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101.
CHEN YingyanAssociate Professor Institute of Mountain Hazards Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Sichuan China 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
1.INTRODUCnONSAn~sizeplaysanimpo~roleinmanyfields,SUChasinndmeDt-laden~ordebrisflow.TheStateofsedimentmovementwhateVertheyaresugunded.jUInpingorbed-loading,isoftencloselyrelatedtOtheirSizes.Thebodyor~forcesbornacaglainareOftendiredproponionedtotheabcorSq~sizeofthisgrain.Thereforesedimentsizeisanimpohalltindextoesedimentcharacteristics.Besides,depositsizeanditsdistributionimplysome~infonnationdepositingfonnationenvironmentandcauseing~hyandgeqlogy.Ina~on.thesizeanditsdistributionareeac… 相似文献
102.
黄河下游泥沙淤积的经验统计关系 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以黄河下游历年实测水文泥沙资料为基础,运用多元回归分析方法,建立了下游河道淤积量与淤积强度的经验统计关系。揭示了不同粒径组泥沙的来量和它们在全沙中所占的比率对下游河道淤积特征的影响。同时,研究了高含沙洪水及清水基流对下游河道淤积的影响。 相似文献
103.
104.
粒度分析在塔克拉玛干沙漠研究中的应用 总被引:18,自引:6,他引:18
本文重点探讨了塔克拉玛干沙漠的风成沙粒度组成特征及其与物源的关系,同时对沙丘的下伏地层沙、现代河流沙及丘间地沙的粒度组成也进行了对比。通过对该沙漠第四纪沉积物的粒度分析,证实了风成沙的粒度分布以极细沙为主,不含粗沙,粉沙含量极小;粒度组合、分选主要受营力和源区物质制约,结果使粒度空间分布形成格局。总之,通过粒度分析得到一系列量化指征,可为研究风沙流运动,探讨沉积环境和改造沙漠、发展沙产业提供理论依据。 相似文献
105.
无锡、常州郊区发生地裂缝近年来,无锡石塘湾西蔡一秦村~带、常州横林分别出现了地裂缝,其中以钱桥毛村园最为严重,该处地裂缝于1991年夏初步形成,随后不断扩大,目前已具一定规模,长约700m,总体宽约60m,呈近东西向分布,并造成附近数十间楼房产生大量... 相似文献
106.
Size of a debris flow deposition: model experiment approach 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
X. Liu 《Environmental Geology》1996,28(2):70-77
The prediction of the dangerous extent of a debris flow deposition is of vital importance, but difficult to achieve. Precise
prediction of the depositional boundary of a debris flow event is impossible, but the size of a debris flow deposition could
provide some estimates of the area, length, width, and thickness of a debris flow deposition. Based on in situ depositional
experiments performed on a debris flow creek just after debris flows, a rule of thumb expressed by a group of equations containing
the multiple-variate nonlinear functions is proposed in this paper. The interrelationships between the size and the causation
also are discussed, and some empirical formulae to calculate the causative parameters for different regions are presented.
Received: 24 April 1995 · Accepted: 21 June 1995 相似文献
107.
矿物材料合成的直流弧光法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了Ar+H2+CH4气体体系中直流弧光放电过程,及其在金刚石膜等矿物材料合成中的应用。 相似文献
108.
