The Vetreny Poyas (Windy Belt) subprovince of southeastern Fennoscandia: An essential component of the ca. 2.5–2.4 Ga Sumian large igneous provinces     

V.S. Kulikov  Ya.V. Bychkova  V.V. Kulikova  R. Ernst 《Precambrian Research》2010

Ca. 2.5–2.4 Ga Sumian magmatism is widespread in the Karelia and Kola cratons of Fennoscandia and probably represents at least two intermixed large igneous provinces (LIPs). It is distinct from other Paleoproterozoic LIPs (Jatulian 2.22–2.1 Ga and Ludicovian 2.06–1.96 Ga) elsewhere in the Fennoscandian Shield. A poorly understood portion of Sumian magmatism is the Vetreny Poyas (Windy Belt) subprovince, which covers ∼75,000 km² in southeastern Fennoscandia. This subprovince consists of four genetically related complexes which developed at different levels in the crust: a volcanic complex (komatiitic basaltic lava flows on Golets, Levgora and Myandukha hills, and Victoria lava lake on Levgora hill), a subvolcanic complex (mafic–ultramafic sills and lopoliths including Ruiga, Kirichgora, Kozhozero and Undozero), plutonic complexes (Burakovsky and Vyzhiga) and a dyke complex (gabbronoritic Avdeyevo and Shala dykes and peridotitic Vinela and Koppalozero dykes). Similar patterns are present in other Sumian belts elsewhere in Karelia, for instance in southern Lapland and the Kola Peninsula.  相似文献   

山东鲁山地区新太古代壳源花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王伟  王世进  董春艳  杨恩秀  杜利林  颉颃强  马铭株  万渝生 《地质通报》2010,29(7):993-1000

山东鲁山地区新太古代壳源花岗岩主要包括粗粒钾长花岗岩、中—粗粒二长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩。根据SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,其形成时代分别为2525Ma±13Ma、2517Ma±13Ma和2508Ma±20Ma,且常有残余锆石核存在。它们的形成与华北克拉通新太古代晚期(2.5~2.55Ga)强烈的构造热事件有关,标志着鲁西和华北古陆块克拉通化完成。  相似文献   

Continental rift evolution: From rift initiation to incipient break-up in the Main Ethiopian Rift, East Africa   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Giacomo Corti   《Earth》2009,96(1-2):1-53

The Main Ethiopian Rift is a key sector of the East African Rift System that connects the Afar depression, at Red Sea–Gulf of Aden junction, with the Turkana depression and Kenya Rift to the South. It is a magmatic rift that records all the different stages of rift evolution from rift initiation to break-up and incipient oceanic spreading: it is thus an ideal place to analyse the evolution of continental extension, the rupture of lithospheric plates and the dynamics by which distributed continental deformation is progressively focused at oceanic spreading centres.The first tectono-magmatic event related to the Tertiary rifting was the eruption of voluminous flood basalts that apparently occurred in a rather short time interval at around 30 Ma; strong plateau uplift, which resulted in the development of the Ethiopian and Somalian plateaus now surrounding the rift valley, has been suggested to have initiated contemporaneously or shortly after the extensive flood-basalt volcanism, although its exact timing remains controversial. Voluminous volcanism and uplift started prior to the main rifting phases, suggesting a mantle plume influence on the Tertiary deformation in East Africa. Different plume hypothesis have been suggested, with recent models indicating the existence of deep superplume originating at the core-mantle boundary beneath southern Africa, rising in a north–northeastward direction toward eastern Africa, and feeding multiple plume stems in the upper mantle. However, the existence of this whole-mantle feature and its possible connection with Tertiary rifting are highly debated.The main rifting phases started diachronously along the MER in the Mio-Pliocene; rift propagation was not a smooth process but rather a process with punctuated episodes of extension and relative quiescence. Rift location was most probably controlled by the reactivation of a lithospheric-scale pre-Cambrian weakness; the orientation of this weakness (roughly NE–SW) and the Late Pliocene (post 3.2 Ma)-recent extensional stress field generated by relative motion between Nubia and Somalia plates (roughly ESE–WNW) suggest that oblique rifting conditions have controlled rift evolution. However, it is still unclear if these kinematical boundary conditions have remained steady since the initial stages of rifting or the kinematics has changed during the Late Pliocene or at the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary.Analysis of geological–geophysical data suggests that continental rifting in the MER evolved in two different phases. An early (Mio-Pliocene) continental rifting stage was characterised by displacement along large boundary faults, subsidence of rift depression with local development of deep (up to 5 km) asymmetric basins and diffuse magmatic activity. In this initial phase, magmatism encompassed the whole rift, with volcanic activity affecting the rift depression, the major boundary faults and limited portions of the rift shoulders (off-axis volcanism). Progressive extension led to the second (Pleistocene) rifting stage, characterised by a riftward narrowing of the volcano-tectonic activity. In this phase, the main boundary faults were deactivated and extensional deformation was accommodated by dense swarms of faults (Wonji segments) in the thinned rift depression. The progressive thinning of the continental lithosphere under constant, prolonged oblique rifting conditions controlled this migration of deformation, possibly in tandem with the weakening related to magmatic processes and/or a change in rift kinematics. Owing to the oblique rifting conditions, the fault swarms obliquely cut the rift floor and were characterised by a typical right-stepping arrangement. Ascending magmas were focused by the Wonji segments, with eruption of magmas at surface preferentially occurring along the oblique faults. As soon as the volcano-tectonic activity was localised within Wonji segments, a strong feedback between deformation and magmatism developed: the thinned lithosphere was strongly modified by the extensive magma intrusion and extension was facilitated and accommodated by a combination of magmatic intrusion, dyking and faulting. In these conditions, focused melt intrusion allows the rupture of the thick continental lithosphere and the magmatic segments act as incipient slow-spreading mid-ocean spreading centres sandwiched by continental lithosphere.Overall the above-described evolution of the MER (at least in its northernmost sector) documents a transition from fault-dominated rift morphology in the early stages of extension toward magma-assisted rifting during the final stages of continental break-up. A strong increase in coupling between deformation and magmatism with extension is documented, with magma intrusion and dyking playing a larger role than faulting in strain accommodation as rifting progresses to seafloor spreading.  相似文献   

