Active tectonics of the Himalaya     

James F Ni 《Journal of Earth System Science》1989,98(1):71-89

The Himalayan mountains are a product of the collision between India and Eurasia which began in the Eocene. In the early stage of continental collision the development of a suture zone between two colliding plates took place. The continued convergence is accommodated along the suture zone and in the back-arc region. Further convergence results in intracrustal megathrust within the leading edge of the advancing Indian plate. In the Himalaya this stage is characterized by the intense uplift of the High Himalaya, the development of the Tibetan Plateau and the breaking-up of the central and eastern Asian continent. Although numerous models for the evolution of the Himalaya have been proposed, the available geological and geophysical data are consistent with an underthrusting model in which the Indian continental lithosphere underthrusts beneath the Himalaya and southern Tibet. Reflection profiles across the entire Himalaya and Tibet are needed to prove the existence of such underthrusting. Geodetic surveys across the High Himalaya are needed to determine the present state of the MCT as well as the rate of uplift and shortening within the Himalaya. Paleoseismicity studies are necessary to resolve the temporal and spatial patterns of major earthquake faulting along the segmented Himalayan mountains.  相似文献   

辽宁省金矿集中区及其与构造样式的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王有爵  李忠  范垂祥 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1988,(2)

本文将辽宁省金矿划分四种类型,十个主要金矿集中区。这些集中区均受华北地台东西向基底构造活动带及中生代太平洋板块俯冲影响、所产生的北西向构造挤压带和北东向构造—岩浆岩带的复合作用控制。它们分别处于太不洋成矿带的内带(辽东)和外带(辽西)。并以郯庐断裂为轴线,构成了两大“U”字形,类似共轭曲线展布的构造样式。根据深部地球物理资料,综合分析了控制金矿集中区构造样式的形成机制。区内脉状金矿大都分布在深断裂(深度大于五公里断裂)带附近。  相似文献   

大别变质地体的构造样式及变形序列   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

索书田  游振东  朱宝康  刘武 《地球科学》1988,(3)

大别山区晚太古代大别群变质岩系,经历了复杂的变形过程。在大别变质地块内部识别出两套大型剪切带,它们在该区构造格架形成过程中起着重要的作用。本文还分析了变质的上壳岩、片麻岩和剪切带内的变形特点。实际资料说明,剪切带内的褶皱是由于剪切的不稳定性及平行面理局部缩短形成的,这些大型地壳剪切作用多伴随有挤压流动或伸展流动。根据褶皱叠加关系以及剪切带、新成体交切关系建立了大别群总体构造序列。该区提供了一个研究中下地壳作用的窗口。  相似文献   

逆冲断层前锋带的构造样式   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王桂梁  姜波 《地质科技情报》1994,13(3):10-17

由于逆冲断层产出构造环境和规模的不同，其前缘可以有拆离型，褶皱型，前冲型，反冲型等多种样式；每种样式又可具不同特征。此外，逆冲前缘还常伴生一些重力构造，盆地构造和不同方向的反转构造。各种构造样式可以相互转化和过渡而共存于同一逆冲带，或发育于不同逆冲带中。它们是研究塑冲作用的动力状态，，扩展方式和发展阶段的重要依据。  相似文献   

Structural Styles of the Longmenshan Thrust Belt and Evolution of the Foreland Basin in Western Sichuan Province, China   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Liu Hefu  Liang Huishe  Cai Liguo  Shen Fei China University of Geosciences  Beijing Jiang Minxi 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(4):351-372

The Longmenshan thrust system consists of two major groups of structural styles according to the depth of their involvement: basement thrusts-compressional fault blocks; fold-thrust system in the cover. In cross-section, the Longmenshan structural belt is divided into 5 zones. The propagation of the Longmenshan thrust system is piggy-back due to pushing at the early stage and overstep due to gravity sliding at the late stage. Balanced cross-sections and palinspastic reconstruction reveal that the total sliding displacement of the thrust system amounts to 120 km. The tectonic evolution of the Tethys domain in western Sichuan has experienced 5 stages: continental break-up; ocean-continent subduction ; continent-arc collision; orogenic thrusting; uplift of western Sichuan.  相似文献   

