Understanding of hydraulic properties from configurations of stochastically distributed fracture networks     

Mingyu Wang  P. H. S. W. Kulatilake 《水文研究》2008,22(8):1125-1135

A systematic investigation of the effect of configurations of stochastically distributed fracture networks on hydraulic behaviour for fractured rock masses could provide either quantitative or qualitative correlation between the structural configuration of the fracture network and its corresponding hydraulic behaviour, and enhance our understanding of appropriate application of groundwater flow and contaminant transport modelling in fractured rock masses. In this study, the effect of block sizes, intersection angles of fracture sets, standard deviations of fracture orientation, and fracture densities on directional block hydraulic conductivity and representative elementary volume is systematically investigated in two dimensions by implementing a numerical discrete fracture fluid flow model and incorporating stochastically distributed fracture configurations. It is shown from this investigation that the configuration of a stochastically distributed fracture network has a significant quantitative or qualitative effect on the hydraulic behaviour of fractured rock masses. Compared with the deterministic fracture configurations that have been extensively dealt with in a previous study, this investigation is expected to be more practical and adequate, since fracture geometry parameters are inherently stochastically distributed in the field. Moreover, the methodology and approach presented in this study may be generally applied to any fracture system in investigating the hydraulic behaviours from configurations of the fracture system while establishing a ‘bridge’ from the discrete fracture network flow modelling to equivalent continuum modelling in fractured rock masses. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Current and Thermohaline Characteristics of the Arabian Sea During January 1998     

CHEN Meixiang)  ZUO Juncheng)  LI Peiliang)  DU Ling)  and LI Lei)) Oceanography Department  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P. R. China ) Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster  Defence  Ministry of Education  Hohai University  Nanjing  P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):117-124

Based on a ship survey during January 1998, the characteristics of the flow, the thermohaline properties and the volume transport of the Arabian Sea are discussed. A strong westward flow exists between 10.5?N and 11?N, part of which turns to the south as the Somali current near the coast at about 10?N and the rest turns north. At the passage between the African continent and the So- cotra Island, the northern branch separates into two flows: the left one enters the passage and the right one flows eastward along the southern slope of the island. Off the island the flow separates once more, most of it meandering northeast and a small fraction flow- ing southeast. Volume transport calculation suggests that the tidal transport is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the total transport in this region and it becomes more important near the coast. The average velocity of the flow in the upper layer (0-150 m) is about 20 cm s-1, with a maximum of 53 cm s-1 appearing east of the Socotra Island, and the subsurface layer (200-800 m) has an aver- age velocity of 8.6 cm s-1; the velocity becomes smaller at greater depths. The depth of the seasonal thermocline is about 100 m, above which there is a layer with well mixed temperature and dissolved oxygen. High-salinity and oxygen-rich water appears near the surface of the northern Arabian Sea; a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at 100 m depth along 8?N testifies the subduction of surface water from the northern Arabian Sea. Waters from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf also influence the salinity of the area.  相似文献   

Strain fields and mechanical response of a highly to medium fissured bentonite clay     

C. Vitone  F. Cotecchia  G. Viggiani  S. A. Hall 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(11):1510-1534

This article presents the developments of an ongoing research aimed at modelling the influence of fissuring on the behaviour of clays. In particular, it recalls the main results of an extensive laboratory investigation on a fissured bentonite clay from the south of Italy and presents the data of a new investigation on the evolution with shearing of the strain fields developing within the clay, resulting from Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Element test results are analysed in the framework of continuum mechanics and linked to the clay fissuring features, once characterised using the Fissuring IDentity (F‐ID) chart. This article compares the bentonite behaviour with that of other fissured clays of different F‐IDs, highlighting the common behavioural features. Thereafter, the soil response at the macro level is related to the DIC‐derived strain fields evolving within the clay with loading. For this purpose, DIC was successfully used to investigate the deformation processes active in the fissured clay and the sources of the localisation phenomena. DIC is shown to provide indications of the extent to which highly to medium fissured clays element test results can be of use to model the clay behaviour according to continuum mechanics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

体视化关键技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田玲  诸昌钤  罗艳 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(1):50-54

体视化技术有着广泛的应用前景。对体视化的几种关键技术进行了分类综述，介绍了体数据的表示和分类，面绘制、体绘制和混合绘制各类典型算法的原理和特点。体数据的表示方式涉及到表示精度、存储量和处理时间之间的矛盾，要根据实际问题的具体特点和要求加以选择。体数据的分类是整个可视化算法中的一个关键步骤。只有对体数据进行准确的分类，才能经过处理得出合理的图像。近年来为加快绘制速度和提高图像质量提出了许多改进的体视化算法，并对部分改进算法进行了介绍。  相似文献   

温度对赤潮异弯藻生长速率及细胞体积和生化组成影响的研究     

王燕  宋洪军  李艳  李瑞香 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,45(1):41-46

