Spatial-temporal characteristics and decoupling effects of China’s carbon footprint based on multi-source data   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhang  Yongnian  Pan  Jinghu  Zhang  Yongjiao  Xu  Jing 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(3):327-349

In 2007, China surpassed the USA to become the largest carbon emitter in the world. China has promised a 60%–65% reduction in carbon emissions per unit GDP by 2030, compared to the baseline of 2005. Therefore, it is important to obtain accurate dynamic information on the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon emissions and carbon footprints to support formulating effective national carbon emission reduction policies. This study attempts to build a carbon emission panel data model that simulates carbon emissions in China from 2000–2013 using nighttime lighting data and carbon emission statistics data. By applying the Exploratory Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis(ESTDA) framework, this study conducted an analysis on the spatial patterns and dynamic spatial-temporal interactions of carbon footprints from 2001–2013. The improved Tapio decoupling model was adopted to investigate the levels of coupling or decoupling between the carbon emission load and economic growth in 336 prefecture-level units. The results show that, firstly, high accuracy was achieved by the model in simulating carbon emissions. Secondly, the total carbon footprints and carbon deficits across China increased with average annual growth rates of 4.82% and 5.72%, respectively. The overall carbon footprints and carbon deficits were larger in the North than that in the South. There were extremely significant spatial autocorrelation features in the carbon footprints of prefecture-level units. Thirdly, the relative lengths of the Local Indicators of Spatial Association(LISA) time paths were longer in the North than that in the South, and they increased from the coastal to the central and western regions. Lastly, the overall decoupling index was mainly a weak decoupling type, but the number of cities with this weak decoupling continued to decrease. The unsustainable development trend of China's economic growth and carbon emission load will continue for some time.  相似文献   

中国能源消费与经济增长的相互演进态势及驱动因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何则  杨宇  宋周莺  刘毅 《地理研究》2018,37(8):1528-1540

能源要素作为人—地关系系统的重要组成,其作用随着能源开发利用总量、能源利用结构与经济发展等随之演变。采用弹性脱钩指数和广义LMDI方法,研究了20世纪50年代以来中国能源消费与经济增长的动态关系以及能源消费增长的驱动因素。结果显示：① 中国能源消费总量与GDP增长都呈现指数型增长曲线,且两者的增长态势表现出高度的一致性,且煤炭和石油仍然是中国能源消费的主体。② 能源消费与经济增长之间的弹性脱钩状态表现出明显的阶段性特征,当前二者之间的关系整体表现为弱脱钩的相对乐观状态。③ 不同类型能源消费与经济增长的脱钩状态呈现一定的差异性。近年来伴随着能源消费的清洁化转型,天然气、一次电力和其他能源消费与经济增长之间呈现为拓张负脱钩或拓张连接状态。④ 影响能源消费增长的驱动因素中,能源强度是能源消费量降低的最主要因素;投资拉动是能源消费增长的主导因素,土地效应是推动能源消费增长不可忽视的重要因素,其贡献率为35.65%。产业结构效应、劳动力效应和能源结构效应对能源消费增长的整体贡献在15%左右。  相似文献   

中国化肥投入管制的时空演化及影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨建辉 《地理科学》2018,38(9):1516-1524

运用脱钩弹性方程,分析了1980~2015年中国各地区（除港澳台地区外）的化肥投入与农业增长耦合关系和化肥投入变动的管制效果;通过LMDI模型,将化肥投入变动影响因素分解为产值规模效应、化肥效益效应和科技效应。研究表明：随着农业经济的迅速发展,中国的化肥投入可以分为“增量管制”和“减量管制”2个阶段,减量管制阶段的化肥投入增速明显低于增量管制阶段,其中东部地区的化肥投入率先减量;脱钩弹性系数在增量管制阶段末期达到最高值后,呈现出逐渐降低的趋势,各地区的管制效果与化肥投入管制方向基本相同;科技效应驱动了各地区化肥投入的减少,化肥效益效应是化肥投入增加的推动力,各效应在增量管制和减量管制阶段的驱动方向保持一致,其中东部地区的化肥效益效应贡献率较大,同时科技效应贡献率的绝对值也相对高,西部地区农业增产模式较为粗放。随着化肥投入减量管制的深入,要在重视空间差异的基础上,不断提高化肥增产效率、增强现代农业的外部替代作用。  相似文献   

