散射   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14  

林宏  刘殿魁 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(2):9-16

建立了求解在含有圆形孔洞的弹性半空间中SH波散射与圆形孔洞附近动应力集中问题的解析方法。利用SH波散射的对称性和多极坐标的方法，构造了一个可以预先满足半空间自由表面上应力自由边界条件的圆形孔洞对SH波散射的波函数。利用这一波函数，则可将该问题转化成对一个圆形孔洞散射的求解问题。该问题的解答最终又可归结为对一组无究代数方程组的求解问题，并可利用截断有限项的方法对其进行计算，最后给出了有关圆形也洞附近动应力集中问题的算例和数值结果，并讨论了波数与圆孔至自由边界距离变化对动应力集中的影响。  相似文献   

Validation through HVSR measurements of a method for the quick detection of site amplification effects from intensity data: an application to a seismic area in Northern Italy     

Vera D'Amico  Marco Mucciarelli   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(6)

An instrumental validation is attempted of an innovative approach devoted to the quick individuation, from macroseismic data, of site amplification phenomena able to significantly modify seismic hazard levels expected on the basis of average propagation effects only. According to this methodology, two evaluations of hazard are performed at each investigated locality: the former, obtained by epicentral intensity data ‘reduced’ at the site through a probabilistic attenuation function and, the latter, computed by integrating such data with seismic effects actually observed at the site during past earthquakes. The comparison, for each locality, between these two hazard estimates allow to orientate the identification of those sites where local amplifications of earthquake ground motion could be significant. In order to check such methodology, indications obtained in this way from macroseismic data are compared with the estimates of transfer functions performed through the HVSR technique applied to microtremors. Results concerning municipalities located in a seismic area of Northern Italy indicate a good agreement between macroseismic and instrumental estimates.  相似文献   

香港海域叶绿素-a浓度的时空分布规律   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

陈晓玲  李毓湘  李志林 《地理学报》2002,57(4):422-428

选取香港海域7个水环境控制区在1988－1999年期间每月或每半月定位边疆聚样的37个水质测站，每个测站选用17个水质参数，研究香港海域海岸带水体叶绿素－a浓度及其相关因子的时空分布规律。对37个测站17个参数作聚类分析，结果表明，香港海域东部由半封闭海湾组成的水域控制区，其赤潮发生频率较高；西部水域属于河口环境。多变量分析结果表明，BOD5对叶绿素－a浓度普遍存在显著性影响，氮和光照条件在东部地叶绿素－a浓度的影响比西部海域更显著，而磷以及包括盐度，温度，溶解氧和pH在内的海洋物理化学条件在西部海域有更显著的影响。在整个香港海域，年内平均最高叶绿素－a浓度主要出现在冬末春初和夏末秋初，东部海域的年平均叶绿素－a浓度一般高于西部海域。香港海域的叶绿素－a浓度普遍存在一个8－10年的周期性变化规律。  相似文献   

近20年来我国区域发展政策及其效果的对比研究   总被引：17，自引：5，他引：17  

郭腾云  陆大道  甘国辉 《地理研究》2002,21(4):504-510

在对近 2 0年来我国区域发展政策进行简要回顾的基础上 ,文中利用计量经济学模型方法和有关统计数据 ,对我国对外开放这一区域发展政策对东部沿海地区和中西部地区的经济发展作用进行了定量研究 ,首次从量的方面探讨了对外开放政策对东部和中西部地区经济发展的作用效果及其差异。通过计量经济模型模拟计算 ,2 0世纪 80年代初至 1 999年对外开放政策对我国东部沿海地区GDP的直接作用率达到 2 1 39% ,使其相应的GDP年增长速度由9 1 %提高到 1 0 2 4 % ,提高了 1 1 4个百分点。而对于我国中西部地区 ,由于对外开放较晚 ,对外开放政策的力度远不如东部沿海地区的大 ,从 90年代初期开始的沿江、沿边对外开放政策对我国中西部地区GDP的直接作用率为 4 2 4 % ,仅为前者的 2 0 %左右 ,使其相应的GDP年增长速度也仅由 8 96 %提高到 9 2 7% ,仅提高 0 31个百分点 ,两者的差距非常明显。  相似文献   