Precambrian mafic magmatism of Shillong plateau,Meghalaya and their evolutionary history     

J. Mallikharjuna Rao  G. V. S. Poornachandra Rao  K. P. Sarma 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(1):143-152

The Archaean gneissic basement of Shillong plateau has been traversed by number of mafic dyke swarms. At least two suites of dykes are identified in the region represented by Proterozoic Khasi greenstone related dolerites and younger Cretaceous dolerite dykes in addition to mafic alkaline dykes. The older Khasi greenstone dolerites are altered and have undergone low-grade metamorphism compared to fresh Cretaceous dykes, which are well exposed in the West Garo Hills region. All the Khasi greenstone dolerites are tholeiite in composition and range from basalt to basaltic andesite in composition and show olivine or quartz normative character. Most of the dykes show continental nature of emplacement with some overlapping oceanic tectonic setting of origin. Petrochemical study suggests that they were derived from picrites that subsequently undergone low-pressure fractionation. Palaeomagnetic study of the older Khasi greenstone related dolerites show a direction of magnetization of Dm=17, Im= +57 (α₉₅= 23.34; K=31.5; N=24) with a palaeolatitude of 29.7°N to the Indian subcontinent that clearly support the Proterozoic dyke/dyke swarm emplacement in the region. The magnetic carrier as inferred from K-T studies is in multi domain (MD) size and cation deficient (CD) domain states.  相似文献   

LPHT metamorphism in a late orogenic transpressional setting, Albera Massif, NE Iberia: implications for the geodynamic evolution of the Variscan Pyrenees     

M. VILÀ  C. PIN  M. LIESA  P. ENRIQUE 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2007,25(3):321-347

During the Late Palaeozoic Variscan Orogeny, Cambro‐Ordovician and/or Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Albera Massif (Eastern Pyrenees) were subject to low‐pressure/high‐temperature (LPHT) regional metamorphism, with the development of a sequence of prograde metamorphic zones (chlorite‐muscovite, biotite, andalusite‐cordierite, sillimanite and migmatite). LPHT metamorphism and magmatism occurred in a broadly compressional tectonic regime, which started with a phase of southward thrusting (D1) and ended with a wrench‐dominated dextral transpressional event (D2). D1 occurred under prograde metamorphic conditions. D2 started before the P–T metamorphic climax and continued during and after the metamorphic peak, and was associated with igneous activity. P–T estimates show that rocks from the biotite‐in isograd reached peak‐metamorphic conditions of 2.5 kbar, 400 °C; rocks in the low‐grade part of the andalusite‐cordierite zone reached peak metamorphic conditions of 2.8 kbar, 535 °C; rocks located at the transition between andalusite‐cordierite zone and the sillimanite zone reached peak metamorphic conditions of 3.3 kbar, 625 °C; rocks located at the beginning of the anatectic domain reached peak metamorphic conditions of 3.5 kbar, 655 °C; and rocks located at the bottom of the metamorphic series of the massif reached peak metamorphic conditions of 4.5 kbar, 730 °C. A clockwise P–T trajectory is inferred using a combination of reaction microstructures with appropriate P–T pseudosections. It is proposed that heat from asthenospheric material that rose to shallow mantle levels provided the ultimate heat source for the LPHT metamorphism and extensive lower crustal melting, generating various types of granitoid magmas. This thermal pulse occurred during an episode of transpression, and is interpreted to reflect breakoff of the underlying, downwarped mantle lithosphere during the final stages of oblique continental collision.  相似文献   

