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61.
若尔盖铀矿是我国四大基本类型铀矿田之一,矿层为灰岩、硅灰岩,圈团状纵向裂隙发育,长孔段失返性全漏失,泥浆性能难以维护,孔壁失稳,堵漏花费大量的人力、物力。为提高钻进效率,针对地层漏失机理,通过降低漏失压力实现平衡钻进,分别开展了空气泡沫、微泡沫泥浆以及空心微珠等低密度泥浆体系的研究和试验。实践表明,空心微珠低密度泥浆体系是一种适合若尔盖铀矿田漏失层钻进的泥浆体系。  相似文献   
62.
The character and importance of uncertainty in dam safety risk analysis drives how risk assessments are used in practice. The current interpretation of uncertainty is that, in addition to the aleatory risk which arises from presumed uncertainty in the world, it comprises the epistemic aspects of irresolution in a model or forecast, specifically model and parameter uncertainty. This is true in part but it is not all there is to uncertainty in risk analysis. The physics of hazards and of failure may be poorly understood, which goes beyond uncertainty in its conventional sense. There may be alternative scenarios of future conditions, for example non-stationarity in the environment, which cannot easily be forecast. There may also be deep uncertainties of the type associated with climate change. These are situations in which analysts do not know or do not agree on the system characterisation relating actions to consequences or on the probability distributions for key parameters. All of these facets are part of the uncertainty in risk analysis with which we must deal.  相似文献   
63.
城市地下供水管破损漏水检测,一般使用听音工具和设备来进行,这种需要漏水点传出声音的检测方式,效果往往并不理想。使用一种新的检测方法,无需利用声音,而是通过供水管漏水造成地层电性变化这一特征,使用小极距高密度电法查明管道漏水点位置。该检测方式不仅解决了常规方法难以查明的供水管漏水问题,而且拓展了小极距高密度电法的应用空间。  相似文献   
64.
张正雄 《探矿工程》2021,48(7):121-125
帷幕灌浆是坝基防渗处理的一种常用技术手段,而岩溶地区因其岩溶发育致使岩溶裂隙和通道纵横交错,且难以获取其规律性,灌浆过程中往往会出现注浆量偏高的现象。为了能够既有效控制帷幕灌浆成本,又确保帷幕灌浆施工质量,就需要采用科学、合理、可靠的施工技术措施和手段,对高注浆量的情况进行重点控制和改进。本文结合某水电站岩溶坝基帷幕灌浆中突出的高注浆量现象,通过有针对性地从技术措施和控制手段等方面的综合探索与应用,最终达到了坝基防渗的目的,并最大限度地节约了帷幕灌浆的时间,有效控制了高材料消耗所带来的高成本问题,为类似项目的帷幕灌浆积累了一定的经验。  相似文献   
65.
贾慧涛  刘杨  盛勇 《江苏地质》2021,45(3):335-340
堤坝是重要的水利工程,其安全性至关重要。坝体渗漏是常见的安全隐患之一,对坝体渗漏位置、程度以及坝体结构变化的探测一直是重要的物探课题。微动勘探作为一种新兴的物探手段,应用范围正逐步拓展,通过某水库大坝渗漏检测实例,展示频率-波数法微动线性点阵剖面测量进行大坝渗漏检测的效果,该技术通过提取频散曲线及视S波速度成像,刻画地层速度结构并圈定异常,可实现对大坝渗漏快速精确的无损探测,具有一定的方法优势和广泛的应用前景。  相似文献   
66.
四川岷江上游叠溪发育有一套厚度超过200 m、保存较为完整的湖相沉积,被定名为叠溪古堰塞湖相沉积,其形成于距今30 ka前,存活了约15 ka,因此记录了青藏高原东缘晚更新世—全新世(包括末次冰期)的重大地质与环境事件。现有研究初步揭示了古堰塞的沉积特征,但对叠溪古滑坡及古堰塞湖形成与演化的系统研究还十分不足。本文通过详细的野外调查,结合现代遥感测绘技术(无人机载LiDAR),构建叠溪古滑坡的三维地质模型,研究了其地质与地貌特征。同时,采用高密度电阻率法ERT,在滑坡体上布设2条长870 m和990 m的测线,探明了滑坡体内部结构特征。通过古堰塞湖相沉积露头和钻孔的调查,结合激光粒度测试,重建了古堰塞湖的范围、规模与沉积特征。在此基础上,通过对古湖相沉积坡面上多级阶地的分析,初步探讨了古堰塞湖的消亡及其对下游史前古聚落变迁的影响。研究结果表明,叠溪古滑坡不仅完全堵塞岷江而且还堵塞了对岸支沟,堆积体方量达到(1 400~2 000)×106 m3。古堰塞湖在滑坡坝后向上游延伸26 km,所形成的最大湖面覆盖面积约21.4 km2,库容蓄水量约1 670×106 m3。叠溪古滑坡-堰塞湖在岷江上游形成了陡峭的河道裂点(Knickpoint),对山区河道与地貌演化具有长期影响。  相似文献   
67.
Energy-intensive industries play an important role in low-carbon development, being particularly exposed to climate policies. Concern over possible carbon leakage in this sector poses a major challenge for designing effective carbon pricing instruments (CPI). Different methodologies for assessing carbon leakage exposure are currently used by different jurisdictions, each of them based on different approaches and indicators. This paper aims to analyse the extent to which the use of different methodologies leads to different results in terms of exposure to the risk of carbon leakage, using the Brazilian industry sector as a case study. Results indicate that carbon leakage exposure is an expected outcome of eventual CPI implementation in Brazilian industry. However, results vary according to the chosen methodology, so the definition of the criteria is paramount for assessing sectoral exposure to the risk of carbon leakage.

