改进灰色模型对路基沉降预测的应用研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘军勇  薛晖  吴德军 《岩土工程技术》2005,19(2):59-62,68

讨论了灰色系统理论在路基沉降预测中的应用 ,并对等间隔的灰色模型GM(1,1)进行了改进 ,建立了任意间隔的非时序改进灰色模型。通过具体工程实践 ,给出了两种模型对路基沉降量预测结果与实测结果的比较 ,表明改进灰色模型的预测沉降量与实际沉降量更接近 ,精度更高 ,更能满足工程需要  相似文献   

Low temperature Phanerozoic history of the Northern Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

U.D. Weber  B.P. Kohn  A.J.W. Gleadow  D.R. Nelson 《Tectonophysics》2005,400(1-4):127-151

The Phanerozoic cooling history of the Western Australian Shield has been investigated using apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology. AFT ages from the northern part of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, primarily range between 200 and 280 Ma, with mean confined horizontal track lengths varying between 11.5 and 14.3 μm. Time–temperature modelling of the AFT data together with geological information suggest the onset of a regional cooling episode in the Late Carboniferous/Early Permian, which continued into Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous time. Present-day heat flow measurements on the Western Australian Shield fall in the range of 40–50 mW m⁻². If the present day geothermal gradient of  18 ± 2 °C km⁻¹ is representative of average Phanerozoic gradients, then this implies a minimum of  50 °C of Late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic cooling. Assuming that cooling resulted from denudation, the data suggest the removal of at least 3 km of rock section from the northern Yilgarn Craton over this interval. The Perth Basin, located west of the Yilgarn Craton, contains up to 15 km of mostly Permian to Lower Cretaceous clastic sediment. However, published U–Pb data of detrital zircons from Permian and Lower Triassic basin strata show relatively few or no grains of Archaean age. This suggests that the recorded cooling can probably be attributed to the removal of a sedimentary cover rather than by denudation of material from the underlying craton itself. The onset of cooling is linked to tectonism related to either the waning stages of the Alice Springs Orogeny or to the early stages of Gondwana breakup.  相似文献   

Settlement History As Reflection Of Climate Change: The Case Study Of Lake Jues (Harz Mountains, Germany)     

Ricarda Voigt 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2006,88(2):97-105

Postglacial sediments from Lake Jues, located at the SW margin of the Harz Mountains, were investigated for pollen, diatoms and sediment characteristics. The paper focuses on the time period between 7600 and 1200 y cal. BP (calibrated years before present), during which human impact began to influence the environnment of the lake. Climate variability was mainly inferred from sediment characteristics and changes in algal assemblages. The observed climatic changes coincide well with those recorded from other sites. Neolithic settlement started during the warm and dry Atlantic period. Intensive land use occurred under favourable climatic conditions during the Bronze and the Iron Ages, while human activities declined during cool and wet periods around 4000 and 2700 y cal. BP and after 2300 y cal. BP. The study shows that climate strongly influenced human settlement at remote locations like Lake Jues.  相似文献   

路堤荷载作用下软基沉降特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋鑫  邱延峻  周成 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(1):111-114

为探究路基断面几何参数对软基沉降特性的影响，基于弹性Biot三维固结有限元程序PDSS，就路基顶面宽度、路基高度及边坡坡比等断面几何参数对软基沉降特性的影响进行较深入的模拟分析，重点探讨现行各类铁路、公路路基宽度下软基沉降变形的模式。宽窄路堤荷载作用下软基的沉降模式不同，宽路堤软土路基沉降盆表现为“W”形状，而窄路堤软土路基的沉降盆表现为“V”形状。  相似文献   

半填半挖式路基差异沉降对沥青路面结构影响分析     

蒋鑫  邱延峻 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(4):16-19,44

半填半挖式路基的差异沉降将对上承路面结构产生不利的附加力学响应。本文以层状体系为基础，将半填半挖式路基差异沉降变形作为路面结构层底的约束条件，建立沥青混凝土路面结构对半填半挖式路基差异沉降变形力学响应的平面有限元模型。系统分析不均匀沉降量、不均匀沉降长度、路面结构与材料参数等对附加力学响应的影响。通过正交因子分析，研究路面结构层的优化设计以改善路面结构的不利受力状态。最后，建议使用柔性基层或设置级配碎石等松散性材料底基层来削减基层底附加拉应力，在路面结构层的优化设计中应以基层厚度作为控制要素。  相似文献   

Modelling of low-temperature exhumation rate in Dabie Mountain based on (U-Th)/He and fission-track thermochronological data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DING Ruxin  ZHOU Zuyi  XU Changhai  LIU Yuzhu  CHENG Hao  XU Fei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(10):1009-1019

