湖北秭归千将坪滑坡微破裂过程震动分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

景鹏旭  李丽 《地震工程学报》2017,39(5):951-956

基于湖北秭归千将坪岩质滑坡地形、地质、水文特征,运用GeoStudio软件中的QUAKEW模块建立滑坡震动分析模型。通过设置土层、岩层动弹性模量和泊松比,处理并加载卢家山台记录的四次破裂事件数据,并进行动力学分析,模拟千将坪滑坡的破裂蠕滑滑动过程。结果表明,千将坪滑坡不单受自身静力作用,还经历了微破裂-蠕滑-再破裂-蠕滑-滑动的微破裂动力过程,为岩质滑坡预警的可行性提出了新的探索思路。  相似文献   

A SUPER-DYNAMIC DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH LONG-TIME PARALLEL CONTINUOUS ACQUISITION          下载免费PDF全文

LI Shi-nian  QI Wen-bo  LIU Li-qiang 《地震地质》2019,41(6):1529-1538

In the simulation experiments of earthquakes in laboratory, the instability slip or rupture events are obtained through steady state loading to simulate earthquake processes. In the experiments, steady-state deformation and unstable sliding occur alternately. It is hard to determine the origin time and duration of the instability event of fault, and there may be many instability events in one experiment. Therefore, in order to ensure that sufficient data is obtained at the extremely short instability moment to analyze the mechanical process of the earthquake source, the data acquisition system is required to continuously collect data at high-speed from the beginning of the experiment until the end, and the lasting time can be more than ten hours, so it requires huge storage space. Although the upper frequency limit of the instability signal is unknown exactly, but the previous experiments have shown that the frequency of the signal will reach hundred to several kilohertz, so the sampling frequency of the data acquisition should be above megahertz. In this case of long-time continuous high-frequency data acquisition, it is still necessary to maintain a high signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, previous studies have proved that the source mechanics field has a complex spatial structure, which is difficult to describe with a few measuring points, and it is necessary to perform simultaneous measurements of the source mechanics field for dozens or more measuring points. The combination of long-term continuous recording, high-resolution high-frequency sampling and multi-point simultaneous measurement poses a huge challenge to the technical indicators of the observing system. With the method for composing distributed synchronous acquisition machine group by using multiple high-resolution high-frequency sampling computers, a super dynamic deformation measurement system of high signal-to-noise ratio, which features 64-channel, 16-bit resolution, 4MHz sampling frequency, and parallel continuous acquisition with tens of hours was developed. This system can realize the synchronous acquisition of various signals, such as strain, acoustic emission, electromagnetic waves and displacement, so it is convenient for analyzing the conversion relationship between various physical quantities.  相似文献   

THE GEOLOGICAL AND ROCK MECHANICAL DISTINCTION EVIDENCE BETWEEN STICK-SLIP AND CREEP IN HOST ROCK SEGMENTS OF FAULT          下载免费PDF全文

ZHOU Yong-sheng 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1266-1272

Paleo-seismic and fault activity are hard to distinguish in host rock areas compared with soft sedimentary segments of fault. However, fault frictional experiments could obtain the conditions of stable and unstable slide, as well as the microstructures of fault gouge, which offer some identification marks between stick-slip and creep of fault. We summarized geological and rock mechanical distinction evidence between stick-slip and creep in host rock segments of fault, and analyzed the physical mechanisms which controlled the behavior of stick-slip and creep. The chemical composition of fault gouge is most important to control stick-slip and creep. Gouge composed by weak minerals, such as clay mineral, has velocity weakening behavior, which causes stable slide of fault. Gouge with rock-forming minerals, such as calcite, quartz, feldspar, pyroxene, has stick-slip behavior under condition of focal depth. To the gouge with same chemical composition, the deformation mechanism controls the frictional slip. It is essential condition to stick slip for brittle fracture companied by dilatation, but creep is controlled by compaction and cataclasis as well as ductile shear with foliation and small fold. However, under fluid conditions, pressure solution which healed the fractures and caused strength recovery of fault, is the original reason of unstable slide, and also resulted in locking of fault with high pore pressure in core of fault zone. Contrast with that, rock-forming minerals altered to phyllosilicates in the gouges by fluid flow through degenerative reaction and hydrolysis reaction, which produced low friction fault and transformations to creep. The creep process progressively developed several wide shear zones including of R, Y, T, P shear plane that comprise gouge zones embedded into wide damage zones, which caused small earthquake distributed along wide fault zones with focal mechanism covered by normal fault, strike-slip fault and reverse fault. However, the stick-slip produced mirror-like slide surfaces with very narrow gouges along R shear plane and Y shear plane, which caused small earthquake distributed along narrow fault zones with single kind of focal mechanism.  相似文献   

波浪引起的海床失稳机理及有关孔隙水压力的讨论   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨琳  蒋学炼  李炎保 《海洋技术学报》2004,23(4):75-80

近年来在海洋工程中由于海床失稳和下沉而引起的工程事故时有发生,因此波浪、海床和建筑物的相互作用问题越来越引起工程界的关注。文章首先介绍了波浪引起的海床失稳的基本机理,同时,由于孔隙水压力在海床失稳中起着重要作用,因此又通过引用前人成果,讨论了波土参数对孔隙水压力的影响。  相似文献   