Key policy insights

  • Despite increasing discussion about the implementation of carbon pricing on the Brazilian industrial sector, the evaluation of carbon leakage risks is still neglected.

  • Assessments of the risk of carbon leakage are directly related to the indicators and criteria used by each methodology. Thus, a given subsector may present different levels of exposure to carbon leakage depending on the methodological choice.

  • More than a purely technical discussion, the methodological definition of carbon leakage risk is a political discussion – it can be well-conducted, leading to the success of a CPI, or even sabotaged, by implicitly subsidizing energy-intensive industries.

  相似文献   
68.
This study addresses the influence of landslide dams on surface water drainage and groundwater flow. In the study area of Scanno Lake and Sagittario River (Central Italy), a limestone rockslide‐avalanche formed a lake, which has an outlet that is occasionally active, showing infiltration into the rockslide dam. Several springs are present at the lake's base and are partly fed by seepage through the rockslide debris. Piezometric surveys, discharge measurements, pumping tests and chemical analyses are tools used to build a conceptual model of the groundwater flow and to evaluate the flow through the rockslide debris. Seasonal water isotopic signatures validate the assumed model, showing a mixing of infiltration recharge and groundwater seepage throughout the rockslide debris. Various recharge areas have been found for springs, pointing out those directly fed by the rockslide debris aquifer. Hypotheses about seasonal groundwater mixing between the regional carbonate aquifer and the rockslide debris aquifer are supported by isotope results. Seasonal changes in groundwater table level due to recharge and surface losses from seasonal outlet have been correlated with isotopic groundwater composition from the rockslide debris aquifer and the downstream springs; this relationship highlights the role of the rockslide dam body on the hydrodynamics of the studied area. Relationships between surface waters and groundwater in the area have been completely understood on the basis of water isotopic fingerprinting, finally obtaining a complete evaluation of groundwater renewable resources and its regimen. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
69.
Employing long‐range correlation, complexity features and clustering, this study investigated the influence of dam and lake‐river systems on the Yangtze River flow. The impact of the Gezhouba Dam and the lake systems on streamflow was evaluated by analysing daily streamflow records at the Cuntan, the Yichang and the Datong station. Results indicated no evident influence of the Gezhouba Dam on streamflow changes. Distinct differences in scaling behaviour, long‐range correlation and clustering of streamflow at the Datong station when compared with those at the Cuntan and Yichang stations undoubtedly showed the influence of water storage and the buffering effect of the lake systems between the Datong station and other two hydrological stations on streamflow in the lower Yangtze River basin. Decreased regularity, enhanced long‐range correlation and increased clustering of streamflow in the lower Yangtze River basin due to the effect of water storage of the lake systems were corroborated. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
70.
本文对我国大坝变形资料分析中常用的逐步回归分析进行了探讨,指出这种方法通常所选的因子数偏少,其原因来自自变量之间的复共线性的影响。为了克服复共线性对因子筛选的影响,文中对因子筛选提出了若干有益的建议。  相似文献   
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