中条山北段元古宙岩浆活动与陆壳生长机制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱勤文  叶德隆 《地质论评》1997,43(3):257-263

中条山北段元古宙未变质和变质的火成岩分属于３大阶段５期岩浆活动的产物。综合分析本区火成岩的岩石学、地球化学特征和沉积相与变质变形作用的关系后提出，中条山北段元古宙时期不是大陆裂谷，而是古大陆边缘活动带。中基性岩浆活动是该区元古宙地壳演化的重要组成部分，幔源基性岩浆的底侵导致了陆壳的垂向增生，而两期火山活动则导致了陆壳的水平侧向增生。  相似文献   

德兴式斑岩型矿床的构造-岩浆-成矿体系   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

叶德隆  叶松 《地球科学》1997,22(3):252-256

论述了德兴式斑岩型矿床的构造－岩浆－成矿体系、德兴铜矿田是比较典型又独具特色的斑岩型Ｃｕ（Ｍｏ，Ａｕ）矿床，银山Ｃｕ，Ａｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ａｇ多金属矿区是比较典型的火山一次火山－斑岩成矿体系，三级断裂（裂隙）系统在不同尺度上控岩控矿、中酸性岩浆活动提供成矿元素、成矿热流体、成矿热驱动力和成矿空间，并合作围岩“矿源层”中的成矿物质经转移参与成矿，德 斑放床是构造作用－岩浆作用－成矿作用三位一体统一的地  相似文献   

造山带火山岩研究   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17  

夏林圻 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,20(3):225-232

造山带火山岩石学研究的主要目的在于重溯造山带的构造－岩浆演化历史。纵观我国以至全球的大陆造山带形成、演化历史，一个造山带往往经历了古大陆裂解、洋陆转换、陆块拼合－碰撞、陆内伸展－盆山耦合和新构造隆升（陆内造山）等众多不同的构造演化阶段，这些不同的构造演化阶段和不同的构造环境均有特定火山岩浆作用与这相伴。因此，可以根据造山带形成、演化不同阶段火山岩浆作用的特点来重溯造山带的构造－岩浆演化历史，进而从更大尺度上加以对比，探索全球动力学乃至比较行星动力学等重大科学问题。本文对造山带火山岩石学研究中的一些重要问题进行了讨论和评述，这些问题包括：板块内部火山岩浆活动、离散板块边界上的火山岩浆活动、会聚板块边缘的火山岩浆活动。  相似文献   

地质作用中的流体形成演化及成矿作用   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

李兆麟  李院生 《地学前缘》1996,3(4):237-244

许多事实已证明地壳和地球深部存在大量的流体，它在所有地质过程中都扮演了重要角色。文章围绕岩浆、伟晶岩、变质作用及沉积盆地流体的形成机制、地质过程中流体作用以及流体研究中存在的问题等方面展开了讨论，提出地壳构造、岩浆作用与流体有着密切的关系。流体研究不但可以揭示地壳乃至地球深部的各种作用，系统剖析流体形成演化与成矿关系，而且对研究地幔对流、地球不同圈层流体的交换方式等均具有重要的理论和实际意义。  相似文献   

东天山北部哈尔里克晚古生代推覆构造与岩浆作用研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

王赐银  卢保奇 《高校地质学报》1996,2(2):198-206

东天山北部哈尔里地荀晚古生代火山弧，石炭纪末发生区域性逆冲推覆作用，研究表明，在晚石炭世碰撞造山过程中，哈尔里克地区国三个不同阶段屿性质的构造变形，变民岩浆作用；即３４６－３１２Ｍａ从南向北的推覆作用，对应于这期从北向南的俯冲事件；３１２－２６０Ｍａ从北向南的推覆作用，对应于晚石炭世的陆－陆碰撞陆内变形事件：２６０－２３０Ｍａ洞东西方向的右旋走滑作用，对应于造山期末发生在边界断裂附近的变形事件，大  相似文献