小波与奇异谱分析在地铁保护区监测数据处理中的应用     

王涛  田林亚  侯建梅 《测绘工程》2017,26(9)

以南京市地铁沉降监测数据为例,将小波分析和奇异谱分析方法应用在地铁保护区监测数据的处理中。实验证明本方法在探测异常值、获取沉降变形趋势、变形周期等方面具有可行性。  相似文献   

兰勃特投影在东西向高速铁路中的应用研究     

李亚磊  刘晗 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(9)

针对在东西向的高速铁路工程项目建设过程中,现今采用的高斯投影所能控制的范围小,需要建立较多投影带,投影带边缘变形大,各投影带间坐标转换复杂,不利于数据共享等突出问题,本文提出采用兰勃特投影的新方式。首先介绍切、割兰勃特投影的原理和坐标转换方法;其次通过分析高斯投影和兰勃特投影在郑徐高铁项目中的对比应用,得出兰勃特投影更适合东西向高速铁路工程坐标系统建设的结论。对类似线形工程项目具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

改进的等维灰数递补模型预测边界确定方法     

郝珈纬  张安兵  王贺封  焦旭  张玉杰 《测绘科学》2017,42(10)

针对当前利用灰色预测模型进行地表沉降预测研究更多注重模型本身探讨而较少涉及预测值合理范围以及预测值时间响应函数的还原方法的情况,该文提出了一种改进的等维灰数递补模型预测边界的确定方法,采用了误差传播定律对预测值范围进行界定,并尝试利用中值近似处理代替累减生成建立预测值的时间响应函数;最后,结合工程实例给出了预测值上下边界,探讨了模型在误差允许范围内的预测步长,并对比分析了改进的等维灰数递补模型、原始的等维灰数递补模型和GM(1,1)模型。结果发现:改进的等维灰数递补模型具有较好的拟合效果与预测精度。  相似文献   

大跨钢桁梁形变对轨道平顺性的影响     

耿中利  张同刚  杨怀志  杨书生  施洲 《测绘科学》2017,42(8)

针对由于大跨钢桁梁形变导致其上设置的轨道控制点(CPIII)空间位置的变化,进而导致轨道平顺性的测量结果受到影响的问题,该文从轨道维护角度出发,探讨大跨钢桁梁形变对轨道测量及平顺性影响规律。通过模拟实验对大跨钢桁梁形变引起的自由设站坐标、钢轨几何位置测量值以及轨道平顺性指标3方面的影响进行了深入讨论,结果表明:对于直线段大跨钢桁梁部分的轨道平顺性影响较小,对钢桁梁与两端混凝土梁连接处的轨道平顺性影响较大。  相似文献   

建筑物沉降监测中的改进灰色模型     

朱军桃  李亚威  熊东旭  耿继军  赵亚辉 《测绘科学》2017,42(11)

针对传统非等间距GM(1,1)模型在建筑物沉降监测中预测精度不够高的问题,提出了一种新的非等间距GM(1,1)建模方法。此法基于初始条件改进及把灰色微分方程的白化方程中的灰导数用离散形式进行表示的改进相结合、提高非等间距GM(1,1)模型的建模精度。结合桂林市某广场的集商用、住房于一体的高层建筑的沉降变形监测实例,将本模型的沉降预测的结果同文献中另一非等间距GM(1,1)改进方法进行对比分析和检验,充分验证了建筑物沉降变形分析预报中本模型方法的可行性和优越性,对进一步促进非等间距GM(1,1)模型在沉降变形预测中的应用起到了积极的作用。  相似文献   

The Dominican Republic–Central American Free Trade Agreement’s Symbolic Nod to Environmental Protection: Legal Perspectives on the Citizen Submission Process     

J. Christopher Upton  Catherine M. Tucker  Seleste Sanchez 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(10):1277-1287

The Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) contains a chapter on the environment, ostensibly included to mitigate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) environmental oversights. The environment chapter created a citizen submission process designed to foster public participation in supporting each participating nation’s environmental laws. This article examines the outcomes to date of the citizen submission process, based on an analysis of the articles of the agreement and an examination of the rulings made on each case submitted under the citizen submission process. The analysis shows that CAFTA poses significant obstacles to citizen participation and has made minimal, if any, contributions to environmental law enforcement among the Parties to the agreement.  相似文献   

