南海相对高纬度珊瑚对海洋环境变化的响应和高分辨率记录   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈天然  余克服 《第四纪研究》2014,34(6)

分布于相对高纬度的亚热带珊瑚礁和珊瑚群落,与热带珊瑚礁一样具有重要的研究价值,但实际上对相对高纬度珊瑚的研究相对稀少.在我国南海,相对高纬度的珊瑚礁和群落主要分布于广西涠洲岛、广东大亚湾、香港、福建东山、台湾等海域.近年来,一些学者利用生物、生态、地质、地球化学等研究方法,围绕“珊瑚群落演变与全球变化的关系”、“珊瑚对环境变化的高分辨率记录”等领域,在相对高纬度海域开展了一些研究工作.本文首先简略介绍相对高纬度珊瑚的研究意义,然后着重综述南海相对高纬度珊瑚对海洋环境变化的响应和高分辨率记录,以期通过综述前人的研究成果,为接下来的研究提出新问题、开创新思路提供借鉴.  相似文献   

Exploring the effect of salinity changes on the levels of Hsp60 in the tropical coral Seriatopora caliendrum     

《Marine environmental research》2013

Osmotic stress represents a limiting physical parameter for marine organisms and especially for sessile scleractinian corals which are known to be basically stenohaline and osmoconformers. The salinity changes may cause important cellular damage since corals lack any developed physiological regulatory system. One mechanism of reaction to deleterious conditions is the rapid increase of the induction of heat shock proteins. This study highlights the modulation of the expression of a mitochondrial heat shock protein, such as the chaperonin Hsp60, in the animal tissues of the scleractinian coral Seriatopora caliendrum under three salinity scenarios (hypersalinity of 45 ppt, hyposalinity of 25 ppt and extreme hyposalinity of 15 ppt). The study was performed during the time course of a 2-day period and accompanied also by the assessment of the coral health condition. For each salinity stress S. caliendrum responds differently at the morphological and cellular levels, since the Hsp60 exhibited specific patterns of expression and the coral showed different tissue appearance. Furthermore, the response reflects the severity and exposure length of the disturbance. However, the results indicate that S. caliendrum seems able to tolerates high salinity better than low salinity. In particular, in extreme hyposalinity conditions, a considerable gradual down-regulation of Hsp60 was detected accompanied by necrosis and degradation of the coral tissues. The study suggests that Hsp60 may be involved in the mechanisms of cellular response to stress caused by exposure to adverse salinity.  相似文献   

扬子区奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚分类、生物地层与生物古地理新认识     

何心一  陈建强 《地学前缘》2006,13(6):145-152

对扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚已发表的属种进行全面清理和厘定。现统计扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚约有117个属,其中以晚奥陶世和早志留世珊瑚属数最多。117个属中至少有30个属最早出现在扬子区中、晚奥陶世和早志留世地层。因此,扬子区被认为是奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚起源中心之一。完善和修订扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚组合序列,使地层时代划分上均与国际通行标准(统、阶)接轨。尤其对扬子区早志留世Rhuddanian晚期,Aeronian早、晚期以及Telychian早、晚期四射珊瑚组合的重新建立和细分。最新资料表明晚奥陶世观音桥四射珊瑚动物群不但有更多的北欧同期的珊瑚分子,而且还产有北美标准属种Salvadorea,Brachyelasmasubregulare等说明两者也存在一定的联系。扬子区早志留世(Llandovery)的众多四射珊瑚属均为世界广布的,但也有许多地方性属(约有22个,占总数的23·4%)。就珊瑚生物古地理关系,它与同期的西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦和澳大利亚珊瑚群较密切。  相似文献   

Lower carboniferous (Dinantian) stratigraphy and structure in the Kingscourt Outlier,Ireland     

Peter Strogen  Ian D. Somerville  Neil A. H. Pickard  Gareth li. Jones 《Geological Journal》1995,30(1):1-23

Logging of 55 recent boreholes, together with remapping, has resulted in a fundamental reassessment of the stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Dinantian Kingscourt Outlier. Despite the present isolated position of the outlier within the Longford-Down Massif, the Kingscourt rocks are an integral part of the Dublin Basin succession. The newly defined Ardagh Platform marks the most northerly limit to basinal sedimentation in the Dinantian Dublin Basin. The Courceyan is a typical but thinner, north Dublin Basin succession with two new formal units: the Rockfield Sandstone Member and the Kilbride Formation. The latter, a coarse-grained, well washed limestone of latest Courceyan to early Chadian (late Tournaisian) age is the shallow water equivalent of the Feltrim Formation (Waulsortian facies), which is absent in the outlier. The Courceyan interval in the north of the outlier is markedly attenuated. In the succeeding Chadian-Brigantian interval basinal facies predominate in the south, but on the Ardagh Platform an almost complete coeval Viséan shallow water sequence is found. A new platform unit (Deer Park Formation) of latest Asbian to Brigantian age is defined in the Ardagh area. The Dee Member (Chadian) is newly defined for the lower part of the basinal Tober Colleen Formation and the Altmush Shale Member is formally defined for the upper part of the Loughshinny Formation. Two major structures dominate the Kingscourt Outlier: the NE-SW trending Moynalty Syncline in the south and the N-S trending Kingscourt Fault. Both are Hercynian structures, but probably represent reactivated Caledonide basement-controlled structures. Dinantian syn-depositional faulting is indicated in both the Courceyan (‘Kingscourt Sag’) and Chadian-Asbian. The latter period of faulting in the Ardagh area separates platform facies in the north from basinal facies to the south. In the late Asbian, platform facies with carbonate build-ups prograded south into the basin as far south as Nobber, but in the latest Asbian to Brigantian, basinal facies extended northwards over the collapsed platform margin.  相似文献   