河南省西峡—内乡北部元古界与古生界间的构造边界   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

索书田  钟增球 《地质科学》1990,(1):12-21

构造制图和详细的构造解析,在东秦岭造山带核部识别出一个原先未曾注意的元古代变质岩区与古生代变质岩区间的构造边界——军马河-马蹄湾断裂带。实际上,这个构造边界是一个底部韧性变形带,带内发育构造混杂岩、糜棱岩和强直片麻岩。本文阐述了各种几何学特征,它们表明变形是发生在一个缓倾斜的剪切带之上。大量的运动学标志指出,在中生代花岗岩类岩体就位前,再造的元古代变质岩区沿着构造边界向北逆冲于古生代变质岩区之上。  相似文献   

Effect of organic matter on splash detachment and the processes involved     

E. I. Ekwue 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1990,15(2):175-181

The influence of organic matter on splash detachment was investigated using soils with grass and peat treatments. The relationship between organic matter and aggregate stability to water disruption was positive for soils with grass treatment while it was negative for those with peat treatment. Organic matter from both treatments, however, reduced splash detachment by rainfall. Soils with grass did this by increasing aggregate stability while peat acted as a mulch on the soil surface. This implies that though organic matter always reduces splash detachment, different processes may be involved, depending on the form of the organic material. Because of the different processes involved, both negative and positive relationships between splash detachment and aggregate stability as reported in literature were obtained for the soils with grass and peat respectively.  相似文献   

规则球粒堆积体的孔隙度   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郭仁炳 《地球科学》1994,19(4):503-503

以椭球堆积体为模型，求出圆球、扁球、长球、椭球４种堆积体的理论孔隙度极值相同，并导出了政府孔隙度的通式。认为理论孔隙度的大小仅与规则球粒的排列方式有关，当某一规则球粒堆积体受压而使该规则球粒变形为另一种规则球粒时，只要排列方式不变，其理论孔隙度也不变。  相似文献   

天山两侧前陆冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化   总被引：77，自引：2，他引：77       下载免费PDF全文

刘和甫  梁慧社 《地球科学》1994,19(6):727-741

天山造山带呈Ｗ结构，由Ｖ形结构的南天山和北天山复合而成，两者具有不同的造山模式。南天山自震旦纪开始张裂，扩展为被动大陆边缘和洋盆，在志留－泥盆纪时俯冲，延续至石炭纪碰撞，旋回时限达４００Ｍａ以上，应属威尔逊旋回造山模式。北天山应自泥盆纪开始弧后扩张，形成泥盆－石炭纪边缘海小盆。在石炭纪晚期闭合，旋回时限约１００Ｍａ，应属于孤后造山模式，前陆褶皱－冲断带的变形主要分为两期：早期由于楔冲作用所产生的薄  相似文献   

塔北地区变形样式及其分布规律   总被引：23，自引：3，他引：23       下载免费PDF全文

张光亚  陈发景 《地球科学》1994,19(6):755-768

塔北地区包括库车前陆盆地和塔北前陆克拉通地区两大变形带，在库车前陆盆地，垂向上，主要受滑脱层发育及其展布、构造地层组合及岩层埋深等因素控制，深层一般为被动顶板双冲构造及断变褶皱，中层三角带、冲起构造，浅层为断展，滑脱及底辟褶皱；横向上，与挤压应力大小、地层岩石力学性质、滑脱层发育程度等相关，自造山带前缘向前陆克拉通方向，褶皱一般由紧闭，不对称或倒转变为平缓，开阔，并由断变，断展褶皱变为滑脱褶皱；变  相似文献