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71.
72.
Xia Wenchen Zhou Jie Lei Jianxi Zhang Nianmao Peng YangChina U niversity of Geoscience W uhan Hubei Wang Yujun 《《地质学报》英文版》1995,69(4):341-357
On the basis of exhaustive researches on the facies sequences and depositlonal evolutionary process of various depositional systems, the genetic stratigraphic framework of the extensional rifted oceanic basin, which has undergone strong structural destruction, has been reconstructed by means of dynamic genetic stratigraphic analysis. Five depositional episodes have been distinguished from various isochronous stratigraphic boundaries and stratigraphic sequences with the three-dimensional structure of each depositional episode analysed in detail. The tectonic paleogeographic environment corresponding to different stages of each depositional episode has been reconstructed for individual depositional system tracts. And the evolution history of this rifted basin has been divided into four stages' initial rifting and oceanization of continental crust, stretching and spreading of the basin, subduction and basin differentiation, and convergence and collision. A NNE-trending intracontinental soft collision sutur 相似文献
73.
Barry Jay Katz 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2001,26(2):161-179
Although much of the world's petroleum resource-base is associated with marine systems, regionally lacustrine petroleum systems are important. Individual accumulations may exceed several billion barrels. In each of these cases the oil is derived from a lacustrine source rock and may be produced from either nonmarine or marine reservoir rocks. The purpose of this paper is to describe the factors that control lacustrine source rock development and the nature of lacustrine reservoirs. Lacustrine oils display different physical and chemical characteristics than their marine counterparts. These differences can be related to the nature of their precursor material. Although the nature of the products are different, the geochemical threshold criteria for defining source rocks in both settings are the same because of common expulsion requirements. Commercially significant lacustrine systems require the presence of large, long-lived lakes. Such lake settings are tectonic in origin and restricted to climatic settings where precipitation exceeds evaporation. Within these large lake systems three primary factors determine source rock potential and quality. These factors are primary productivity level, organic preservation potential, and matrix sedimentation rate, which controls the dilution of preserved organic matter. Source rock potential is maximized where both productivity and preservation potential are maximized and sedimentation rate is minimized. To some degree these factors can compensate for each other. Hydrocarbon reservoir potential within lacustrine basins is partially impacted by overall tectonic setting. Within extensional settings, transport distances tend to be limited, with much of the sediment being transported away from the basin. The sediments delivered to the lake are poorly sorted and sedimentologically immature, commonly resulting in poor reservoirs due to both primary properties and their susceptibility to diagenesis. Within rifts better reservoirs tend to develop along platform or flexural margins. Stacking of reservoirs is important in lacustrine systems but baffles and barriers are often present between individual sand units. These barriers form as a result of lake level fluctuations. In compressional settings transport distances tend to be longer, resulting in more mature, better sorted sediments leading to higher quality reservoirs. These reservoirs typically develop in fluvial-deltaic and wave-dominated shoreline settings. Lacustrine carbonate reservoirs are locally important. These carbonates tend to develop during lake level lowstands and are dependent on diagenesis (dissolution and karstification) for porosity and permeability development. Lacustrine reservoirs are often stratigraphically and areally limited and display low individual well production rates. Within pure lacustrine systems exploration opportunities appear to be often restricted by either reservoir presence or quality (i.e., production rates). The best exploration opportunities in lacustrine basins appear to be associated with hybrid systems where a lacustrine source and marine reservoir exist. 相似文献
74.
非补偿陆相断陷盆地层序地层学研究——以廊固凹陷古近系为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
非补偿沉积表现为无明显的沉积间断面,单层暗色泥岩厚度大,分布范围广,沉积剖面以退积为特点。通过对廊固凹陷古近系基底地层、物源体系的研究,结合沉积物组合特点、沉积剖面序列和构造发育阶段特征,分析了非补偿沉积盆地的层序发育样式,总结了非补偿盆地层序边界发育特征,建立了层序地层格架,共划分了1个一级层序、3个二级层序、11个三级层序。研究了不同沉积、构造背景下各层序组内体系域的样式,将一个完整的层序划分为湖泊充填体系域、湖泊扩张体系域、湖泊稳定体系域及湖泊萎缩体系域(下降体系域)等4个阶段,使体系域的叠加与层序的演化相关联。建立了非补偿型陆相盆地有利体系域沉积模式,认为物源的演替是其主控因素,复杂的断裂系统仅是一种控制沉积作用的一种表象。 相似文献
75.