上扬子区下志留统四射珊瑚组合带与层序地层序列的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈建强  何心一 《现代地质》1997,11(1):1-7

摘 要　 根据动物群演替和层序地层的研究‚厘定上扬子区下志留统 （Llandovery） 四射珊瑚 组合带序列：（1） 香树园组 Dinophyllum-Rhabdocyclus 组合带‚时限为 Aeronian 期;（2） 雷家 屯组下部 Stauria-Briantelasma 组合带; （3） 雷家屯组上部 Maikottia-Kodonophyllum 组合带‚ 它们对应于 Telychian 早期;（4） 宁强组 Gyalophylloides -Idiophyllum 组合带‚相当于 Telychian 晚期。上扬子区下志留统可以划分为5个三级层序‚四射珊瑚组合带分别位于三级层序的高 水位体系域内。  相似文献   

Numerical distribution of Santonian to Danian corals (Scleractinia,Octocorallia) of Southern Limburg,the Netherlands     

Leloux  Jacob 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1999,78(2):191-195

The stratigraphical occurrence of 35 known species from the Upper Cretaceous and Danian of Southern Limburg is presented based on existing collections and newly collected material. Corals are relatively rare, except in the Meerssen Member of the Maastricht Formation. Two faunas were recognised in the Meerssen Member: a fauna dominated by Cyclolites cancellata at the base of this member – which coincides with the sequence boundary of the third-order sequence cycle TA1.1 of Haq et al. (1988) – and a fauna dominated by mushroom-shaped and encrusting colonies at the top of the transgressive systems tract of the same sequence cycle.  相似文献   

On Evolutionary Sequence Systematics: Taking Permian Waagenophylloid Coral Fauna as an Example   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xu Guirong  Gong Shuyun  Wang Yongbiao 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1999,10(3):215-227

INTRoDUCTIONEvolutionarysequencesystematicsisadisciplineinpale-ontologyandbiology,themainpurposeofwhichistostudyphylogeneticsystemoforganisms.Twojobsareincludedinthediscipline:(l)tounderstandkinshipamongspeciesortaxa,and(2)toshowtheirevolutionarysequence.Hennig(1966)definedtheconceptofphylogeneticrelationshipasthat:ThespeciesBandCcamefromasameancestor,butthespeciesAdidnotcomefromtheancestor,Therefore,there-lationshipbetweenspeciesBandCiscloserthanspeciesA.Thisdefinitioncontainsonlythef…  相似文献   

湘中地区船山组四射珊瑚新属种   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张雄华  何心一 《现代地质》1990,4(1):35-45,T002,T003

湘中地区船山组含丰富的四射珊瑚化石,主要为地方性分子,其发展具有明显的阶段性:下部主要为单体双带型珊瑚及互嵌状复体珊瑚;中部以单体三带型珊瑚和Kepingophyllidae科的原始分子繁衍为特征;而在上部,Kepingophyllidae科的进化分子非常繁盛,并出现了一些早二叠世的分子,如Vesotabularia,Lonsdaleiastraea。这些阶段性的变化对揭示石炭纪和二叠纪四射珊瑚的演化具有重要意义。 笔者在船山组中上部建立了两个四射珊瑚组合,自下而上为:（1）Eokepingophyllum-Qinglongshanophyllum组合; （2）Kepingophyllum-Parawentzellophyllum组合。此外,描述1新属Paraivanovia及10新种。  相似文献   

中国珊瑚礁资源状况及其药用研究调查 Ⅲ.民间药用与药物研究状况   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邵长伦  傅秀梅  王长云  韩磊  刘新  方玉春  李国强  曾晓起  刘光兴  管华诗 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(4)

对中国珊瑚药用状况和研究现状进行了调查.结果表明,中国有造礁石珊瑚、柳珊瑚、软珊瑚等珊瑚物种 490 种,民间药用的仅有22种.目前,已经对100种南海软珊瑚和柳珊瑚进行了化学成分的研究.其中,软珊瑚以豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum,肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton,短指软珊瑚Sinularia,柔荑软珊瑚Nephthea和异花软珊瑚Xenia等属研究较多,柳珊瑚以小月柳珊瑚Menella,竹节柳珊瑚Isis和灯芯柳珊瑚Junceella等属研究较多.主要化合物结构类型包括二萜、甾体、倍半萜,含氮化合物等,其中部分化合物显示较强的抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗氧化、防生物附着等多种生物活性,具有潜在的药物开发应用价值.  相似文献   

Selective coral mortality associated with outbreaks of Acanthaster planci L. in Bootless Bay, Papua New Guinea     

M.S. Pratchett  T.J. Schenk  M. Baine  C. Syms  A.H. Baird 《Marine environmental research》2009,67(4-5):230-236

Population outbreaks of crown-of-thorns sea star (Acanthaster planci L.) remain one of the most significant biological disturbances on tropical coral reefs although the increasing attention given to other threats has greatly limited recent progress in understanding the cause and consequences of this phenomenon. In September 2005 dramatic increases in the abundance of A. planci were observed on reefs within Bootless Bay, Central Province, Papua New Guinea, where few crown-of-thorns have previously been reported. Densities of A. planci peaked at 162 sea stars per hectare and caused extensive coral mortality. This outbreak killed upwards of 55% of live corals, reducing overall coral cover from 42.4% in 2005 down to just 19.1% in March 2006. Declines in coral cover were largely driven by widespread mortality of Acropora spp. which dominated reef assemblages prior to the outbreak. The extensive depletion of Acropora spp. greatly altered the coral composition as well as the physical structure of reef habitats. In the absence of any other major disturbances these coral communities are likely to quickly recover, but this outbreak highlights the ongoing contribution of A. planci to degradation of coral reef environments.  相似文献