N. V. Sobolev F. V. Kaminsky W. L. Griffin E. S. Yefimova T. T. Win C. G. Ryan A. I. Botkunov 《Lithos》1997,39(3-4):135-157
The Sputnik kimberlite pipe is a small “satellite” of the larger Mir pipe in central Yakutia (Sakha), Russia. Study of 38 large diamonds (0.7-4.9 carats) showed that nine contain inclusions of the eclogitic paragenesis, while the remainder contain inclusions of the peridotitic paragenesis, or of uncertain paragenesis. The peridotitic inclusion suite comprises olivine, enstatite, Cr-diopside, chromite, Cr-pyrope garnet (both lherzolitic and harzburgitic), ilmenite, Ni-rich sulfide and a Ti-Cr-Fe-Mg-Sr-K phase of the lindsleyite-mathiasite (LIMA) series. The eclogitic inclusion suite comprises omphacite, garnet, Ni-poor sulfide, phlogopite and rutile. Peridotitic ilmenite inclusions have high Mg, Cr and Ni contents and high Nb/Zr ratios; they may be related to metasomatic ilmenites known from peridotite xenoliths in kimberlite. Eclogitic phlogopite is intergrown with omphacite, coexists with garnet, and has an unusually high TiO2 content. Comparison with inclusions in diamonds from Mir shows general similarities, but differences in details of trace-element patterns. Large compositional variations among inclusions of one phase (olivine, garnet, chromite) within single diamonds indicate that the chemical environment of diamond crystallisation changed rapidly relative to diamond growth rates in many cases. P-T conditions of formation were calculated from multiphase inclusions and from trace element geothermobarometry of single inclusions. The geotherm at the time of diamond formation was near a 35 mW/m2 conductive model; that is indistinguishable from the Paleozoic geotherm derived by studies of xenoliths and concentrate minerals from Mir. A range of Ni temperatures between garnet inclusions in single diamonds from both Mir and Sputnik suggests that many of the diamonds grew during thermal events affecting a relatively narrow depth range of the lithosphere, within the diamond stability field. The minor differences between inclusions in Mir and Sputnik may reflect lateral heterogeneity in the upper mantle. 相似文献
109.
The Bengal basin, Bangladesh, represents one of the most densely populated recent floodplains of the world. The sediment
flux through the basin is one of the highest on a global scale. A significant portion of this sediment load find its sink
in the basin itself because of its lower elevation and frequent flooding. The textural, mineralogical and chemical nature
of the sediments thus have an important bearing on the environmental quality of the basin as well as for the Bay of Bengal.
The sediment load of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river system consists exclusively of fine sand, silt and clay at
their lower reaches within the Bengal basin, Bangladesh, and is deposited under uniformly fluctuating, unidirectional energy
conditions. The sediments have a close simitarity in grain size with the sediments of the surrounding floodplain. The mineral
assemblage is dominated by quartz and feldspars. Illite and kaolinite are the major clay minerals, and occur in almost equal
proportion in bed sediments. The heavy mineral assemblage is dominated by unstable minerals which are mostly derived from
high-rank metamorphic rocks. The characteristic smaller grain-size, i.e. having large surface-to-mass ratios, and the mineralogy
of sediments suggests that they are susceptible to large chemical adsorptive reactions and thus could serve as a potential
trap for contaminants. However, the sediments of the GBM river system in the Bengal basin, Bangladesh, shows lower concentration
of Pb, Hg and As, and a marginally higher value for Cd as compared to that of standard shale. Considering population density
and extensive agricultural practice in the basin, the sediments can in the long run become contaminated.
Received: 9 November 1994 · Accepted: 18 June 1996 相似文献
110.
陆源碎屑沉积作用对化学元素配分的制约——兼论五台地区前寒武纪碎屑沉积岩示踪源区陆壳成分的意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨粒度分选沉积作用对沉积物化学成分配分的影响,对比研究了五台群中石英岩、长石石英岩、粉砂岩和粘土岩等不同粒度沉积岩的化学成分特征,结果表明:不同粒度沉积岩的主元素及微量元素均具有较大的变化范围,SiO_2与Al_2O_3及TFe_2O_3之间呈线性负相关关系,这种负相关关系还表现在SiO_2与REE,Rb,Sr之间,这种特征可以用石英的稀释作用进行解释;铁族元素Cr,Ni,Co和REE,Rb,Sr等大离子亲石元素与Al_2O_3呈正相关关系,表明这些元素易在富铝的粘土岩中聚积。不同粒度成分沉积岩的稀土 相似文献