移动机器人定点目标控制的线性分解方法     

唐丽娜  宿浩  郭忠文 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(11):114-117

研究移动机器人的定点目标控制问题。针对移动机器人的非线性模型提出一种线性分解控制方法。根据移动机器人的结构特性,将移动机器人的运动控制过程从时间上分解为原地旋转控制和直线运动控制2个阶段,从而实现了非线性系统的线性解耦分解。根据线性分解模型,分别设计了原地旋转和直线运动的控制算法。理论分析表明,利用线性分解控制方法可以方便地实现移动机器人有限时间定点目标控制。  相似文献   

Understanding carbon trading: Effects of delegating CO2 responsibility on organizations’ trading behaviour     

Juan Miguel Rodriguez Lopez  Anita Engels  Lisa Knoll 《Climate Policy》2013,13(3):346-360

The establishment of a carbon market assumes that there is an effective means of transforming price information into technical carbon reduction measures. However, empirical evidence reveals that the links between price information and carbon management strategies are far from obvious. To understand how delegating CO₂ responsibility affects CO₂ trading behaviour, this article proposes a neo-institutionalist approach to answering the question of why companies became sellers, buyers or a combination of both during phase I of the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Original data from a survey on companies that participated in this scheme were collected and analysed. It was assumed that the trading scheme offered two ways to delegate decisions regarding emissions trading: decoupling from technical knowledge and financialization (i.e. delegating to financial departments) or coupling using technicalization (i.e. delegating to manufacturing departments). The results support the hypothesis that a company that adopts a decoupling strategy is more likely to buy certificates to fulfil their emissions targets. Adopting a coupling strategy indicates that a company is more likely to become a seller, all else equal. Professional identity is the theoretical basis for this relationship. Delegating carbon management to different departments represents either a stronger coupling or a stronger decoupling from core technological processes.

Policy relevance

The transaction data from phase I of the EU ETS open new questions and possibilities regarding the reasons that drive selling and buying in companies. It is important to look not only at the traditional sources of transaction costs, but rather also at the reasons for these tensions. One important source is the professional education of the people in charge of the EU ETS. Tailored information that directly addresses the different professional backgrounds of managers working in both financial departments and more technical departments might help to lower these types of transaction costs. In today's context, important emitter countries, such as China and Korea, have launched their own emissions markets, copying many aspects of the EU ETS. For the positive development of these markets and as a way of establishing a global emissions market, these new schemes should learn from the EU ETS experience.  相似文献   

黄河流域旅游经济发展与生态环境压力的时空特征及动态解耦过程     

张旭红  周成  李艳艳  周霖  任敏敏  赵亚玲 《中国沙漠》2022,42(3):241-250

区域旅游经济与生态环境之间存在压力与响应关系。以黄河流域9个省区为研究对象,以2004—2018年为考察时段,运用旅游经济发展指数、生态环境压力指数和动态变动指数对旅游经济发展和生态环境压力的时空特征进行分析,并借助解耦分析模型对两大系统的解耦过程给予动态研究。结果表明：（1）在空间上,旅游经济发展在黄河流域呈东高西低、南高北低的空间分布特征。生态环境压力则具有显著的河段差异性特征,上游省区生态环境压力较小,而中下游省区环境压力较大且生态治理形势严峻。（2）在时间上,青海、甘肃和宁夏旅游经济呈起点较低但发展较快的特征,而河南与山东起点较高但变化不大。生态环境压力变化并未呈现显著的空间分布规律,山西为生态环境压力变动低等级省区。（3）多数省区旅游经济发展与生态环境压力两大系统2004—2018年呈由扩张性耦合到弱解耦、由弱负解耦到强解耦状态转变,解耦关系趋向良性方向发展。最后,从发展生态旅游经济、注重生态环境治理、建立系统解耦机制等方面提出黄河流域旅游经济与生态环境的系统解耦与响应策略。  相似文献   

THERMOPOROELASTIC COUPLING WITH APPLICATION TO CONSOLIDATION     

M. Bai  Y. Abousleiman 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1997,21(2):121-132

Based on a fully coupled thermoporoelastic formulation, this paper discusses the general conditions where the coupling should be maintained, and where a partial or full decoupling technique may be applied. This exercise is aimed at providing practical solutions for the coupled thermoporoelastic analyses where excessive manipulations and unreasonable simplifications are minimized. The necessity for full coupling and the justification for decoupling are illustrated in a thermoporoelastic application of a one-dimensional consolidation scenario. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献