区域经济空间集中化的产业成因分析——兼析海南省经济空间集中化问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑锋 《热带地理》2002,22(4):304-308,314

经济空间集中化起因于产业经济活动在一定空间内聚集并形成大规模的专业化生产，它以区域城市为增长中心，与区域产业结构转变有着密切的关系。经济空间集中化过程大致可以划分为三个与区域产业结构转变有关的经济增长阶段：初级阶段——均衡低速增长；中级阶段——集中快速增长；高级阶段——稳定增长。  相似文献   

格罗夫山:我国新发现的一个陨石富集区   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘小汉  琚宜太 《极地研究》2002,14(4):243-247

中国南极考察队在1998—2000年两次对南极洲格罗夫山地区进来了考察,共回收32块陨石,根据陨石的分布位置和岩石化学类型的差异性,初步确定格罗夫山是我国新发现的一个陨石富集区,但是该区的陨石富集模式还有待于进一步研究。  相似文献   

Statistical characteristics of chlorophyll-a concentration in Hong Kong′s coastal waters     

CHEN Xiaoling  Yok Sheung Li  LI Zhilin 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(3)

In this paper seven of the ten Water Control Zones (WCZs) in Hong Kong′s coastal waters with monthly or bi-weekly sampling data of 17 parameters collected at 37 monitoring stations from 1988 to 1999 were selected to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of chlorophyll-a and its influencing factors. Cluster analysis was employed to group the monitoring stations based on the structure of the data set. Multiple step regression was employed to determine the significant influencing factors of chlorophyll-a level. The results suggest that all the monitoring stations could be grouped into two clusters. Cluster I with frequent red tide incidents comprises two WCZs which aresemi-enclosed bays. Cluster II with less red tide occurrence comprises the other five WCZs in an estuarine environment in the west. For both clusters, the organic contents indicator, BOD5, was a common significant influencing factor of the chlorophyll-a level. Nitrogen and light penetration condition related to turbidity, total volatile solids and suspended solids had more influence on the cholophyll-a level in Cluster I than in Cluster II, while phosphorus and oceanographic conditions associated with salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were more important in Cluster II than in Cluster 1. Generally, there was a higher average chlorophyll-a level in winter and autumn in a year.The chlorophyll-a level was much higher in Cluster I than in Cluster II among all seasons. Although the chlorophyll-a concentration had great variations from place to place in Hong Kong′s coastal waters, it seemed to have a common long term fluctuation period of 8-10 years with a high-low-high variation in the period in the whole region, which might be influenced by other factors of global scale.  相似文献   

The effect of scattering in surface wave tomography   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

Jesper Spetzler  Jeannot Trampert  Roel Snieder 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,149(3):755-767

  相似文献   

极地冰芯中记录的火山作用及其对气候的影响          下载免费PDF全文

闫明  汪大立  凌晓良  谭德军  李院生 《极地研究》2003,15(3):223-232

大多数火山喷发以强酸 (主要是硫酸 )的形式在极地冰芯中留下痕迹 ,通过冰芯连续电导率 (ECM)或各个雪冰样品SO42 - 浓度测定能够恢复历史上的火山作用。极地冰芯中已知年代的火山喷发还可用于冰芯定年。极地冰芯记录的火山信号大小依赖于火山喷发的规模和类型 ,火山喷发的地理位置和酸性气体组成 ,大气气溶胶传输 ,以及沉降地点的年积累率和沉积后生过程等。单个火山喷发通常会导致数月至数年的半球乃至全球范围的气候相对变冷 (这种现象在极区变得更明显 ) ,但过去大规模的爆炸性火山喷发对气候的影响及其与气候变化之间的联系仍有待于进一步研究  相似文献