深水极端波浪非线性几何特征试验分析     

赫岩莉  毛鸿飞  吴光林  潘新祥 《海洋工程》2021,39(5):86-94

为了解极端波浪非线性特征,明确波群在演化过程中的水动力学特性,针对一系列高斯波群进行了深水物理试验分析。试验结果显示,增加波陡或波群宽度,均可使波面偏度Sk发生明显变化,尤其当波浪发生破碎后,在破碎区域内,波面偏度变化范围剧烈增大,说明该偏度极大值可能作为判断破碎的一个指标。波陡和波群宽度对波面不对称度影响程度不同:当波陡或波群宽度增加后,波峰不对称度所受影响最大,波峰前端波谷不对称度次之,波峰后端波谷不对称度所受影响最小,但仍不可忽略。在波浪演化过程中,幅值谱出现不同程度频带下移,波浪破碎后,会出现永久频带下移;当调制不稳定发生时,随着调制不稳定指数增加,频带下移量呈现快速增长趋势。  相似文献   

Seismic stability and the force reduction factor of code-designed one-storey asymmetric structures     

Mario De Stefano  Avigdor Rutenberg 《地震工程与结构动力学》1999,28(7):785-803

This paper evaluates the stability bounds of the force reduction factor R of unidirectionally loaded UBC designed asymmetric one-storey systems having different mass and stiffness distributions. It is shown that whereas the instability effects due to torsional response are neutralized by the asymmetry-related over strength, instability bounds may still be lower than the R-values prescribed by the code. Results of a limited study indicate that bidirectional ground motion tends to reduce further the safety margin against dynamic instability. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

浅析坝下游黄土-砂卵砾石二元结构岸坡失稳机理     

孟和  尚彦军  伊学涛  曹小红 《新疆地质》2021,(1):152-155

新疆伊犁河流域水库大坝下游岸坡常具黄土-砂卵砾石二元结构地层组合,成为水库渗漏潜在隐伏结构。随着伊犁河流域水利水电工程建设开发力度的加大,该地层组合中显现出的渗漏和岸坡稳定性等工程地质问题也逐渐增多,有必要对该方面进行研究和总结。本文以斯木塔斯水电站、巴喀勒克水库为例,对其坝下游岸坡稳定性开展运行期的地质调查,并结合研究区地质背景,基本查明研究区坝下游岸坡二元结构地层组合系控制水库渗漏的主要模式。局部在黄土层底部发育软弱结构面,成为控制坝下游岸坡稳定性的主要因素。  相似文献   

锚索预应力初期与长期损失的预测模型研究     

徐毅青  邓绍玉  葛琦 《岩土力学》2020,41(5):1663-1669

采用预应力锚索加固边坡是一种切实有效的方法。考虑锚索预应力变化与坡体蠕变之间的耦合效应,建立两种耦合模型并推导模型的本构方程和有效预应力的变化公式。基于实际锚固工程的预应力监测数据,采用反分析方法得到坡体的蠕变参数,划分预测阶段后采用相应的理论模型,通过理论计算值与实际监测值的对比分析,验证了分段预测模型的合理性和准确性。研究表明：在预应力预测的全周期采用单一的耦合模型,随着时间发展产生的偏差也随之增大;弹性模型与广义Kelvin模型并联（H-K模型）预应力曲线下降较快,适用于预测锚索锚固初期的预应力损失;弹性体上并联广义Kelvin（H-2K模型）能更好地拟合锚索预应力的长期变化。合理的分阶预测能够准确地评价锚索预应力的损失变化,为及时采取措施以保证边坡的稳定与安全提供科学依据。  相似文献   

基于临界稳定断面的隧道围岩稳定性分析方法探讨     

肖明清  徐晨 《岩土力学》2020,41(5):1690-1698

为定量评价隧道围岩的稳定性并指导支护设计,提出了隧道临界稳定断面的概念及基于临界稳定断面的隧道围岩稳定性分析方法,主要包括以下内容：（1）隧道临界稳定断面就是与设计开挖断面中心埋深相同、几何形状相似在无支护状态下围岩能够自稳的最大断面;（2）当设计开挖断面小于临界稳定断面时,临界稳定断面与设计开挖断面之间的围岩可以作为支护结构利用,且当其安全系数满足设计要求时,认为围岩能够长期自稳,除进行局部防护外,不需要系统支护,否则需要补充工程支护措施;（3）当设计开挖断面大于临界稳定断面时,需要进行工程支护;（4）提出了设计支护力的计算方法,即认为破坏区范围内的围岩为松散体,设计支护力 应能维持该松散体的稳定且具有一定的安全系数。通过该方法,对两种典型断面形式的铁路隧道的临界稳定断面进行了研究,并计算了不同围岩级别、不同埋深条件下围岩的自承载安全系数与所需的工程支护力。研究成果可以为隧道围岩稳定性的量化分析、支护设计等提供一种新的思路。  相似文献   

Subdecadal‐scale vegetation responses to a previously unknown late‐Allerød climate fluctuation and Younger Dryas cooling at Lake Meerfelder Maar (Germany)          下载免费PDF全文

Stefan Engels  Achim Brauer  Nico Buddelmeijer  Celia Martín‐Puertas  Oliver Rach  Dirk Sachse  Bas van Geel 《第四纪科学杂志》2016,31(7):741-752

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