泥石流学科的发展和对策   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔鹏  唐邦兴 《地球科学进展》1993,8(2):14-18

泥石流研究首先要积极投身于国民经济建设主战场,并以泥石流综合防治为契机,促进山区生态经济系统的良性循环,使得根治泥石流灾害与社会、经济、生态环境协调发展。其次,要突破学科的前沿问题——泥石流起动理论和阻力规律。初步提出了实现目标的措施。  相似文献   

Surface-deformation monitoring in the permafrost regions over the Tibetan Plateau,using Sentinel-1 data     

ZhenMing Wu  Lin Zhao  Lin Liu  Rui Zhu  ZeShen Gao  YongPing Qiao  LiMing Tian  HuaYun Zhou  MeiZhen Xie 《寒旱区科学》2018,10(2):114-125

Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(D-In SAR) has been widely used to measure surface deformation over the Tibetan Plateau. However, the accuracy and applicability of the D-In SAR method are not well estimated due to the lack of in-situ validation. In this paper, we mapped the seasonal and long-term displacement of Tanggula(TGL) and Liangdaohe(LDH) permafrost regions with a stack of Sentinel-1 acquisitions using the Small Baseline Subset In SAR(SBAS-In SAR) method. In the TGL region, with its dry soils and sparse vegetation, the In SAR-derived surface-deformation trend was consistent with ground-based leveling results; long-term changes of the active layer showed a settlement rate of around 1 to 3 mm/a due to the melting of ground ice, indicating a degrading permafrost in this area. Around half of the deformation was picked up on monitoring, in contrast with in-situ measurements in LDH, implying that the D-In SAR method remarkably underestimated the surface-deformation. This phenomenon may be induced by the large soil-water content, high vegetation coverage, or a combination of these two factors in this region. This study demonstrates that surface deformation could be mapped accurately for a specific region with Sentinel-1 C-band data, such as in the TGL region.Moreover, although the D-In SAR technology provides an efficient solution for broad surface-deformation monitoring in permafrost regions, it shows a poor performance in the region with high soil-water content and dense vegetation coverage.  相似文献   

Potential Deformation and Its Application to the Diagnosis of Heavy Precipitation in Mesoscale Convective Systems     

Na LI  Lingkun RAN  Linna ZHANG  Shouting GAO 《大气科学进展》2017,34(7):894-908

Many observational studies have shown that deformation, like vertical vorticity and divergence, is closely related to the occurrence and distribution of strong precipitation. In this paper, to involve deformation in precipitation diagnosis, a new parameter called potential deformation(PD) is derived and then applied to precipitation detection within a simulated mesoscale convective system(MCS). It is shown that PD includes both stretching deformation and shearing deformation and shares similar characteristics with deformation insofar as it does not change with the rotating coordinate. Diagnosis of the simulated MCS reveals that PD performs well in tracing the MCS' precipitation. In terms of their distributional pattern, the large-value areas of PD are similar to the precipitation in the different development stages of the MCS. A detailed analysis of the physical processes contained within the PD shows that it can reflect the three-dimensional moisture variation,vertical wind shear and wind deformation within the MCS. These structures are usually a comprehensive reflection of the characteristics of the surface cold pool, rear inflow jet, downward cold air flow and upward warm moist flow within the precipitating convective cells. For this reason, the PD shows much stronger anomalies in the precipitating atmosphere than the non-precipitating atmosphere, which implies considerable potential for its application in detecting heavy precipitation within MCSs.  相似文献   

变形监测信号消噪的不确定度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曲国庆  党亚民  章传银 《测绘科学》2007,32(5):21-22

变形表现为一种弱信号,误差呈现为强噪声。小波包分解消噪是对分解中所得到的高频部分再继续细分,因此具有更精细的消噪能力。采用最优小波包基进行信号重构的过程中,信号有一定的损失。若将消噪过程近似成拟合,拟合误差符合正态分布,可以采用假设检验法估计信号重构误差的区间,进而确定信号重构误差的不确定度,评价小波包消噪的质量。  相似文献