在实验室条件下,研究了温度对赤潮异弯藻生长速率、细胞体积和生化组成的影响。结果表明,赤潮异弯藻在10~30℃之间均能正常生长,25℃时生长速率最高,25℃为其最适生长温度;赤潮异弯藻的细胞体积随着温度的升高大致呈逐渐减小的趋势,10℃时细胞体积最大(823.89μm3),25℃时细胞体积最小(387.98μm3)。进一步分析表明,赤潮异弯藻生长速率与细胞体积(对数值)呈显著的负相关关系(P0.05)。在10~25℃之间,赤潮异弯藻单个细胞的碳、氮含量随着温度的升高呈逐渐减少的趋势,其单位体积细胞的碳、氮含量却呈单峰变化(15℃时结果为峰值)现象;叶绿素a含量在单个细胞和单位体积细胞两个层次上随温度的变化趋势一致,即其在整个温度区间内随着温度的升高均呈逐渐增加的趋势。赤潮异弯藻细胞C∶Chl a和N∶Chl a随着温度的升高呈先减小后增加的趋势,均在10℃时最大,在25℃时最小。  相似文献   

灌注桩后注浆单桩竖向极限承载力研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘建茂  杨子民  王连力  康宪泉 《地质找矿论丛》2010,25(4):381-386

近年来,后注浆技术得到了广泛的应用。钻孔灌注桩可大大降低建筑物的沉降,并使建筑物的沉降更加均匀,文章介绍后注浆工艺的承载力提高机理及在天津地区的几个工程实例,分析了注浆前后单桩竖向极限承载力对比情况及影响单桩竖向极限承载力的几个因素。  相似文献   

基于不规则三角形网格和有限体积法的物理性流域水文模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王蕾  田富强  胡和平 《水科学进展》2010,21(6):733-741

传统的栅格离散方式不能很好反映流域水文过程的边界特征,且难以实现流域水文过程的多尺度模拟.采用有限体积法构建了基于不规则三角形网格的物理性水文模型,将物理性描述的偏微分方程组在控制体积内积分得到空间半离散的常微分方程组,保证数值求解中的水量平衡,并可与概念性描述部分水文过程(如截留、填洼等)的常微分方程组更好地耦合;建立了数值求解方案,采用Triangle对计算区域进行离散,并在沁河上游流域进行了验证,结果表明模型具有较高的模拟精度和良好的应用前景.  相似文献   

江苏松散沉积层地区地下水资源评价模型发展趋势          下载免费PDF全文

施春华  骆祖江 《江苏地质》2010,34(1):36-40

江苏松散沉积层厚度大、结构复杂、容易发生固结压缩,地下水可采资源量评价具有较大的不确定性,容易造成重复或缺失,地下水的过量开采又容易引发地面沉降地质灾害。针对以上问题,提出了地下水资源评价的地下水渗流三维数学模型及其地下水渗流与地面沉降耦合模型。地下水渗流三维数学模型可以将整个松散沉积层作为一个统一的水文地质体进行计算,对不同水力性质的含水层同时进行刻画描述,克服了以往二维或准三维模型将各含水层之间的粘性土层概化为越流层给评价结果带来的重复或缺失。地下水渗流与地面沉降耦合模型可以结合地面沉降环境控制,评价出地下水的可采资源量,尤其是以比奥固结理论为基础,考虑了土体的非线性特征及土的渗透性随应力状态的动态变化的全耦合模型,使评价结果更趋科学、合理。  相似文献   

加标回收在水质分析中的应用及回收率计算方法   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李义  禹海清  董建芳  梁志宏 《岩矿测试》2010,29(5):597-600

阐述了水质分析中加标回收分析的方法步骤、条件控制及计算方法。当加标体积影响试样在加标水样中的浓度时,直接使用回收率理论计算公式的计算值,均较其真实的回收率偏低,且其偏低值随加标体积的增加而增大。根据加标回收分析的定义,分别以加标前后被测组分质量浓度(mg/L)的变化或含量(μg)的变化为依据,导出两个计算加标回收率的实用公式。采用该公式,加标体积可以不受严格控制,其计算结果与真实的回收率一致,适用于日常水质分析工作。  相似文献   

相干体技术在煤矿断层及陷落柱精细解释中的应用     

蔺国华  杨文强  王清 《中国煤炭地质》2010,(11):60-63

根据相干体技术原理和主要参数选取原则,对五阳矿区进行了以断层和陷落柱为主要研究对象的解释工作。应用实例表明：相干体技术可有效解决本区断层断点较多、切割关系复杂、空间展布规律难以把握和常规解释误差较大等问题;同时,对不规则环状相邻陷落柱的边界及直径较小的陷落柱都有十分灵敏的反映,特别是对较大断层附近的微小构造也可作出较为可靠的解释。  相似文献