While the high-temperature exhumation process in the Dabie Mountain has been well documented, the low-temperature exhumation of this area since Cretaceous, especially since Late Cretaceous, is relatively less studied. Low-temperature thermochronology provides one of the important approaches to solve this problem. Based on the data of fission track and (U-Th)/He analysis of apaptites and zircons from the granitoid and metamorphic rocks in the Dabie Mountain, this paper applies Mancktelow’s and Braun’s methods to estimating the exhumation rates and to drawing the regional differential exhumation pattern since Cretaceous, especially since Late Cretaceous by taking into consideration factors such as heat transport, heat advection, topography and heat production, which could influence geothermal field in the shallow crust. Since Cretaceous, the exhumation rate (0.08-0.10 km/Ma) in the region around Tiantangzhai and in the south of Tanlu fault zone is larger than the rate (0.04-0.07 km/Ma) in other areas of the Dabie Mountain. The regional differential exhumation pattern might be related to the push-up effect caused by differential strike-slip movement along NNE-trending faults.  相似文献   

试析新疆气候特征对田径运动训练的影响     

刘韬  刘辉 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2006,29(4):27-29

田径运动训练和比赛成绩的好坏,除了与运动员临场竞技状态等因素有关外,还与比赛训练时的气象要素风、气温、湿度等有着密切关系。本文结合新疆的气候特征着重阐述了不同季节气候的变化对田径运动训练的影响,同时也分析了“五差”对新疆田径运动员竞技能力的影响,并提出了建议。  相似文献   

Assessment of the collapse mechanisms of tufa deposits     

Nihat Dipova  Vedat Doyuran   《Engineering Geology》2006,83(4):332-342

This research assesses the collapse mechanisms of tufa deposits. The city of Antalya, located on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, has been settled on tufa deposits. By the end of 1980s, the area behind the tufa cliffs became the site of high-rise residential buildings. Some of these buildings have suffered from foundation instabilities, which have given rise to cracking and fissuring of the walls, and overall tilting. The collapsible behaviour upon loading and/or wetting of some tufa deposits has caused foundation settlement.

Voids, bonding of grains and grain properties of the collapsible tufa were investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopes. Our studies indicate that the collapse behaviour of tufa is affected mainly by depositional environment and microfabric. Laboratory tests have been performed in order to determine the index properties and the collapse potential of tufa samples. Young tufa deposits near the surface are weakly bonded with thin films of carbonate cement, giving rise to high void ratios. Analysis of geotechnical parameters has shown that the collapse potential of tufa is closely related to the natural void ratio and the amount of cement binding the grains.  相似文献   

Postmagmatic cooling and late Cenozoic denudation of the North Patagonian Batholith in the Los Lagos region of Chile, 41°−42°15′S     

A. C. Adriasola  S. N. Thomson  M. R. Brix  F. Hervé  B. Stöckhert 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2006,95(3):504-528

Zircon and apatite fission track (FT) thermochronology was applied to investigate the history of cooling and denudation of the Southern Andes between 41° and 42°15′S in relation to the late Cenozoic activity of the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone (LOFZ) and the northward migration of the Chile Triple Junction (CTJ). Fifty-six zircon and 51 apatite FT ages, plus 37 apatite confined track-length distributions were obtained mainly from plutonic rocks of the North Patagonian Batholith (NPB) in the main Andean Cordillera. Apatite FT ages and track lengths indicate a stage of rapid cooling at ∼5--3 Ma along both sides of the LOFZ, whereas older Miocene ages with monotonous cooling histories were obtained further away from the fault. Zircon FT ages range from Cretaceous to Pliocene, with marked differences observed along and across the LOFZ. Three different types of temperature-time histories characterise the post-magmatic cooling of the NPB in the region: deep intrusions with moderate and steady cooling rates, intrusions in the upper crust with very slow cooling rates following a stage of initial rapid cooling, and rapidly cooled and exhumed shallow intrusions, the latter with younger ages towards the fault zone. The most prominent denudation episode along the LOFZ is late Miocene to Pliocene, coeval with plate tectonic reconstructions for the arrival and subduction of the Chile Rise beneath the Taitao Peninsula.  相似文献   

THE DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF THE TRACK AND PRECIPITATION OF TYPHOON "RANANIM" AFTER LANDFALL     

XU Ai-hu  YE Cheng-zhi  OUYANG Li-cheng  CHENG Rui 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2006,12(2)

1 INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, landfall and track,intensity, sustaining mechanisms of tropical cyclones(hereafter TCs) and associated weather changes have become heated topics of research. From the viewpoints of energy transformation, moisture transfer, midlatitude baroclinic frontal zones and ambient wind fields, Chen et al.[1]Le et al.[2] and Zeng et al.[3] studied the sustaining mechanism of TCs that have made landfall.  相似文献