新疆库车盆地吉迪克组的地层时代和沉积环境 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
库盆地吉迪组分布十分广泛,它是储油层和油、气田的盖层,主要由碎屑岩或碎屑岩与石膏岩的互层组成,沉积厚度301.4-1081m。这套地层中富含有孔虫、介形类、抱粉、轮藻和腹足类等化石,通过古生物群的分折研究,可确定其沉积时代为中新世,更确切地说为中新世早、中期。通过沉积物特征和古生物群中广海、底栖有孔虫,咸水型介形类,水生植物抱粉和沟鞭藻等门类的分析,大致可确定沉积物的物源主要来自盆地北部的南天山山脉。沉积物颗粒自北向南由粗变细,水体中的含盐度自西向东逐渐升高,沉积了石膏、石盐和钙芒硝等盐类物质;推测在中新世早、中期库车盆地可能与塔里木盆地西部的喀什-乌恰-带残留海相连通。 相似文献
76.
碳硅泥岩型铀矿成矿特征,形成机理及找矿前景的讨论 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
伊勒门盆地是典型的中新生代山间盆地。文中分析了盆地盖层下白垩统巴彦花组的沉积体系特征及砂岩型铀矿找矿远景。认为辫状河、三解洲砾岩、砂砾央及砂岩层是寻找潜水层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的有利层位,初步确定达来隆起带北西侧、查干台格布其狭长凹陷带及包林布其南部地区3片潜水层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿远景区。 相似文献
77.
通过地面调查及钻井地质资料分析,对柴达木盆地干柴沟地区第三系湖盆边缘斜坡带沉积体系构成进行分析研究,该体系主要由扇三角洲沉积体系,水下洪积扇-近岸浊流沉积体系,辫状河三角洲沉积体系,常态湖三角洲沉积体系和湖泊沉积体系组成。对其成因地层格架及湖盆充填模式进行了探讨分析。 相似文献
78.
79.
藏北高原双湖地区中侏罗统海相油页岩生物标志化合物分布特征及其意义 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
重点报道了藏北双湖地区中侏罗统海相油页岩的生物标志化合物特征,首次在该层位油页岩中检出丰富的正烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、萜类化合物及甾类化合物。正烷烃图谱呈单峰形,nC15、nC16或nC17为主峰碳,轻烃组份占有绝对优势,OEP值 0.93~ 1.0 1,无明显的奇偶碳数优势分布;Pr/Ph值为 0.77~ 1.5 9,在剖面序列中呈波动分布,显示弱植烷优势或姥鲛烷优势;藿烷以C30 占优势,萜烷相对丰度五环三萜烷 >三环萜烷 >四环萜烷;规则甾烷∑ (C27+C28) >∑C29,∑C27/∑C29值为 0.79~ 1.2 0,在剖面序列中下部C27甾烷略占优势,上部C29甾烷略占优势,重排甾烷C27/规则甾烷C27值为 0.5 1~ 3.6 3,在剖面序列中具有显著的波动性,同时检出了少量孕甾烷和 4-甲基甾烷。有机质母质构成中,既有丰富的藻类等低等水生生物,可能还有一定比例陆生高等植物输入混合的特点。油页岩处于成熟阶段,整个油页岩剖面序列具有一致的热演化程度。剖面中部油页岩具有极高的原始生产力,氧化-还原条件也是控制油页岩TOC和沥青“A”含量在剖面垂向变化的重要因素. 相似文献
80.
T—R旋回层序在东淮凹陷前梨园地区Es3^3亚段储层研究中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
依据对东濮凹陷前梨园地区测井、岩芯和高分辨率地震资料的综合研究,可将Es3^3亚段划分为三个湖进-湖退(T-R)旋回沉积层序,自底往上,Es3^3I层序发育辫状三角洲-半深湖沉积体系,Es3^3ⅡEs3^3Ⅲ层序则以扇 三角洲-半深湖、深湖-湖底扇沉积体系为主,由沉积层序的区域对比和沉积体系的空间展布,建立起了前梨园地区Es3^3亚段高分辨率等时地层格架,将储集岩层置于等时界面限定的沉积层序中进行划分和对比,可精确地解释砂体的成因及其横向变化规律。 相似文献